《托福听力全解》PPT课件.ppt
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1、托福听力全解,第一课托福考试听力综述及备考方法,学术名词的介绍,ETS:Educational Testing ServiceTOEFL:Test of English as a Foreign LanguagePBT:Paper-Based TestCBT/CAT:Computer-Based Test/Computer-Adaptive TestiBT:Internet-Based Test,听力考试内容与形式,模块(Module)1篇对话(Conversation)校园生活话题;2-3分钟/篇;5道题目/篇2篇讲座(Lecture)课堂授课话题;4-6分钟/篇;6道题目/篇,听力考试时间
2、与题量,30分钟/个模块:20分钟音频;10分钟做17道题形式一2个模块:1个小时形式二3个模块:1.5个小时,听力考试特征描述,1.长度大3-5min2.学术性强3.先听音,后看题4.做题时间有限5.考生可做笔记6.题目不可回翻,考试报名流程,1.报名准备2.电脑要求3.付费须知4.个人资料5.考生须知6.报名程序,Conversation,听力考试题型介绍,1.主旨题 Gist2.细节题 Detail3.功能题 Function4.态度题 Attitude5.观点组织题 Organization6.推理推断题 Inference,Lecture,托福听力考察三大能力,1.Basic Com
3、prehension 基本理解力1).Gist2).Detail,2.Pragmatic Understanding 实际理解力1).Function2).Attitude,3.Connecting Information 连接信息力1).Organization2).Inference,听力考试备考方法一:语音,1.语速托福:180-220词/分钟软件:Cool Edit,听力考试备考方法一:语音,2.单个单词熟形不熟音strategy strategicocean oceanicdeclare declaration,听力考试备考方法一:语音,3.语音现象连读:辅音元音 get up ch
4、eck outrun out of all about it in-side out put it off,听力考试备考方法一:语音,失爆:/b/p/d/t/g/k/+与其不相同的辅音,发后一个辅音,前一个做发音准备blackboard breakfast stop by sit down lap top mid-term,听力考试备考方法一:语音,弱读:元音音素的弱化,指一个单词中的元音音素在口语中由于说话时语速快或在句子中处于次要位置而不被强调等原因,不能发完全而标准的读音,却变为强度较弱的其他元音的现象。historyhistrihistri familyfmilifli Iusedto
5、aijusttuaijustu,听力考试备考方法一:语音,英美音差异farther start floor sport court perfectwestern pattern,听力考试备考方法二:词汇,1.四六级词汇70%2.口语小词10%3.专业词汇20%:记声音记意思不记拼写,听力考试备考方法二:词汇,艾宾浩斯记忆时间安排5分钟 30分钟12小时 1天2天 4天7天 15天,听力考试备考方法三:思维,1.积极向上、善良正义解决功能题2.要事第一原则 first thing first解决主旨题3.间接回答解决推理推断题,第二课托福考试听力备考方法,听力考试备考方法四:听写,听写的必要性,
6、听力考试备考方法四:听写,听写方法:1.听全文:懂大意。2.听句子:注意第一遍没听清的句子。3.听字词:注意前两遍没听清的字词。4.听一句写一句,放音不可写,最多听5遍。5.打开文字答案核对纠错。6.总结造成听力障碍的语音点。,听力考试备考方法四:听写,练习:Geography,听力考试备考方法五:记笔记,1.原则自己能看懂越少完整单词拼写中英文相结合线条、图画、符号并用简练,切莫因记勿听写而有用,听力考试备考方法五:记笔记,2.要点开头部分:对话或讲座的主题、目的总论点下的分类、分支及特点解释程序步骤,注意先后顺序重要时间、地点人物身份、观点,听力考试备考方法五:记笔记,最高级、比较级说明多
7、个原因、结果表达态度、倾向性,听力考试备考方法五:记笔记,3.区别长对话:记问题,解决办法,具体建议。长段落:记概念,主要分支及其特点,重要时间、地点、数字,说话人态度,观点认可度。,听力考试备考方法五:记笔记,4.信号词时间:previously,formerly,initially,first,now,presently,then,later,subsequently,next,finally,last,ultimately,before,after,meanwhile,when,immediately,听力考试备考方法五:记笔记,举例:for example,for instance,s
8、uch as,in this/another case,in this situation,on this occasion,take the case of,to demonstrate,to illustrate,as an illustration,听力考试备考方法五:记笔记,列举:first(ly),second,third,last/finallyone,another,听力考试备考方法五:记笔记,补充:and,as well asalso,too,in additionfurther,furthermore,听力考试备考方法五:记笔记,比较:like,likewise,as,bot
9、h,similarly,at the same time,in comparison,听力考试备考方法五:记笔记,转折:on the other hand,in contrast,on the contrarydespite,regardless,notwithstanding,though,although,even though,in spite ofbut,however,yet,nevertheless,instead,rather,whereas,听力考试备考方法五:记笔记,强调:definitely,extremely,especially,obviously,absolutely
10、,positively,surprisingly,in fact,emphatically,indeed,in any case unquestionably,without a doubtbest,only,听力考试备考方法五:记笔记,因果:because,sincefor this reason,hence,resulting,as a result,so,then,thus,therefore,consequently,听力考试备考方法五:记笔记,定义:define,is defined as,known as,that is,the term means,we mean,we can
11、state,we refer to,听力考试备考方法五:记笔记,总结:in short,in brief,in the end,in summary,in conclusion,to conclude,to reiterate,to sum up,finally,therefore,as already stated,听力考试备考方法五:记笔记,5.符号数学符号+比较级:more+最高级:best,most,听力考试备考方法五:记笔记,多于:bigger,larger,greater,more than 高:superior to,surpass少于:less,smaller 低:inferi
12、or to,听力考试备考方法五:记笔记,=同等:means,that is to say,in other words,the same as,be equal to 不同:be different from 好:right/good,famous/well-knownX 坏:wrong/incorrect,something bad,notorious,negative,听力考试备考方法五:记笔记,大约:about/around,or so,approximately 属于:belong to,be part of,fall into,pertain to,remain with,resid
13、e 原因 due to,because,because of 结果 consequently,therefore,thus,听力考试备考方法五:记笔记,标点及其它:说话,观点:say,speak,think,believe?问题:question,issue,problem()在.之间:among,within*重要的:important,exemplary,best,outstanding,brilliant,听力考试备考方法五:记笔记,转折:but,however,yet,in fact,actually,while,nevertheless&和,与:and,together with,a
14、long with,accompany,along with,听力考试备考方法五:记笔记,上升、增加:ascend,climb,go up,mount up,move up,raise,rise,soar 下降、减少:descend,drop,fall,go or come down,decline 之前 before,ago 之后 after,later,听力考试备考方法五:记笔记,结论,导致:bring on,conduce,induce,lead,make for,result in,听力考试备考方法五:记笔记,6.建议句型So;See;Say;You know what;Guess w
15、hat;Tell you whatMight;Just;(Maybe)you should Why dont you,听力考试备考方法五:记笔记,Youd better do;You are better off doing sth.Have you tried;What aboutI wish they could If I were you,I would,第三课场景分类讲解,作业延期场景,场景特点:作业最后期限到了怎么办,能不能延期。,作业延期场景,做作业,尤其是做论文和写实验报告时,需要有research,也需要information,也需要data,还要interpret data,
16、还要check them out in the reference book。还经常会谈到分配作业split it up in halves,也会谈到润色问题Im polishing the thesis,I was putting the finishing touches on my paper.,作业延期场景,场景词汇:Paper/essay 论文Term paper 学期论文Thesis(硕士)论文Dissertation 博士论文Dissertation proposal 博士论文的开题报告,作业延期场景,Project 课题Term project 学期课题Book report
17、读书报告Lab report 试验报告Presentation 发言,作业延期场景,Assignment/studies/class work/school work 作业Due day 到期日Deadline 最后期限Extension 延期,作业延期场景,场景句型:The paper is due this coming Friday.The deadline has been extended for a week.There is a one-week extension.The professor gave us an one week extension.,作业延期场景,I don
18、t know whether I can get an extension.I dont know whether I can make the deadline.,发言场景,所谓的发言,就是学生就教授布置的作业话题,准备材料,做一个十分钟左右的发言。,发言场景,场景总结:发言只是教授作业中的一种,作业一般还包括论文、读书报告、实验报告、野外实习等。,图书馆、教科书、书店场景,场景特点:图书馆使用方式,到图书馆借书、还书,图书逾期未还、欠费;书店购买教科书、有书没书、书价贵、平装/精装、书新/旧到,图书馆、教科书、书店场景,图书馆场景词汇:Check out the book 借书Return
19、 the book 还书Librarian 图书管理员Head librarian 图书馆长Library card 借书卡,图书馆、教科书、书店场景,Stacks 书库Index 索引Circulation desk 出纳台In circulation 已经借出 Reference desk 参考书借阅台,图书馆、教科书、书店场景,Rare book collection 典藏书Book reservation 订书Overdue 过期 Fine moratorium 罚金暂缓Renewal 续借Inter-library loan 馆际借阅,图书馆、教科书、书店场景,Study loung
20、e 自习室Periodical reading room 期刊阅览室Magazine binder 杂志合订本Current issue 现期杂志Back issue 过期杂志Copier/photocopier 复印机,图书馆、教科书、书店场景,教科书、书店场景词汇:Textbook 教科书Pick up the book 买书In stock 有货Out of stock 没货,图书馆、教科书、书店场景,Paper back 平装Hard back 精装Far from new/outdated绝对不新,过时Order the book 订购这本书Out of print 绝版Second
21、 hand book 二手书,第四课场景分类讲解,考试场景,场景特点:如何备考、备考资料丢失如何解决、备考中的问题、缺考、更改考试时间。,考试场景,场景词汇:Comprehensive exam 综合测试 Mid-term exam 期中考试Final exam 期末考试Placement test 入学分班测试Make up the exam 补考,考试场景,Quiz 小测验Pop quiz 随堂小测验 Go over/through these questions 复习这些问题Stay up/be up all night studying for the exam 熬夜准备考试,考试场景
22、,Exam week/period 考试周Pass the exam 考试及格Fail in the exam 考试不及格,第五课场景分类讲解,成绩场景,场景特点:成绩出问题、成绩过低如何补救、申请提前获知成绩单。,成绩场景,场景词汇:Transcript/Official grade report 成绩单Grade/mark/score 成绩Full marks 满分High mark/score 高分Perfect grade 高分,成绩场景,Low grade 低分Passing grade 及格分数Falling grade 不及格分数Straight As 全AB plus B加B
23、minus B减,宿舍场景,场景特点:室友问题、宿舍布置问题、宿舍设施质量问题、宿舍维修问题。,宿舍场景,场景词汇:Roommate 室友Messy/chaotic 脏乱的Vacuum cleaner 吸尘器Rug cleaner 地毯清洁剂Mop 拖地,宿舍场景,Dust bin/ash bin 垃圾箱Spacious/roomy 宽敞的Cramped 拥挤的Tiny place 地方小Storage space 储物间Sofa 沙发,宿舍场景,Cabinet 橱柜Closet 壁橱Cupboard 碗橱Bookcase/bookshelf 书架Framed posters 带框的装饰画Pa
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