《翻译概述》PPT课件.ppt
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1、第一讲 翻译概述,1、翻译的概念2、翻译的性质3、翻译在外语教学中的地位4、翻译与其他学科的关系5、翻译的分类6、译者的素养 7、翻译市场的现状8、翻译工具箱,1、翻译的概念,翻译是运用一种语言把另一种语言所表达的思维内容准确而完整的重新表达出来的语言活动。-张培基(1980),Catford,Translation may be defined as follows:the replacement of textual material in one language(SL)by equivalent textual material in another language(TL).,Pet
2、er Newmark,Translation is a craft consisting in the attempt to replace a written message and/or statement in one language by the same message and/or statement in another language.(Translating)is rendering the meaning of a text into another language in the way the author intended the text.,Samuel Joh
3、nson,To translate is to change into another language,retaining as much of the sense as one can.,巴尔胡达罗夫(语言与翻译 1985 中文版),“翻译就是把一种语言的言语产物在保持内容方面(也就是意义)不变的情况下改变为另外一种语言的言语产物的过程。”,Malcolm Cowley,Translation is an art that involves the re-creation of a work in another language for readers with a different
4、background.,Eugene Nida,Translating consists in reproducing in the receptor language the closest natural equivalent of the source language message,first in terms of meaning and secondly in terms of style.“翻译就是在译入语中再现与原语的信息最切近的自然对等物,首先是就意义而言,其次是就文体而言。”,奈达定义的三个优点,明确地说明了要译的是什么(信息message)暗示了由于语言文化上的差异,原
5、文和译文只能做到相对的对等(closest)考虑了译文的可接受性,Some Definitions by Modern Translation Theorists,Gideon Toury,“A translation is taken to be any target-language utterance which is presented or regarded as such within the target culture,on whatever grounds.”,Christiane Nord,“Translation is the production of a functi
6、onal target text maintaining a relationship with a given source text that is specified according to the intended or demanded function of the target text.”,吕俊,“翻译是一种跨文化的信息交流与交换活动,其本质是传播,是传播学中一个有特殊性质的领域。”,沈苏儒,“翻译是把具有某一文化背景的发送者用某种语言(文字)所表达的内容尽可能充分地、有效地传达给使用另一种语言(文字)、具有另一种文化背景的接受者。”,张今,“翻译是两个语言社会(langua
7、ge community)之间的交际过程和交际工具,它的目的主要是促进本语言社会的政治、经济和文化进步,它的任务是要把原作中包含的现实世界的逻辑映像或艺术映像,完好无损地从一种语言译注到另一种语言中去。”,Cambridge Encyclopedia of Language,“It is sometimes said that there is no task more complex than translation-a claim that can be readily believed when all the variables involved are taken into acco
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