RCT文献质量评价.ppt
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1、RCT文献质量评价,严格文献评价 证据的质量,Meta-分析的基本步骤,提出问题,制定研究计划 检索资料选择符合纳入标准的研究纳入研究的质量评价提取纳入文献的数据信息资料的统计学处理敏感性分析形成结果报告,Tools for assessing quality and risk of bias,Scales(评分),in which various components of quality are scored and combined to give a summary score;Checklists(清单、分类),in which specific questions are aske
2、d,Cochrane handbook5_0_1第八章:Table 8.5.c:Criteria for judging risk of bias in the Risk of bias assessment tool,Assessment of risk of bias,Sequence generation(随机分配方案产生)Allocation concealment(分配方案隐藏)Blinding(盲法)Incomplete outcome data(结果数据不完整)Selective outcome reporting(选择性报告结果)Other bias(其它影响真实性因素:无其它
3、偏倚),For each entry,an answer Yes indicates a low risk of bias,and an answer No indicates high risk of bias,and Unclear indicates unclear or unknown risk of bias.,(1)Was the allocation sequence adequately generated?,Low risk of bias:a random component in the sequence generation process was reported.H
4、igh risk of bias:a non-random component in the sequence generation process was reported.Uncertain risk of bias:insufficient information about the sequence generation process to permit judgment of Yes or No.,(1)随机分配方案产生,正确:采用随机数字表、计算机产生随机数字、抛硬币、掷骰子或抽签等方法不正确:按患者生日、住院日或住院号等的末尾数字的奇数或偶数交替分配方法;或者根据医生、患者、实
5、验检查结果或干预措施的可获得性分配患者入组不清楚:根据干预措施的可获得性文中信息不详,难以判断正确与否,(2)Was allocation adequately concealed?,Low risk of bias:concealed allocation was completed by clearly described methods so that either participants or investigators could not foresee assignment.High risk of bias:participants or investigators enrol
6、ling participants could possibly foresee assignmentsUncertain risk of bias:insufficient information to permit judgment of Yes or No of concealment,(2)分配方案隐藏,完善:中心随机,包括采用电话、网络和药房控制的随机按顺序编号或编码的相同容器按顺序编码、密封、不透光的信封不完善:公开随机分配序列如列出随机数字未密封、透光或未按顺序编号的信封交替分配根据住院号、生日等末尾数字的奇数或偶数不清楚:未提及分配方案隐藏提供的信息不能判断是否完善,如使用信封
7、,但未描述是否按顺序编码、密封、不透光,随机分配方案的隐藏,随机分配受试对象的过程中,受试对象和选择合格受试对象的研究人员不能预先知道随后的分配方案,目的在于防止选择性偏倚未隐藏分配方案或分配方案隐藏不完善的试验,常常夸大治疗效果(3041),(3)Was knowledge of the allocated intervention(s)adequately prevented during the study?(Blinding?),Low risk of bias:blinding of participants and key study personnel,or the outcom
8、e measurement was not likely to be influenced by lack of blinding;High risk of bias:no blinding of participants and key study personnel,or the outcome measurement was likely to be influenced by lack of blindingUncertain risk of bias:insufficient information to permit judgment of Yes or No of blindin
9、g,盲法(Blindness),临床试验中,试验的研究者或受试者,都不知道试验对象的分配情况,即不知道受试对象在试验组还是对照组,接受的是试验措施还是对照措施。盲法主要用于研究措施的实施者、结果测量,也可用于资料分析和报告目的:避免测量性偏倚,盲法的分类,单盲(Singleblind):只是受试对象不知道他们是在试验组或对照组。检验人员、病理医师等不知道受试对象的诊断情况也属于单盲。双盲(Double-blind):受试对象和试验措施实施者双方都不知道干预措施分组情况。三盲(Triple-blind):受试对象、研究者和资料分析或报告者都不知道受试对象分配在哪一组和接受哪一种干预措施。,不能把
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