《国际贸易单据》PPT课件.ppt
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1、第四章 国际贸易单据,Documents,(一)贸易单据的作用1、象征性交货:以单据代表货物;2、托收、信用证方式下,进口人、开证行(及开证申请人)依据单据决定是否支付款项。,一、贸易单据概述,(二)贸易单据的要求1、正确:符合合同、信用证的规定;Documents presented under a credit must not appear to be inconsistent with each other.The requirement is not that the data content be identical,merely that the documents not be
2、 inconsistent.,2、完整:内容、份数齐全;Drafts,certificates,declarations,statements,transport documents and insurance documents must be dated and signed.3、及时:及时制单、及时交单;4、简明:以节省时间、减少错误风险、提高效率;5、整洁:格式、外观合格,减少涂改,(三)贸易单据的种类1、托运单据:报关单、托运单、投保单、检验申请书2、结算单据:基本单据:发票、提单、汇票、保险单附属单据:检验证明、受益人的证明、装箱单、尺码单、原产地证明等,二、结算单据的制作,(一)
3、商业发票,商业发票是卖方向买方签发的载明货物的品质、数量、包装和价格,并凭以索取货物的凭证。A commercial invoice is an accounting document by which the seller claims payment from the buyer for the value of the goods being supplied.As the core document in which detailed description of the goods can be found,the commercial invoice can be used for
4、 bookkeeping,customs clearance,and replacing the drafts in case no drafts are required.,1.商业发票(Commercial invoices),2.作用:出口人的履约证明文件;出口人和进口人记帐的依据;出口人和进口人报关纳税的依据。,3.Contents of commercial invoices,Heading BodyComplementary clause,商业发票的内容,1.首文部分发票的名称发票的抬头发票号码及日期合同号、信用证号运输方式及路线,2.本文部分唛头商品描述数量单价及总价合计,3.结
5、文部分对发票加注的各种证明签字盖章,江苏和泰股份有限公司JIANGSU HOTIY CORPOARATIONHOTIY BUILDING,50 ZHONGSHAN.,NANJING,CHINACOMMERCIAL INVOICE TO:NO:DATE:S/C NO.:L/C NO.:FROM TO BY MARKS&NO.S DESCRIPTION QUANTITY UNIT PRICE AMOUNT TOTAL:,JYSK CHANALEF SILK A/S BRIGHTBULIDING14,SKOVSGERD DK-9990 BROVET.DENMARK,A2400A/98,041021,
6、03HL21401,202-612-1068,SHANGHAI,COPENHANGEN,JYSKCOPENHAGENA24001/981-7,XMASDECORATIONS2-A152612-A15261-12-A15261-2,250BOXES40BOXES23BOXES,USD4.15/BOXUSD6.45/BOXUSD6.45/BOX,USD1,037.50USD258.00USD148.35,313BOXES,USD1,443.85,SAY US DOLLARS ONE THOUSAND FOUR HUNDERED AND FORTY THREE AND CENTS EIGHTY FI
7、VE ONLY,CIF COPENHAGEN,江苏和泰股份有限公司 JIANGSU HOTIY CORPOARATION,广银芳,SEA,Authorized signature,4.发票的种类商业发票(COMMERCIAL INVOICE)海关发票(CUSTOMS INVOICE)领事发票(CONSULAR INVOICE)又称签证发票。形式发票(PROFORMA INVOICE)厂商发票,海关发票 海关发票是根据某些进口国海关的规定,由出口商填制的一种特定格式的发票,它的作用是供进口商凭以向海关办理进口报关、纳税等手续。作用:是供进口国海关进行估价完税的依据;是供进口国海关核定货物原产地,
8、按照差别税率政策,征收不同税率关税的依据;是供进口国海关审核是否低价倾销,或接受出口国补贴,以确定是否征收反倾销税和反补贴税的依据;是供进口国海关进行海关统计的依据。,信用证中常见对于海关发票所用的名称一般有:CUSTOMS INVOICEINVOICE AND COMBINED CERTIFICATE OF VALUE AND ORIGINAPPROPRIATE CERTIFIED CUSTOMS INVOICESIGNED CERTIFICATE OF VALUE AND ORIGIN IN APPROPRIATE FORMCERTIFIED INVOICE IN ACCORDANCE W
9、ITH XXXX(进口国)CUSTOMS REGULATIONS(根据XXX国海关法令开具的诚实发票)SPECIAL CUSTOMS INVOICE 目前,要求提供海关发票的主要国家(地区)有:美国、加拿大、澳大利亚、新西兰、牙买加、加勒比共同市场国家、非洲的一些国家等。,海关发票的缮制:各国的海关发票格式不尽相同,但是内容及制作方法大同小异。如以加拿大海关发票(CANADA CUSTOMS INVOICE)为例,加拿大海关发票是指销往加拿大的出口货物(食品除外)所使用的海关发票。其栏目用英文、法文两种文字对照,内容繁多,要求每个栏目都要填写,不得留空,若不适用或无该项内容,则必须在该栏目内填
10、写“N/A”(即“NOT APPLICABLE)。,5.信用证中有关商业发票条款举例Signed Commercial Invoice in duplicate showing a deduction of USD200.00 being commission.签字商业发票一式二份,显示扣除200美元作为佣金。Signed Commercial Invoice,one original and two copies.签字商业发票,一正二副。Manually Signed Invoice in five folds certifying that goods are as per Indent
11、No.ABC567 of 03.10,2004 quoting L/C No.手签发票一式五份,并在发票上显示根据2004年3月10日合同号ABC567订立,注明信用证号码。,46A:SIGNED COMMERCIAL INVOICE IN TRIPLICATE INDICATING L/C NO.Q888 AND S/C NO.HT222 AND CERTIFYING THE GOODS ARE OF CHINESE ORIGIN.45A:SLEEPING BAGS ART NO.135 200PCS USD10.00/PC ART NO.246 300PCS USD15.00/PCCIF
12、LONDON PACKED IN CARTONS OF 10 PCS EACHSHIPING MARK ABC CORP.S/C NO.HT222 LONDON NO.1-5059:BENEFICIAR TIFERT TRADING CO.,LTD 86 ZHUJIANG ROAD,TIANJIN,CHINA50:APPLICANT ABC CORP 88 GREAT TOWER BUILDING,LONDON,UKSHIPMENT FROM TIANJIN TO LONDON BY SEACOMMERCIAL INVOICE NO.06SB005 DATED MAY 10.2006,SHIP
13、MENT FROM TIANJIN TO LONDON BY SEA,06SB005,MAY 10.2006,HT222,Q888,L/C AT SIGHT,TIFERT TRADING CO.,LTD 86,ZHUJIANG ROAD,TIANJIN,CHINA,ABC CORP88,GREAT TOWER BUILDING,LONDON,U.K.,ABC CORPS/C NO.HT222LONDONNO.1-50,SLEEPING BAG,ART NO.135 200PCS USD10.00/PC USD2000.00,CIF LONDON,ART NO.246 300PCS USD15.
14、00/PC USD4500.00,500PCS USD6500.00,PACKED IN CARTONS OF 10PCS EACH,WE HEREBY CERTIFY THAT THE GOODS ARE OF CHINESE ORIGIN,TIFERT TRADING CO.,LTD 王宏,(7)理论依据:UCP600第18条,ISBP关于审核跟单信用证项下单据的国际标准银行实务International Standard Banking Practice(ISBP)for the Examination of Documents under Documentary Credits国际商会
15、第500号出版物于1994年1月1日实施以后,由于各国的理解及各国银行审单标准的不统一,有6070的信用证在第一次交单时被认为存在不符点而遭到拒付,已严重影响了国际贸易的发展,并导致了大量争议乃至诉讼的出现。为此国际商会在2002年秋季年会上通过了“ISBP”。600实施后,ISBP也做了相应的更新!*ISBP的大部分内容是UCP没有直接规定的是对UCP的补充,而非对UCP的修订。,a.商业发票:i.必须看似由受益人出具(第三十八条规定的情形除外);ii.必须出具成以申请人为抬头(第三十八条g款规定的情形除外);iii.必须与信用证的货币相同;且iv.无须签名。SIGNEDCOMMERCIAL
16、 INVOICEMANUALLY SIGNED INVOICE,b.(一般来讲,商业发票的金额不能超过信用证允许金额。)US$50,000About US$50,000(但)按指定行事的指定银行、保兑行(如有的话)或开证行可以接受金额大于信用证允许金额的商业发票,其决定对有关各方均有约束力,只要该银行对超过信用证允许金额的部分未作承付或者议付。,信用证允许金额50,000美元发票金额应为50,000美元或以下如发票金额为60,000美元呢?通常是:合同金额60,000美元 进口人预付10,000美元 信用证金额50,000美元,c.商业发票上的货物、服务或履约行为的描述应该与信用证中的描述一致
17、。GOODS SHIPPED:COVERING(SHIPMENT OF):DESCRIPTION OF GOODS&SERVICES发票的货物描述:能多不能少,多了不矛盾巴克莱银行信用证:plumber发票上打得很详细,8寸、10寸、12寸扳手,国际商会第535号出版物中的审单实例ISBP第58条:发票中的货物描述必须与信用证规定的一致,但并不要求如同镜子反射那样一致。如:货物细节可在发票中的若干地方表示,当合并在一起时与信用证规定一致即可。如果贸易术语是信用证中货物描述的一部分,或与货物金额联系在一起表示,则发票必须显示信用证指明的贸易术语,而且如果货物描述提供了贸易术语的来源,则发票必须表
18、明相同的来源。,而在所有其他单据中,货物的描述可使用统称,但不得与信用证中货物的描述有抵触。COVERING:Televisions,VCRs,Video Recorders and spare parts of Japanese origin and 10,000 VHS cassettes of Chinese origin INCOTERMS 1990提单:Residential Electronic AppliancesTelevisions,VCRs,Video Recorders,spare parts and VHS cassettes,实际制作ISBP第57条:当信用证要求提交
19、商业发票时,标为“发票”的单据是可以接受的。600第14条j款:当受益人和申请人的地址出现在任何规定的单据中时,无须与信用证或其他规定单据中所载相同,但须与信用证中规定的相应地址同在一国。联络细节(传真、电话、电子邮件及类似细节)作为受益人和申请人地址的一部分时将被不予理会。,信用证的发票条款:1 commercial invoice in 2 showing 3.1.签署方式如:a)/b)signed c)manually signed2.份数如:a)in 4 originals b)in 2 originals and 2 copies3.加注要求如:a)S/C No.and date b
20、)”5%commission has been deducted”,Frequently found discrepancies with invoices,The maker of the invoice is not the beneficiary of the credit.The buyers name is not identical to the applicant of the credit.The description of goods is not consistent with that in the credit.The quantity of the goods is
21、 not within the permitted leeway.The total amount of the invoice exceeds that of the credit or not in the permitted leeway.The unit price is not in the permitted leeway.There is no breakdown of charges,if specified in the credit,or not correct.No signature but required.Insufficient number of copies.
22、Partial shipment,when forbidden by the credit.,(二)运输单据 UCP600运输单据的种类和名称,一.提单的定义 海洋/海运提单(简称提单)是指一种证明海上运输合同和货物已经由承运人接管或者装船,以及承运人保证据以交付货物的单证。,注意:托运货物并获取海运提单的一般程序:a.托运人发托运单,订舱位;b.承运人如能配船配舱,签发S/O,要求把货送指定仓库;c.托运人报关后将S/O交承运人,装船;d.承运人签发大副收据;e.托运人缮制并提交提单,交运费;f.承运人审核提单,接受后签发提单。,(1)作用:*货物收据(Receipt of goods);*
23、运输合同的证明(Evidence of the contract of carriage);*物权凭证(Document of the title of the goods)。*RED,59:BENEFICIARY:TIFERT TRADING CO.,LTD 86,ZHUJIANG ROAD,TIANJIN,CHINA50:APPLICANT:ABC CORP 88,GREAT TOWER BUILDING,LONDON,U.K.44A:LOADING ON BOARD/DISPATCH/TAKING IN CHARGE AT/FROM TIANJIN44B:FOR TRANSPORTATI
24、ON TO LONDON44C:NOT LATER THAN 31ST MAY,200645A:DESCRIPTION OF GOODS/SERVICE SLEEPING BAGS ART NO.135 200PCS USD10.00/PC CIF LONDON ART NO.246 300PCS USD15.00/PC PACKING IN CARTONS OF 10PCS EACH SHIPPING MARKS:ABC CORP S/C NO.HT222 LONDON NO.1-5046A:DOCUMENTS REQUIRED+FULL SET CLEAN ON BOARD BILL OF
25、 LADING MADE OUT TO ORDER AND BLANK ENDORSED,MARKED FREIGHT PREPAID AND NOTIFY THE APPLICANT补充信息:BL NO.06MOSK050;装船日期 MAY 20,2006;船名航次 SHUNFENG V55;毛重 1000KGS;体积 15CBM;,TIFERT TRADING CO.,LTD 86,ZHUJIANG ROAD,TIANJIN,CHINA,TO ORDER,ABC CORP88,GREAT TOWER BUILDING,LONDON,U.K.,SHUNFENG V.55,TIANJIN,LO
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