《英汉翻译拆译》PPT课件.ppt

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1、拆译,中文句的容量小，超过二十个字，就会读不连贯，（外译汉时）要适当切短，但又要连而不断。-高慧勤,单词拆译：抽词拆译,Scofflaws abound in amazing variety.玩忽法令者形形色色，令人吃惊。(形容词)At present,people have a tendency to choose the safety of the middle-ground reply.现在，人们都倾向于采取不偏不倚的态度来回答问题，因为它安全，不招风险.(名词)The town boasts a beautiful lake.镇上有个美丽的湖，人人以此为豪。（动词）We recogni

2、ze that Chinas long-term modernization program understandably and necessarily emphasizes economic growth.我们认识到，中国的长期现代化计划以发展经济为重点，这是可以理解的，也是必要的。（副词）,单词拆译短语拆译句子拆译,单词拆译：拆字抽词拆译,单词拆译:拆字,The Declaration and Program of Action represent a worthy beginning to the reshaping of the United Nations concept of c

3、ollective effort in international and national economic development.初译：这个宣言和行动纲领表明了在国际和国家经济发展方面重新塑造联合国集体努力的概念这一可贵的开端。拆译：这个宣言和行为纲领表明了一个可贵的开端，那就是在国际和国家经济发展方面，联合国提出了一个同心协力的新概念。,抽词拆译法,修辞上的拆译具有动词意义的形容词评注性形容词评注性副词,抽词拆译法,1.IFyou stand by the seashore on a clear day,you can see the masts and funnels of invi

4、sible ships passing along the horizon.晴朗的日子里，如果你站在海边，就能看到船的桅杆和烟囱沿着地平线移动，而看不到船只本身。2.He sat there and watched them,so changelessly changing,so bright and dark,so grave and gay.他坐在那儿注视着，觉得眼前的景色，既是始终如一，又是变化多端，既是光彩夺目，有时朦胧黑暗，既是庄严肃穆，又是轻松愉快。3She what was honor knew,And with obsequious majesty approvedJohn M

5、ilton:Paradise Lost她懂得什么叫做尊重所以应允了，显得温柔顺从却不失典雅庄重4.Have you ever been at see in a dense fog,when it seemed as if a tangible white darkness shut you in.你是否曾有过在浓雾弥漫的海上乘船的经历？那时，你周围一片空白，好像着实把你困在个黑暗的地方。Oxymoron,抽词拆译法,OxymoronA living death 行尸走肉A clever fool天生的傻瓜 Cruel kindness害人的仁慈 Sweet sorrow喜忧参半 Proud h

6、umility不卑不亢 A damned saint万恶的圣人,抽词拆译法,1.I buried my head under the miserable sheet and rug and cried like a child.我把头埋在被单和毯子里，孩子似的哭了起来，而那被单和毯子也仿佛感染了我的悲哀心情。2.There is also the distressing possibility that the man isnt quite the catch the police thought.还存在这样一种可能性：被抓住的那人不见得就是警察当局所设想的头号人物。这种可能性真让人泄气。3.

7、A cold that rapidly grew worse caused his unlamented return to Paris.他得了感冒，而且愈来愈凶，只好回巴黎去了，但对他的离去，谁也没有感到遗憾。Transferred epithet,抽词拆译法,He had seen the dictionary fly over the pavement of the little garden and fall at length at the feet of the astonished Miss Jemima.他眼看字典飞过小花园的甬道，最后掉在吉米玛小姐脚边，吓了她一跳。His a

8、nnouncement got a mixed reaction.他的声明引起了反应，不过有好有坏。American prisoners are permitted to receive Red Cross food parcels and write censored letters.允许美国俘虏接受红十字会的食品包裹，也允许他们写信，不过信要经过检查具有动词意义形容词转译,抽词拆译法,Flying from Australia to Hongkong,the tourist group then traveled thousands of interest-filled miles thr

9、ough China by train.旅行团从澳大利亚乘飞机到达香港，然后坐火车到中国各地游览，这次趣味盎然的旅行长达几千里。Jefferson believed that government are,at best,necessary evil.杰弗逊认为有政府总归是坏事，从最好的角度来说，只能说这种坏事是有所必要的。评注性形容词转译,抽词拆译法,The Chinese seem justifiably proud of their economic achievements.中国人似乎为他们经济上所取得的成就而自豪，这是合乎情理的。They relentlessly tear the

10、flowers they see.他们见花就摘，毫不爱惜。Law enforcement cannot responsibly stand aloof.译文1：执法部门不能负责地对此保持规避。”译文2：执法部门如果负责任，就不能对此不闻不问。译文3：执法部门如果对此不闻不问，那就是没有尽到责任。Chinese people are justly famous for hospitality throughout the world中国人民以好客闻名于世，名不虚传。评注性副词,Exercises:评注性副词,They tried vainly to blame us for the break

11、down in the truce talks.他们企图把和谈破裂的罪名加在我们身上，但没有成功。They properly have to be very factual.他们必须实事求是，本来就应当这样做。They excitedly rushed through the task.他们很激动，一鼓作气把任务干完。Pressing the Chief Whip,he asked whether they had yet been told the whole truth.The Chief Whip silently and eloquently turned away.他逼着这位总督导回

12、答他是否已经向他们讲了全部真相，总督导默默无言地走开了，这个动作的意思是再清楚不过了。,总结：抽词拆译法,句子出现成对的描述性的反义词句子出现移就的修辞方式具有动词意义的词或短语使用抽词拆译法翻译有评注性副词、形容词经常用到抽词拆译法方法：添词：（添词以使结构完整，语义明了，达到译文形神兼备的最佳效果）重复句子中的某一中心词。适当加些连词和虚词,短语拆译,Invitingly green Angel Island,once a military installation,contains meandering trails and picnic spots ideal for a days e

13、xcursion.迷人的天使岛郁郁葱葱，小径蜿蜒，是一日游的理想野餐场所。但在过去它却是一个军事基地。（名词短语拆译）Several blocks from the park,running parallel to it,Clement Street bustles like a second Chinatown with dozens of ethnic restaurants.离公园几个街区便是与公园平行的克莱门特街。那儿有几十家少数民族餐馆，热闹得如同第二个唐人街。（介词短语拆译）As he watched Junes sports car dart away,leaden clouds

14、 scudded across the hills and the boisterous wind gusted around the house,rattling branches against the eaves.他目送琼的赛车飞驰而去。铅灰色的云朵掠过山峦，狂风在房子四周疾吹，使得树枝拍打着屋檐。（分词短语拆译）,短语拆译,Nonetheless,insists Viguerie,“When a Congressman gets 40,000 letters on a single issue,he ignores that at his folly.”然而，维格里坚持说：“如果一位众

15、议员在某一问题上接到四万封意见书而仍然置若罔闻，那他就要遭殃。”It is well said,in every sense,that a mans religion is the chief fact with regard to him.有人说：看一个人，主要是看他的宗教信仰。这一说法无论在何种意义上都是十分恰当的。The stories with their unexpected endings are built around interesting situations,rather than around analysis of character.小说的构思，围绕着引人入胜的情景

16、，而不是围绕着人物性格的分析，因此其结局往往出人意料,句子拆译,简单句的拆译Its crisp climate and heartstopping views make it a great walking town for the fit.这里气候凉爽干燥，景观令人惊叹，对于身体好的人来说是徒步游览的好去处。A peasant and his family were working in a little field beneath the singing larks.农夫一家人正在一小块地里干活，头顶上云雀在唱歌。,并列复合句的拆译,I sat with his wife in their

17、 living room,looking out the glass doors to the backyards,and there was Allens pool,still covered with black plastic that had been stretched across it for winter.我跟他妻子一起坐在他们家的起居室里，望着玻璃门外的后院。后院里有阿伦的游泳池，上面还盖着过冬时铺上去的黑色塑料蓬。On her once familiar street,as in any unused channel,an unfamiliar queerness had

18、silted up;a cat wove itself in and out of railings,but no human eye watched Mrs Drovers return.走在一度熟悉的大街上，就像在一条没有人走过的道路上一样，她心里充满了从未有过的新奇。一只猫在栏杆那儿绕来绕去，但是没有人留意特罗弗太太回来。The entire cable-car system recently got an overhaul after more than a century of operations,so you are on firm ground even if the stre

19、ets seem to be tilting beneath you.在运行了一个世纪之后，最近对整个缆车系统进行了彻底检修。所以即使你觉得街道似乎在下面倾斜，你在缆车上仍很安全。,主从复合句的拆译,One day,while out on the bleak moors,Pip is startled by a hulking,menacing man who threatens him if he does not bring him some food immediately。匹普外出在阴冷的荒原上游荡时，一个魁梧、凶狠的男子把他吓了一跳。这个男子威胁他，让他立即为他送些食物来。All

20、this had come to an end in 1905 when the medical mission was dissolved and several of Mothers colleagues were killed in the uprising.1905年，这一切都宣布结束了。在一次暴动中，妈妈的几个同事牺牲了，医疗队也解散了。Progress includes the involvement of younger researchers whose interest arose from exploration and field experience.受探险和野外经历的

21、激发,出现一批更加年轻的研究者,主从复合句的拆译,This is the first unenclosed government in China,where people can cross the hall at any time这是中国第一个不封闭的政府，人民群众可以随意进入政府办公大楼 China continued its in-depth economic development which brought about the rapid growth of national economy我国的经济体制改革进一步深化。国民经济增长速度进一步加快某些汉语复句中的一个分句可以对另一个

22、复句加以解释、说明.这种复句称为解说复句.解说复句是并列复句的一种。解说复句的语序 通常是固定的.被解说句前置.解说句后置。英译时可把其中某些句子成份降为次一级成份作为从句来翻译。,长句拆译,长句的构成长句翻译法长句拆译法,长句拆译,长句的构成英文长句通常由充当定语、状语的短语、介词(短语)、不定式、分词短语或由关系代词、关系副词引导的各种从句所形成。长句翻译法：包孕法（Embedding)切断或分切（Cutting)倒置（Reversing)拆分（splitting）插入（Inserting)重组（Recasting）长句拆译法顺序拆译法逆序拆译法变序拆译法,倒译法,As a righteo

23、us intellectual,I an ashamed of the outrageous policy of intimidation employed by the diehard conservatives who control the government to try to strangle social reform and to prevent people from carrying forward their praise-worthy efforts towards building an ideal society.初译：作为一个具有正义感的知识分子，我对操纵我国政府

24、的死硬的保守派分子所实行的旨在扼杀社会改革和阻挠我国人民在建立一个理想的社会主义方面所做出的值得称道的成就的强暴的威吓政策感到耻辱。顺序拆译：作为一个具有正义感的知识分子，我对操纵我国政府的死硬的保守分子所实行的强暴的威吓政策感到耻辱，因为这一政府企图扼杀社会改革，阻挠我国人民为建立一个理想的社会而作出值得称道的努力。”倒拆法：操纵我国政府的死硬的保守派分子实行强暴的威吓政策，企图扼杀社会改革，阻挠我国人民在建立一个理想的社会方面作出值得称道的努力。作为一个具有正义感的知识分子，我对这一政策感到耻辱。,长句拆译：逆序拆译法,There is nothing more disappointing

25、 to a hostess who has gone to a lot of trouble or expense than to have her guest so interested in talking politics or business with her husband that he fails to notice the flavor of the coffee,the lightness of the cake,or the attractiveness of the house,which may be her chief interest and pride.顺序拆译

26、：对于一个花费大量精力或金钱来准备饭菜的女主人来说，没有什么比这样的事情更令人失望了：她的客人只顾和她的丈夫谈论政治或生意问题，而忽略了咖啡的香味、蛋糕的精巧或屋内布置的优雅。因为这些可能是她最感兴趣和引以为荣的事。逆序拆译：女主人用了很多心神，也花了很多费用，准备好了香喷喷的咖啡和松软的糕点，并将屋内陈设装扮的极有特色。虽然她对此饶有兴趣并引以自豪，但她的客人对此却熟视无睹，只顾与丈夫谈政治，谈生意。还有什么比这让她更失望的呢！,拆译成因果句,Those who had before known her,and had expected to behold her dimmed and ob

27、scured by a disastrous cloud,were astonished,and even startled,to perceive how her beauty shone out,and made a halo of the misfortune and ignominy in which she was enveloped.那些本来就认识她的人.原先满以为她经历过这一磨难.会黯然失色.结果却惊得都发呆了.因为他们所看到的.是她焕发的美丽.竟把笼罩着她的小幸和耻辱凝成一轮光环。The crew,who were all asleep,didnt see the rock.船

28、员们没有看见礁石，因为他们都睡着了。For traveling I prefer Norway,which is more mountainous than Sweden.作为旅游，我更喜欢挪威，因为挪威的山比瑞典多。,As a righteous intellectual,I an ashamed of the outrageous policy of intimidation employed by the diehard conservatives who control the government to try to strangle social reform and to pre

29、vent people from carrying forward their praise-worthy efforts towards building an ideal society.,There is nothing more disappointing to a hostess who has gone to a lot of trouble or expense than to have her guest so interested in talking politics or business with her husband that he fails to notice the flavor of the coffee,the lightness of the cake,or the attractiveness of the house,which may be her chief interest and pride.,