Translationofidioms英语习.ppt
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1、Chapter Fifteen,Translation of Idioms,Idiom,Definition An idiom is an expression,word,orphrasethat has afigurativemeaningthat is comprehended in regard to a common use of that expression that is separate from theliteralmeaning ordefinitionof the words of which it is made.,Idiom,Feature Culturally re
2、lative:An idiom is generally acolloquialmetaphora term requiring some foundational knowledge,information,or experience,to use only within aculture,where conversational parties must possess common cultural references.Therefore,idioms are not considered part of the language,but part of the culture.,Id
3、iom,An idiom is an expression not readily analyzable from its grammatical construction or from the meaning of its component parts.It is the part of the distinctive form or construction of a particular language that has a specific form or style present only in that language.(New International Webster
4、s Collegiate Dictionary)An idiom is an expression whose meaning is not predictable from the usual grammatical rules of a language or from the usual meanings of its constituent elements.(Random House Websters College Dictionary),Translation of idiom,Foreignizing translation:retaining the cultural fla
5、vors of the SLenables the reader to have an alien reading experiencedeveloping the readers awareness of cultural differenceDomesticating translation:minimizes the foreignness of the SL text by changing the heterogeneous elements into what is familiar to the TL text,异化:主张直译原文的语言形式(即便这种语言形式不完全切合译语习惯),
6、保留构成原语言的文化因子(主要是形象)。归化:主张以纯熟地道的译语和相关联的文化因子进行翻译。,Translation of idiom(C-E),Foreignizing translation剖腹藏珠 出自资治通鉴唐纪太宗贞观元年:“吾闻西域贾胡得美珠,剖身以藏之,有诸?”rip open the stomach and hide a pearlsacrifice life for money你自己手里拿着这个,岂不好?明儿再送来。就失了手也有限的,怎么忽然又变出这“剖腹藏珠”的脾气来!(红楼梦)译文:Wouldnt that be better?You can send it back
7、later.And even if want to“cut open your stomach to hide a pearl”?,明枪易躲,暗箭难防译文:It is easy to dodge a spear in the open,but hard to guard against an arrow shot from hiding.城门失火,殃及池鱼译文:A fire on city wall brings disaster to the fish in the moat.路遥知马力,日久见人心译文:As a long road tests a horses strength,so a
8、long task proves a persons heart.,初生牛犊不怕虎译文:New-born calves make little of tigers.口蜜腹剑译文:to be honey-mouthed and dagger-hearted声东击西译文:to shout in the east and strike in the west望梅止渴译文:quench ones thirsty by thinking of plums画饼充饥译文:to draw cakes to allay hunger,刻骨铭心译文:to be engraved on ones heart and
9、 bones引狼入室译文:to lead a wolf into the house重见天日译文:to see the daylight again 百川归海译文:All rivers flow into the sea.,所以这李纨虽青春丧偶,且处在膏梁锦绣之中,竟如“槁木死灰”一般,一概不问,(红楼梦)译文:So this young widow living in the lap of luxury was no better off than withered wood or cold ashes,taking no interest in the outside world.,他一家
10、子在这儿,他的房子、地在这儿,他跑?跑得了和尚跑不了庙。(周立波:暴风骤雨)译文:Escape?But his home and property cant escape.The monk may run away,but the temple cant run with him.咳!这一来,竹篮子打水一场空了。(梁斌:红旗谱)译文:Ah!We were drawing water in a bamboo basket.,Foreignizing translation or domesticating translation?,一个汉语的习语,有其含义大致相近的英语习语,顺手牵羊,便可作归化
11、英译;反之,若做直译,保留其文化因素,作异化处理,也未尝不可。何去何从,令人犹豫。,竭泽而渔:to drain a pond to catch all the fish(异化)kill the goose that lays the golden eggs(归化)打草惊蛇:to stir up the grass and alert the snake(异化)wake up a sleeping dog(归化)易如反掌:to be as easy as turning over ones hand(异化)as easy as falling off a log(归化),雪中送炭:to send
12、 charcoal in snowy weather(异化)to help a lame dog over a stile(归化)守口如瓶:to keep ones mouth closed like a bottle(异化)to keep a still tongue in ones head(归化)掌上明珠:a pearl in the palm(异化)the apple of ones eye(归化),小结,归化?异化?其实质是直译与意译,是形式与内容的矛盾。“Not only the equivalence content of message,but,in so far as pos
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