《刹车片基础知识》PPT课件.ppt
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1、1,Bosch braking product introduction,Department|12/21/2007|Robert Bosch GmbH 2007.All rights reserved,also regarding any disposal,exploitation,reproduction,editing,distribution,as well as in the event of applications for industrial property rights.,刹车片基础知识,2,Bosch braking product introduction,Depart
2、ment|12/21/2007|Robert Bosch GmbH 2007.All rights reserved,also regarding any disposal,exploitation,reproduction,editing,distribution,as well as in the event of applications for industrial property rights.,目录 制动系统基本知识介绍 制动产品-刹车片/蹄知识介绍-刹车盘/油简介-其他,3,Bosch braking product introduction,Department|12/21/
3、2007|Robert Bosch GmbH 2007.All rights reserved,also regarding any disposal,exploitation,reproduction,editing,distribution,as well as in the event of applications for industrial property rights.,制动系统基本知识介绍功用:根据需要使汽车减速或停车,以保证行车或驻车安全。组成:行车制动装置驻车制动装置辅助制动装置,4,Bosch braking product introduction,Departmen
4、t|12/21/2007|Robert Bosch GmbH 2007.All rights reserved,also regarding any disposal,exploitation,reproduction,editing,distribution,as well as in the event of applications for industrial property rights.,行车制动装置,鼓式制动器,盘式制动器,5,鼓式制动装置基本结构,Department|12/21/2007|Robert Bosch GmbH 2007.All rights reserved,
5、also regarding any disposal,exploitation,reproduction,editing,distribution,as well as in the event of applications for industrial property rights.,制动踏板,制动主缸,制动油管,制动鼓,制动轮缸,摩擦片,制动蹄,回位弹簧,6,Bosch braking product introduction,Department|12/21/2007|Robert Bosch GmbH 2007.All rights reserved,also regarding
6、 any disposal,exploitation,reproduction,editing,distribution,as well as in the event of applications for industrial property rights.,7,标准式的鼓式制动(带制动杆),制动分泵,回位弹簧,领(制动)蹄,制动鼓,手闸杆,制动摩擦片,回位弹簧,制动线,制动底板,定位销,从(制动)蹄,鼓式制动器,优点:有自增力效应,制动力大寿命长,价格低廉易于与手刹集成,缺点:散热性差,存在热衰退制动力稳定性差磨损不均匀,不容易调整与更换容易产生噪音,Bosch braking pro
7、duct introduction,8,Bosch braking product introduction,Department|12/21/2007|Robert Bosch GmbH 2007.All rights reserved,also regarding any disposal,exploitation,reproduction,editing,distribution,as well as in the event of applications for industrial property rights.,二、盘式制动器,结构:,制动盘,制动钳体,一汽奥迪100轿车前轮制
8、动器,制动块,活塞,制动钳导向销,9,1、定钳盘式制动器(固定式制动钳制动器),结构:,活塞,制动钳体,制动块,车桥,进油口,制动盘,Bosch braking product introduction,Department|12/21/2007|Robert Bosch GmbH 2007.All rights reserved,also regarding any disposal,exploitation,reproduction,editing,distribution,as well as in the event of applications for industrial pro
9、perty rights.,10,Bosch braking product introduction,Department|12/21/2007|Robert Bosch GmbH 2007.All rights reserved,also regarding any disposal,exploitation,reproduction,editing,distribution,as well as in the event of applications for industrial property rights.,2、浮钳盘式制动器构造,结构:,车桥,导向销,进油口,活塞,制动钳,制动
10、块,制动盘,11,Bosch braking product introduction,Department|12/21/2007|Robert Bosch GmbH 2007.All rights reserved,also regarding any disposal,exploitation,reproduction,editing,distribution,as well as in the event of applications for industrial property rights.,工作原理,12,优点:散热快,对于温度不敏感制动力稳定左右制动力偏差小产生噪音可能性小构
11、造简单,调整方便,盘式制动器介绍,1.摩擦衬块2.活塞3.制动盘4.卡钳5.支架,缺点:制动器复杂,价格高需要制动液压高摩擦片损耗大,Bosch braking product introduction,13,Bosch braking product introduction,Department|12/21/2007|Robert Bosch GmbH 2007.All rights reserved,also regarding any disposal,exploitation,reproduction,editing,distribution,as well as in the ev
12、ent of applications for industrial property rights.,刹车片是汽车的刹车系统中最关键的安全零件。因为刹车效果的好坏都是刹车片起决定性作用,所以说好的刹车片是人和汽车的保护神。刹车鼓上装的是刹车蹄,但一般人叫刹车片就统指刹车片和刹车蹄,用“盘式刹车片”来特别指明是盘式制动器上装的刹车片,并不是刹车盘,14,Bosch braking product introduction,Department|12/21/2007|Robert Bosch GmbH 2007.All rights reserved,also regarding any dis
13、posal,exploitation,reproduction,editing,distribution,as well as in the event of applications for industrial property rights.,刹车片的基本构造,摩擦块,粘合剂/隔热层,背板/钢板,15,Bosch braking product introduction,Department|12/21/2007|Robert Bosch GmbH 2007.All rights reserved,also regarding any disposal,exploitation,repr
14、oduction,editing,distribution,as well as in the event of applications for industrial property rights.,摩擦材料的配方,一般由1020种原料组成。不同产品的配方存在差异,而配方的开发要根据具体的车型技术参数。摩擦材料生产厂商对其配方都对外保密。,刹车片摩擦材料配方,原来石棉被证明是最有效的耐磨材料,但在人们知道石棉纤维对健康有害之后,这种材料被其他纤维所取代。现在,优质的刹车片绝对不能含有石棉,不仅如此,还应尽量避免高金属、昂贵而不确定性能的纤维和硫化物。摩擦材料企业一项长期的工作就是不断开发新
15、型材料以提高摩擦材料性能、环保性和经济性,纤维,树脂粉末,粘合树脂,有机材料,硫化锑,石墨,炭粉,加滑剂,氧化铝,滑石粉,重晶石,氧化铁,填充材料,钢丝绒,铜粉,金属,原材料,原材料类型,刹车片配方示例,16,汽车摩擦材料基本组成。摩擦材料是一种复合材料 其配方的基本组成是:粘合剂:525;填料:2080(包括摩擦调节剂);增强纤维:560 粘合剂:作用:将材料各组分结为一体。因具有良好的耐温性和强度。粘合剂质量对产品性能影响极大。热固性树脂:酚醛树脂,改性酚醛树脂,特种耐热树脂 橡胶:天然橡胶 合成橡胶 树脂和橡胶并用摩擦填料:作用:提供和稳定摩擦性能,降低磨损。摩擦填料:硫酸钡、氧化铝、高
16、岭土、氧化铁、长石、硅灰石、铁粉、铜(粉)、铝粉 摩擦性能调节剂:石墨、摩擦粉、橡胶粉、焦炭粉增强纤维:作用:提供材料强度,尤其在高温状态下。石棉纤维:非石棉纤维:合成纤维、天然纤维、非矿纤维、金属纤维、玻璃纤维、碳纤维,17,Backup,18,不同刹车片配方体系,美系车,欧系车,日系车,19,关于摩擦系数,摩擦是指两相对运动物体接触面间的运动阻力。摩擦力(F)的大小是与摩擦系数()及摩擦受力面所受垂直方向的正压力(N)的乘积成正比,物理学公式表示成:F=N。对刹车系统来说是指刹车片与刹车碟的摩擦系数,N是卡钳活塞对片所施的力。摩擦系数越大所产生的摩擦力就越大,但是刹车片与碟盘间的摩擦系数会
17、因为摩擦后所产生的高热而有所变化,也就是说摩擦系数是随温度的的变化而变化,每一种刹车片因为材质的不同而有不同的摩擦系数变化曲线,因此不同的刹车片会有不同的最佳工作温度,及适用的工作温度范围。刹车片最重要的性能指标就是摩擦系数。国家标准规定的刹车摩擦系数在0.35-0.40之间。合格的刹车片摩擦系数适中、稳定,如果摩擦系数低于0.35,刹车时就会超过安全制动距离甚至刹车失灵,如果摩擦系数高于0.40,刹车容易突然抱死,出现翻车事故。,20,Bosch braking product introduction,Department|12/21/2007|Robert Bosch GmbH 2007
18、.All rights reserved,also regarding any disposal,exploitation,reproduction,editing,distribution,as well as in the event of applications for industrial property rights.,PB26En971,不同刹车片的摩擦系数,优质刹车片,不合格刹车片,制动摩擦片的摩擦系数,21,RBCT/MKT|12/21/2007|Robert Bosch GmbH 2007.All rights reserved,also regarding any di
19、sposal,exploitation,reproduction,editing,distribution,as well as in the event of applications for industrial property rights.,如何衡量刹车片的好坏,Bosch braking product introduction,22,Bosch braking product introduction,Department|12/21/2007|Robert Bosch GmbH 2007.All rights reserved,also regarding any dispos
20、al,exploitation,reproduction,editing,distribution,as well as in the event of applications for industrial property rights.,刹车片的更换周期,制动摩擦片的更换没有固定的周期,随着汽车使用率、驾驶风格及所用材料的不同而有极大差别。较差的摩擦片目前所知只能用10,000公里,最好的材料则可以使用超过90,000公里。,博世推荐:可靠的刹车片/刹车蹄磨损检查要求取下车轮后评估盘式刹车片上的摩擦材料厚度不应小于2毫米,鼓式刹车蹄上摩擦材料厚度不应小于1.5毫米更换刹车片应左右轮同时更
21、换当刹车片被油污染时,需要更换安装有警示灯的车辆,当摩擦材料厚度小于3.5毫米时,指示灯会亮,此时应该更换刹车片更换2次盘式摩擦片后才更换1次鼓式制动蹄,更换5副刹车片,即应更换一张制动盘同一轴上的刹车片,刹车盘和刹车蹄必须同时更换换刹车片时,刹车盘应同时进行检查以发现下列可能的缺陷:裂纹,刮伤,腐蚀,磨损,厚度不均(DTV),23,Bosch braking product introduction,Department|12/21/2007|Robert Bosch GmbH 2007.All rights reserved,also regarding any disposal,expl
22、oitation,reproduction,editing,distribution,as well as in the event of applications for industrial property rights.,刹车片安装的其他注意点,盘式刹车片的衬片厚度低于2mm或产品上安装的磨损报警器发出信号,必须更换该刹车片。同一车轴上的制动蹄(片)必须同时更换,而且必须是同一种制动蹄(片),以保持左右制动力的一致。在装配制动器前,必须检查制动鼓(盘)和制动蹄(片),其表面不得有油污,不得有裂纹、沟槽等缺陷,否则将极大地影响制动效果和使用寿命。制动片应存放在阴凉通风的环境中,并保持其外
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