《定语从句精讲》PPT课件.ppt
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1、Revision Translate the following sentences.1.再给一小时我就能把工作完成.2.我发现他坐在椅子上,全神贯注于杂志.3.除了有趣和是好的锻炼,游泳也是一种有用的技能.,In a sports team each player has a clear role,and there are few occasions _ members are confused or uncertain of their roles.,The Attributive Clause,Grammar,修饰名词和代词的成分,Key words:,定语:,a beautiful
2、girl,a tall boy,定语从句:,修饰名词和代词的从句,This is the best film that I have seen.,定语从句,先行词,that,关系词,beautiful,tall,the best film,This is the best film that I have seen.,关系词,引导定语从句,代替先行词,在从句中担当一个成分,关系词的作用,1),2),3),Learning aims,The usage of the relative pronoun and adverb,限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别,常见考点:1.指物时只用that
3、或which 的情况2.介词+关系代词3.whose 用法及转换形式4.as 与which的区别5.指人时that 与who的区别6.如何判断用关系副词还是关系代词7.定语从句中的主谓一致问题,Revision1 the usage of the relative pronoun,who,whom,which,that,whose,the usage of the relative adverb,when,where,why,time,place,reason,adverbial,adverbial,adverbial,起限定作用。若省略,原句意义不完整。,起补充说明作用。若省略,原句意义不受
4、影响。,修饰先行词,修饰先行词/整个句子,无逗号隔开,有逗号与主句隔开,可用that,,不可用that,,Revision 2 限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别,作宾语时可以省略,不可以省略,Her brother who is now a soldier always encourages her to go to college.Her brother,who is now a soldier,always encourages her to go to college.,Revision 2 限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别,她那当兵的哥哥总是鼓励她上大学。(隐含意思:或许不
5、止一个哥哥),她哥哥是当兵的,他总是鼓励她上大学。,The book(that/which)I bought yesterday is Harry Potter and the Order of Phoenix.The book,which I bought yesterday,is Harry Potter and the Order of Phoenix.,可用that,作宾语时可以省略,不可用that,作宾语时不可以省略,我昨天买的那本书是哈里.波特与凤凰令。,1.指物时只用that或which的情况,Revision 3 难点突破,2.介词+关系代词,3.whose 用法及转换形式,4
6、.as 与which的区别,5.指人时that与who的区别,6.如何判断用关系副词还是关系代词,7.定语从句中的主谓一致问题,1.This is all _ I know about the matter.A.that B.what C.who D.whether2.Is there anything else _ you require?A.which B.that C.who D.what3.There is no dictionary _ you can use to find everything.A.that B.which C.where D.in that,考点一:只用that
7、的情况,4.He talked happily about the men and books_ interested him greatly in the school.A.which B.that C.it D.whom,6.Is oxygen the only gas _ helps fire burn?A.that B./C.which D.it,7.Which was the hotel _ was recommended to you?A.that B.which C.where D.it,5.The last place _ we visited was the Great Wa
8、ll.A.which B.that C.where D.it,1.先行词为all,little,much,everything,nothing,something,anything等不定代词,2.先行词被all,little,much,every,no,等修饰时。,3.先行词被序数词或最高级修饰,先行词前有序数词(the first),形容词最高级(the best),the last,the very,the only 等时。,4.先行词为人和物的组合5.若主句中有疑问代词 who 或者 which,为了避免重复,关系代词不要再用 who,which,而用 that。,只用that的情况:,
9、1.Jim passed the driving test,_ surprised everybody in the office.A which B that C this D it,只用which的情况:1.逗号后面 2.介词后面,2.The day _ he was born was Aug.20,1952.A on which B that C which D this,考点二:介词+关系代词,提醒:介词关系代词引导的定语从句,关键 是介词的选择.方法一:根据从句中动词与先行词习惯搭配方法二:根据从句中动词与先行词的逻辑关系,注意:关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时,从句常常由“介词+关
10、系代词”引出。此时关系代词只能用which 或 whom;不可用that 或who 代替,The man is from Beijing University.I talked about him at the meeting.,Join them into one sentence.,The man _is from Beijing University.=The man about _I talked at the meeting is from Beijing University.,whom,(who/whom/that)I talked about at the meeting,但是
11、遇到固定词组时,介词一般紧跟词组主体,不作前置。,Is this the book(which/that)you are looking for?,Filling blanks:,1.The man _ you shook hands just now is our headmaster.2.The room _ my family live used to be a garage.,with whom,in which,Eric received training in computer for one year,_he found a job in big company.07 辽宁 A.
12、after that B.after whichC.after it D.after this,The book was written in 1946,_the education system has witnessed great changes.07 山东A.when B.during whichC.since then D.since when,考点三 Whose 用法及转换形式,1.whose引导定语从句,其后应紧跟名词,构成名词短语。Thats the child whose father is a teacher.,Do you know the woman whose hus
13、band is a doctor?This is a book whose cover is green.,2.whose引导定语从句,其先行词不仅可以指人,还可以指物。,3.whose的先行词指物时,可用of which代替,但词序不同,即whose+名词=the+n.+of which=of which+the+n.,He lives in the room whose window faces south.,=He lives in the room,_ faces south.,=He lives in the room,_faces south.,the window of whic
14、h,of which the window,考点四:as与which引导的定语从句,两者均可引导非限制性定语从句,有时可以互换,但下列情况多用as。1.当与such或the same连用时,一般用as。e.g.This is such an easy question as I can answer.This is such an easy question that I can answer it.This is the same knife as I lost.This is the same knife that I lost.2.as 引导的从句可以放在句首,as 本身有“正如.正象”
15、之意,与之连用的词有 know,see,expect,announce,point out 等。e.g.As we all know,the earth is round.,1._ was natural,he married Jenny.A.Which B.That C.This D.As2.Such signs _ we use in the experiment _ Greek letters.A.as,are B.as,is C.that,are D.that,is3._has been said above,grammar is a set of dead rules.A.Which
16、 B.What C.That D.As4.We do the same work _they do.A.which B.as C.than D.like,Anyone _breaks the law is punished.Those _ break the law are punished.He _ breaks the law is punished.,在anyone,those,he/she/I/they作先行词时,用“who”代替“that”.,考点五:that 与who的区别,who,who,who,选用定语从句的关系词时,需注意两点:1.先行词2.关系词在从句中充当的成分,做主语,
17、宾语,定语用,做状语用,关系代词,关系副词,考点六:如何判断用关系副词还是关系代词?,I will never forget the day _ I first went to school.I will never forget the day_ we spent in Beijing.The house _ we visited is being repaired now.The house _ Luxun once lived is being repaired now.,when,(which/that),(which/that),where,考点七:定语从句中主谓一致问题 定语从句中
18、的动词在人称和数方面应该与它的先行词保持一致。1.I am not one who _afraid of difficulty2.Don t choose me,who _not fit for this job,is,am,3.This is one of the best books _.A.that have ever been written B.that has ever been written C.that has written D.that have written4.She is not the only one of the girls _ well in class.A
19、.which sings B.who sing C.who sings D.who to sing,1 After graduation she reached the point in her career _ she needed to decide what to do.(07 江西)A that B what C which D where 2 Later in this chapter cases will be introduced to readers _consumer complaints have resulted in changes in the law.(08 江西)
20、A where B when C who D which,在定语从句中,当先行词为point,case,stage situation,activity,race,job 等,而且从句缺状语时,通常用关系副词where引导.,1 It was along the Mississippi River _ Mark Twain spent much of his childhood.(08 天津)A how B which C that D where2 It was the Mississippi River,_ Mark Twain spent much of his childhood.A
21、how B which C that D where,定语从句与强调句的区分:强调句去掉it is/was.that后,句子仍然成立,that 在句中不充当成分。,1 They will fly to Washington,_they plan to stay for two or three days.(08 重庆)A where B there C which D when2 Tomorrow is Toms birthday.Have you got any idea _the party is to be held?(08 陕西)A what B which C that D wher
22、e3 Youd better not leave the medicine _ kids can get it.(08 山东)A even if B which C where D so that,定语从句与其它从句的区分:,1定语从句,2同位语从句,3地点状语从句。,1.通读全句,首先判断是什么句型。2.题干句如果是疑问句式,将其转化为陈述句式。3.分析从句的句子结构,在定语从句中,缺什么,就补什么:缺主或宾语,用关系代词;缺状语,用关系副词。4.注意标点符号和题干中是否存在并列连词and,but等。,解题思路,感悟真题经典,1.The road conditions there turne
23、d out to be very good,_ was more than we could expect.(08 全国)A.it B.what C.which D.that,2.Ill give you my friends home address,_ I can be reached most evenings.(08 北京卷)A.which B.when C.whom D.where,3.The man pulled out a gold watch,_were made of small diamonds.(2008陕西卷)A.the hands of whom B.whom the
24、 hands of C.which the hands of D.the hands of which,4.We went through a period _ communications were very difficult in the rural areas.(2008上海)Which B.whose C.in which D.with which,5.The Science Museum,_we visited during a recent trip to Britain,is one of Londons tourist attractions.(2008江苏卷)A.which
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