《句子的英译》PPT课件.ppt

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1、Chinese-English TranslationTheory and Practice,4.1 主语的确定4.2 谓语的确定与主谓一致问题4.3 语序的调整4.4 否定句的英译4.5 句子功能的再现,第四章 句子的英译,目录,第1章 绪论 2学时第2章 汉英翻译基础知识 4学时第3章 词语的英译 6学时第4章 句子的英译 6学时第5章 句群与段落的英译 2学时第6章 篇章的英译 6学时第7章 自编翻译专题 4学时,4.1 主语的确定4.2 谓语的确定与主谓一致问题4.3 语序的调整4.4 否定句的英译4.5 句子功能的再现,第四章 句子的英译,否定句：对事物作出否定判断的句子，叫否定句。

2、,4.4 否定句的英译,我不喜欢这本书。你这样说毫无道理。你得赶紧走，否则会迟到。,4.4 否定句的英译,汉语否定句一般分为两类：单重否定句（只有一个否定词）双重否定句（有两个否定词）,4.4 否定句的英译,你别不知好歹。连我都听说了，你不会还不知道吧！你不能不让人乐于为你而生，勇于为你而死，为了你而奋发前进!,4.4 否定句的英译,英语表达否定概念通常有两种手段：词汇手段：No,not,never;Hardly,rarely,seldom,barelyNo-,non-,in-,dis-,un-,im-,4.4 否定句的英译,英语表达否定概念通常有两种手段：2.句法手段：Other than;

3、rather than;would rather than;tooto,4.4 否定句的英译,Hes too young to take care of himself.他年龄太小，照顾不了自己。He said hed be damned if hed stop.他说他要放手就不是人。Catch me doing that.我才不会干那种事呢。,4.4 否定句的英译,汉语否定句译成英语时，多半以否定形式表达。我认为他不够格。I dont think he is qualified.,译成英语的否定句,2.因此，在你取得成绩时，不要抱怨他人对你的攻击。So when you succeed in

4、 something,dont complain against any possible attack you may encounter.,译成英语的否定句,3.水淀里没有一个人影，只有一团白绸子样的水鸟，也躲开鬼子往北飞，落到大荷叶下面歇凉去了。No one else was in sight.Only a flock of silky white water-fowl flew off to the north away from the Japanese soldiers,alighting to rest in the shade of big lotus leaves.,译成英语

5、的否定句,4.(与此同时，上海人也清醒地认识到,)不能沾沾自喜以“老大”自居。In no way should they become complacent and pose as No.1 in the country.,译成英语的否定句,5.人民军队离不开人民，就像鱼儿离不开水一样。The people is to the peoples army what water is to fish.,4.4.2 译成英语的肯定句,6.密云水库。远山叠翠，绿波万顷，和我记忆中的太湖不相上下。The Miyun Reservoir with its vast area of green waves

6、and row upon row of verdant mountains in the distance can be equally matched with the Taihu Lake in my memory.,4.4.2 译成英语的肯定句,7.我年轻的日子已经一去不返。Gone are the days when I was young.,4.4.2 译成英语的肯定句,8.谅你不敢再这么干。Do that again if you dare.,4.4.2 译成英语的肯定句,9.你借钱给那个无赖，不啻把钱丢在海里。You might as well throw your money

7、into the sea as lend it to that rascal.,4.4.2 译成英语的肯定句,10.女孩儿未出嫁，是颗无价珠宝。A girl before marriage is a precious pearl.,4.4.2 译成英语的肯定句,11.名不正则言不顺，言不顺则事不成。If language is incorrect,then what is said does not concord with what was meant;and if what is said does not concord with what was meant,what is to be

8、 done cannot be effected.,4.4.3 将汉语的双重否定译成英语的双重否定,12.我想，希望本无所谓有，无所谓无。I thought:hope cannot be said to exist,nor can it be said not to exist.,4.4.3 将汉语的双重否定译成英语的双重否定,13.不看秦始皇兵马俑，不算真正到过中国。A traveler who has not seen the Qin Dynasty terra cotta figures cannot claim to be have visited China.No one who h

9、as not seen the Qin Dynasty terra cotta figures can claim to have visited China,4.4.3 将汉语的双重否定译成英语的双重否定,14.他在这上面费了很多力。He took no little pain over it.,4.4.4 将汉语的肯定句译成英语的否定句,15.他依旧保留着他的诚实和素朴。这诚实，这素朴，却是多年来一直为我所钦佩和赞赏的。He kept up his simplicity and honesty,the simplicity and honesty from which I had neve

10、r swerved in approval and admiration.,4.4.4 将汉语的肯定句译成英语的否定句,16.直到喷气发动机发明以后，飞机才能以超音速的速度飞行。Not until the invention of the jet engine could airplanes travel at supersonic speeds.,4.4.4 将汉语的肯定句译成英语的否定句,17.智者千虑，必有一失。Even the wise are not always free from errors.,4.4.4 将汉语的肯定句译成英语的否定句,句子的功能：指句子的交际功能，即句子的用

11、途。,4.5 句子功能的再现,陈述句：传达信息而具有信息功能祈使句疑问句：具有互换功能感叹句：具有表情功能,4.5 句子功能的再现,你讲的太快了。（陈述句）你能讲慢一点吗？（疑问句）请讲慢一点。（祈使句）你讲的真快！（感叹句）,4.5 句子功能的再现,窗前有棵老榆树，榆钱儿正密，一串串在枝上垂着，有几只刚出巢的蜜蜂，围着榆枝乱飞，不住的嗡嗡的叫着。An old elm before the house was hung with thick clusters of seeds and some bees just out of the hive were flying round it,kee

12、ping up a continuous hum.,4.5.1 陈述句功能的再现,有疑而问的疑问句：呼唤功能无疑而问的疑问句：表情功能,4.5.2 疑问句功能的再现,记者问：“2008年奥运会点燃圣火的时候，您会在开幕式现场吗？”何振梁回答说：“只要我的身体还行，我一定去开幕式的。”“When the holy fire of the Olympic Games of 2008 is lit,will you be at the scene of the opening ceremony?”asked a reporter.“If my physical condition permits,I

13、 will definitely be there.”,4.5.2 疑问句功能的再现,可秋天又有什么可伤感的呢？秋天不是成熟的季节吗？But why gloomy about autumn?Isnt it the season of maturity?,4.5.2 疑问句功能的再现,当我对着旧的照片和书信沉思、垂泪或微笑的时候，请不要打扰我。Dont disturb me,my dear,when I get nostalgic over some old photos or letters that bring tears to my eyes or smiles on my lips.,4.5.3 祈使句功能的再现,但我不能放歌，悄悄是别离的笙箫夏虫也为我沉默，沉默是今晚的康桥！But I cannot sing aloud:Quietness is my farewell music;Even summer insects keep silence for me:Silent is the Cambridge tonight!,4.5.4 感叹句功能的再现,别出声！Silence!别做梦了！Youre daydreaming!你在做梦吧？Youre daydreaming!,4.5.5 语气与交际功能不一致的句子的英译,