《PCOS诊治进展》PPT课件.ppt
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1、多囊卵巢综合症诊治进展Polycystic Ovary Syndrome(PCOS)-Progress in Diagnosis and Therapy,浙江大学医学院附属妇产科医院朱小明,授课提纲,PCOS概念及相关进展PCOS发病机制及相关进展PCOS诊断标准及相关进展PCOS鉴别诊断及相关进展PCOS治疗及相关进展,PCOS概念-1,A syndrome of ovarian dysfunction Along with the cardinal features hyperandrogenism(HA)polycystic ovary(PCO)morphology.Its clinic
2、al manifestations include:menstrual irregularities,signs of androgen excessand obesity.IR and elevated serum LH levels are also common features.Associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular events.The 2003 Rotterdam consensus workshop,多囊卵巢综合症的概念-2,The conditionthat have a m
3、ajor effect throughout lifeon the reproductive,metabolic,and cardiovascular health.Simplified by Ehrmann DA in N Engl J Med 2005;352:1223,PCOS病理生理特点-1,A syndrome of ovarian dysfunction Along with the cardinal features hyperandrogenism(HA)polycystic ovary(PCO)morphology.Its clinical manifestations in
4、clude:menstrual irregularities,signs of androgen excessand obesity.IR and elevated serum LH levels are also common features.Associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular events.The 2003 Rotterdam consensus workshop,PCOS病理生理特点-2,The conditionthat have a major effect througho
5、ut lifeon the reproductive,metabolic,and cardiovascular health.Simplified by Ehrmann DA in N Engl J Med 2005;352:1223,授课提纲,PCOS概念及相关进展PCOS发病机制及相关进展PCOS诊断标准及相关进展PCOS鉴别诊断及相关进展PCOS治疗及相关进展,PCOS发病机制及相关进展,未完全阐明遗传学背景:相关基因多态性易感性!发育源性:表观遗传修饰/基因调控异常新!内分泌紊乱:下丘脑-垂体-卵巢轴功能/糖脂代谢紊乱经典/主流!,PCOS发病机制及相关进展-遗传学背景方面,家族聚集性
6、发现70 多种相关基因(多态性),包括:与性激素代谢相关的基因:SHBG 基因、CYP11A基因、AR基因等影响胰岛素分泌及肥胖的基因:INS基因、INS-R基因等,PCOS发病机制及相关进展-发育源性学说,PCOS糖尿病心血管病,?,宫内发育,分娩,成年,“胎儿源性成人疾病”学说(Barker 1996)公认“健康与疾病发育起源”学说(Gluckman 2007)公认“胚胎源性成人疾病”假说(Motrenko 2010)论证阶段,PCOS内分泌发病机制,PCOS内分泌发病机制要点,下丘脑-垂体-卵巢功能失调LH分泌增加、LH/FSH异常升高雄激素生成分泌增加 高雄激素血症卵泡生长受抑、无排卵
7、多囊卵巢男性化表现、月经不调、不孕、子宫内膜病变Insulin抵抗(IR)和高Insulin血症(HI)雄激素生成分泌增加 高雄激素血症肝SHBG合成下降 高雄激素血症肥胖、糖尿病、心血管病风险增加,胰岛素抵抗和高胰岛素血症,胰岛素抵抗(Insulin Resistance,IR)是外周组织对INS敏感性和反应性降低,使INS的生物学作用低于正常;客观表现为FFA增多,糖异生增加,空腹或餐后血糖升高,INS分泌代偿性增加(高胰岛素血症,Insulinemia)。IR的形成有INS本身的缺陷(如INS基因突变、自身抗体、降解加速等),有INS-R缺陷(如INS-R等位基因突变、自身抗体等),也有
8、受体后缺陷(如信号传递系统异常等)。IR和Insulinemia 是PCOS重要的病理生理改变和重要特征,是发展动脉硬化的危险因素;,高雄激素血症与胰岛素抵抗/高胰岛素血症,前者不是后者的原因;后者可导致前者;合并时治疗以后者优先、为主;,授课提纲,PCOS概念及相关进展PCOS发病机制及相关进展PCOS诊断标准及相关进展PCOS鉴别诊断及相关进展PCOS治疗及相关进展,PCOS临床表现,青春期发病;提前衰老;月经与排卵的异常-月经稀发/闭经、不排卵、出血;高雄激素血症-多毛、痤疮、脱发、皮脂溢、男性化;不孕;卵巢多囊性变(PCO)多样的、多系统的慢性内分泌疾病 代谢综合症糖尿病;肥胖(305
9、0%)、高脂血症、溢乳、心血管病;黑棘皮综合症550%,是中重度IR的非特异标志;,高雄激素血症临床表现,多毛、痤疮、脱发、皮脂溢;月经稀发/闭经、不排卵、不孕;肥胖、溢乳;PCO;其它男性化体征,如肌肉发达、乳房萎缩、声音低沉、出现喉结、阴蒂增大(根部横径1cm)等。,PCOS实验室检查,高雄激素血症(HA)-3075%;LH、LH/FSH比例异常;SHBG;慢性高Insulin血症(HI);IGT或DM2040%;其它:PRL、TG、TCH、LDL、FFA、HDL等;,PCOS的诊断标准,The 2003 Rotterdam consensus workshop,PCOS的诊断标准注解-1
10、,有关Oligo-or anovulationOligo-ovulation oligo-menorrheaFewer than nine menses per yearOr menstrual cycle 35 daysAnovulation amenorrheaLead to dysfunctional uterine bleeding and subfertility,PCOS的诊断标准注解-2,有关Hyperandrogenism/Hyperandrogenemia Hyperandrogenism Clinical signs of androgen excessHirsutism,
11、acne,and androgenic alopeciaHyperandrogenemia Biochemical signs of androgen excessElevated levels of circulating androgens,PCOS的诊断标准注解-3,有关Polycystic ovariesSigns under ultrasonography切面中卵泡数10个,直径28mm;有/或卵巢间质回声过强Not necessary and might not a PCOS!,PCOS的诊断标准注解-4,PCOS相关病情的评估和诊断Insulin resistance(IR),h
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