《情态动词讲解》PPT课件.ppt

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1、一、动词分类：四种二、情态动词特点1.情态动词不受主语（单复数人称）影响。2.情态动词+动词原形做谓语。特例：oughtto+动词原形haveto+动词原形3.否定式：情态动词+not+动词原形 疑问式：情态动词+主语+动词原形?4.情态动词的基本要求：1）有哪些？2）基本意义和特殊用法。,三、情态动词巧妙记忆,(一)原形和一般过去式1.cancould2.maymight 3.shallshould4.willwould 5.have(has)tohad to（二）无形式变换的1.must2.ought to,（三）既可以做情态动词又可以做实义动词的 dare，need 做题时需要分类讨论（

2、四）had better used to would rather,四、高考情态动词考点一,shall1）一，三人称，疑问句，征求对方意见或请求。2）二，三人称，陈述句,命令,警告,允诺,威胁。3）条约、法律、规章、预言等文件中，表示义务、规定。一二三人称。,2.must1）第二人称，翻译成：“偏要，硬要”2）表示推测时，只能用于肯定句。must be 现在的动作“肯定是”must be doing 现在正在进行的动作“现在肯定正在做”must have done 过去发生的事情“过去肯定做了某事”,3.can/could 1）表示推测时，主要用在否定句或疑问句中。cant becouldnt

3、 be“肯定不是”Its so late.Can Tom be reading?It cant be Mary.She has fallen ill.can/could not be doing“肯定不是正在做”can/could not have done“过去不可能做某事”I saw him just now so he couldnt have gone abroad.,2）can/could have done 用于肯定句中“本来能做”You could have had a better mark.3）-Could(Can)you?-Yes,I can(不用could)-May I

4、use your computer?-Of course you can.,4)cannot（helpchoose）but+动词原形“不得不，只能”I cannot help but tell her the truth.cannot help it“控制不住，没有办法”cannot too“无论怎样也不为过”I cannot thank you too much cannot help doing sth 禁不住做某事5）couldnt+动词原形+比较级（再不过了）It couldnt be better.I couldnt agree with you more.,4.may/might

5、1)表示推测时，用于陈述句，表示把握不大。might/may（not）do sth“现在将来可能（没）做某事”mightmay（not）be doing sth“现在可能（没）正在做”might/may have done“过去可能做了某事”。might/may not have done“过去可能没做某事”。,They may come here tomorrow.He might be doing his homework now.He might have read about the news in the newspaper.2)May+主语+动词原形。表示祝愿。祝你成功？3）may

6、might as well do sth=had better do sth“最好”You may as well stay at home tonight.,5.mustnt do 表示“不可以，绝对不能做”dont have to do 表示“没有必要做”=dont need to do=neednt do-Must I/he/?-No,you/he/neednt/dont doesnt have to.(不用mustnt)6.can do 只表示有能力be able to do 有能力并经过努力做成了某事。=manage to do=succeed in doing,7.used to

7、do 过去常常做，现在不这样了。否定式是 usednt to do 或者didnt use to do.疑问式是 used+主语 to do 或者 did+主语 use to do8.needdare1）做情态动词常用在否定句和疑问句中2）need 引起的疑问句，肯定回答用have to do 或must；否定回答用neednt 或者dont have toNeed I/he/?Yes,you/he/must.(不用need),9.will/would1）用于第二人称表请求，意志，决心，请求。would比will更委婉礼貌。If you will help me with my English

8、,I will be very happy.I promised that I would do my best.2）用于第三人称表示习惯性动作或者某种倾向。will表现在，would 表过去。On Sundays,he would get up early and go fishing.,10.should表惊异、意外等情绪,常译为“竟然”。11.“祈使句附加问句”结构，附加问句常用will you形式。Stand still,will you?12.ought to（客观看法）比should do（主观看法）语气强烈。都可表示推测（可能性很大）。ought to 的否定式是ought no

9、t to=oughtnt to 疑问式是ought+主语+to do sth13.If+主语+should,祈使句。礼貌地提出建议。If you should see him,please give him my regards.,考点一练习,1.“The interest_ be divided into five parts,according to the agreement made by both sides.”declared the judge.A.may B.should C.must D.shall2.-The room is so dirty._we clean it?-O

10、f course.A.Will B.Shall C.Would D.Do,3.-What does the sign over there read?-No person _smoke or carry a lighted cigarette，cigar or pipe in this area AwillBmayCshall D.must4.John,look at the time._ you play the piano at such a late hour？A.Must B.Can C.May D.Need5.You cant imagine that a well-behaved

11、gentleman _ be so rude to a lady.might B.need C.should D.would,考点二：情态动词+have+v-ed都是与过去行为有关,一）表示对过去发生事情的推测1.must have done 2.might/may have done 3.might/may not have done 4.can/could not have done,二）本来，却（没有).1.could have done2.ought to should have done3.ought not to should not have done4.neednt have

12、done need have done5.will have done,情态动词+have+v-ed练习,1.Mr.White _at 8：30 for the meeting，but he didnt show up.should have arrived B.should arriveC.should have had arrived D.should be arriving2.Tom took away our teachers cell phone without being permitted.Really？I cant imagine that he _ have done suc

13、h a thing.A.mustB.mayC.canD.should,3.I have lost one of my gloves.I_ it somewhere.must dropB.must have droppedC.must be droppingD.must have been dropped4.I _have been more than six years old when the accident happened.A.shouldntB.couldntC.mustnt D.neednt,5.We_have proved great adventurers，but we hav

14、e done the greatest march ever made in the past ten years.A.needntB.may notC.shouldntD.mustnt6.I stayed at a hotel while in New York.Oh,did you?Youwith Barbara.A.could have stayed B.could stayC.would stayD.must have stayed,7.The weather turned out to be fine yesterday.I_ the trouble to carry my umbr

15、ella with me.A.should have takenB.could have takenC.neednt have takenD.mustnt have taken8.He paid for a seat,when he_ have entered free.A.couldB.would C.mustD.need,9.I didnt see her in the meeting room this morning.She at the meeting.mustnt have spokenB.mightnt have spokenC.cant have spokenD.shouldn

16、t have spoken10.He didnt do well in the exam.He_ hard at his lessons.must have worked B.ought to have workedC.would have worked D.has worked,高考考题典型题目1.I thought you _like something to read,so I have brought you some books.A.may B.might C.would D.must 2.Where is my pen?I _it.A.might lose B.would have

17、 lost C.should have lost D.must have lost3.I didnt hear the phone.I _asleep A.must be B.must have been C.should be D.should have been,B,D,B,4.-There were already five people in the car,but they managed to take me as well.-It _a comfortable journey A.cant be B.shouldnt be C.mustnt have been D.couldnt

18、 have been 5.Its nearly seven oclock.Jack _be here at any moment.A.must B.need C.should D.could,D,C,6.-Did the train arrive in time?-No.It _ two hours ago.A.must have arrived B.ought to have arrivedC.must arrive D.ought to arrive7.Must I drive to his house and pick up the children?No,.A.you shouldnt

19、 B.you might not C.you neednt D.you mustnt,B,C,8.We didnt see Tom at the meeting yesterday.He it.A.mustnt have attended B.cannot have attended C.neednt have attended D.would have not attended,B,9.There is someone knocking at the door.it be Tom?A.can B.must C.should D.ought to,A,10.Two years ago,my h

20、usband bought me a bicycle.If you live in town,it is often faster than a car and you worry about parking.A.must notB.may not C.should notD.dont have to,D,11.You _ such a long composition.The teacher only asked for 300 words.You have written 600.A.mustnt have written B.couldnt have writtenC.neednt ha

21、ve written D.do not have to write,C,巩 固 练 习,1.Oh,Im not feeling well in the stomach.I _ so much fried chicken just now.A.shouldnt eat B.shouldnt have eaten C.mustnt eat D.mustnt have eaten2.-Why hasnt Jane arrived yet?-She _ again in the morning?A.shouldnt have overslept B.may have turned off the al

22、arm clockC.must have no one t o call herD.should have someone to wake her up3.-Did you go to the movie the day before yesterday?-No.We _,but we decided not to.A.should have gone B.could go C.should go D.could have gone,B,B,A,4.As it turned out to be a small house party,we _ so formally.neednt dress

23、B.didnt have to dress upC.Might not have dressed up D.neednt have dressed up5.Im rather surprised you havent reported him to your teacher.In my opinion,you _ this as soon as you found out he was cheating.must have done B.might have done C.should have done D.could have done,D,C,2.I wonder how he_that

24、 to the teacher.A.dare to say B.dare saying C.not dare say D.dared say,D,4.As it turned out to be a small house party,we _ so formally.A neednt dress B.didnt have to dress upC.Might not have dressed up D.neednt have dressed up,D,1The flower is dead.I _ it yesterday.Ashould water Bmust water Cshould

25、have watered Dmustnt have watered2What time ought I _?Aarrived Barriving Carrive Dto arrive3He _ speak to his mother like that.Aought not to Bdoesnt ought to Cnot ought to Dought to not4I dont think wed better _ it any more.Adiscuss Bdiscussing Cto discuss Ddiscussed5You ought to _ him,but you didnt.Ahelp Bhelped Chelping Dhave helped,C,D,A,A,D,