2017中考英语题型专项二 单项选择.ppt

《2017中考英语题型专项二 单项选择.ppt》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《2017中考英语题型专项二 单项选择.ppt（151页珍藏版）》请在三一办公上搜索。

1、2017中考英语题型专项训练二,单项选择,中考英语单项选择分析,单项填空这个题型容量大，涉及到语音、词汇、语法、习语、日常用语和习惯表达法等语言知识，范围广，是对学生掌握英语基本知识和基本技能功底即语言运用能力的检测，一般分值为25分，所占比例为21%，较为重要。要做好单项选择的基本条件是：1.从考生本人来说，应有扎实的英语基础知识功底，要有丰富的词汇、习惯用语和句型知识。2.从做题来说，一方面要有认真仔细的态度，另一方面要注意积累解题技巧，做到从语义和语法两个方面来考虑，要善于寻找信息词，对题目进行分析、理解，从中选出最佳答案。3.从英语是一种语言工具来说，要从注重英语语法和单纯的语言测试转

2、变到要注重语境和对语言的理解和运用上来。4.从英语新课程标准的要求来说，要讲究各方面素质的培养，善于与其它学科相结合，能联系新形势、新热点，与时俱进，具有创新意识。,一、分析历年的中考题，可以发现，单项选择 从三个方面出题。1.词性：名词、冠词、数词、介词、连词、代词、动词、形容词和副词等九类词性 2.句法类 3.情景交际,1.语法专项分析2.情景交际分析3.学科渗透分析4.热点分析,中考出题预测分析,二、本节课从以下四个 方面来分析中考单项选择题：,怎样解答单选题？,Step 1 读,Step 2 排,Step 3 选,Step 4 验,Step 1 阅读审题 首先要默读试题中的英语句子，了

3、解空格在句中所处的位置，句子缺少什么成份，初步确定一个答案的范围。根据备选答案二者结合起来就会大致明白考查什么。,Step 2观察排除 这是一个快速而又严密的思维过程。要求将试题中所提供的条件和备选答案的情况结合起来去分析、推理、排除那些明显不符合试题，甚至本身就有错的各选项目，再在剩余的备选中比较分析。,Step 3选择判断 在分析句子和备选答案的基础上，经过反复验证，选出一个使句子语法正确、语意通顺，符合逻辑道理的答案。,Step 4复查验证 将所选答案放在句中空格处再默读全句。首先看是否顺口，再在读法、意思和逻辑关系上推敲一下，完全符合条件则可放心。,根据语感立即确定答案。有些单选题，简

4、单易懂，仅仅考查语言点，考生往往凭已掌握的知识和语感能够直接选定正确答案。如：We often have sports after class，and I like to play _ basketball.a B.an C.the D.不填解 析：本题考查冠词的用法，根据词组“play basketball”，中间无冠词，直接选答案 D.,方法一：直接法,play _ basketball,1)-What are you going to do,Jane?-Oh,my mother asks me _ some food for supper.A.buy B.to buy C.buys D.

5、buying2)We have worked for three hours.Now lets stop _ a rest.A.had B.have C.to have D.having3)This is a big class and _ of the students are girls.A.two third B.second three C.two thirds D.two three4)Ive had enough bread,would you like _.A.few more B.one more C.another more D.some more5)He has faile

6、d several times,but he wont _ A.go on B.come on C.get up D.give up,B,C,C,D,D,此法主要用于较简单的试题，但必须要求对基本知识点，语法点熟练掌握。,许多题目都有一些关键词，它们对于快速而准确地判断出答案起着至关重要的作用。找到句中的关键词，也就找到了解题的突破口。,方法二：关键词法,-Is Wei Fang good at singing?-Yes,she is.We often hear her _ in the next room.A.to sing B.sings C.sing D.singing,often,he

7、ar,hear sb do(经常或做过)doing（正在做）,The boy was seen _ into the house and go upstairs an hour ago.A.to enterB.entering C.to walk D.walking,be noticed/heard/seen/made to do(被动),notice/hear/see/make sb do(主动),seen,1.He has never been to Beijing before,_?A.has he B.hasnt he C.did he D.does he 2.-What did yo

8、u see,Mary?I saw a lot of trees on _ of the lake.A.either side B.all sides C.both sides D.other sides3.We have got two TV set,but _ works well.A.any B.both C.neither D.either 4.It_ ten years since we last _ in Beijing.A.was,met B.has been,met C.was,meet D.is,meet,A,B,C,B,在对四个选项难以确定的情况下，考生可以采取逐个排除法，把

9、没有被排除的答案定为正确答案。,方法三：排除法,Wheres Lucy?Im not sure.She _ in the library.A.maybe B.must be C.may be D.may,句中没有谓语动词,情态动词+动原,The young man was caught for murder because he killed _ girl.A a 8-years-old B an 8-years-oldC an 8-year-old D a 8-year-old,冠-形-名，去？加？,复合形容词,8eight 前用 an,1）Could you tell me_?A who

10、is that man B how much it costs to fly to Beijing C why is he crying so sadly D whether has he arrived 2)Remember,boys and girls _ you work,_ result you will get.A The better,the harder B The harder,the better C The hard,the better D The harder,the good 3)I usually have milk and bread for supper.-_.

11、A So have I B So do I C I have to D I do so 4)I asked you _ next。A what shall we do B we should do what C what should we do D what we should do,B,B,D,B,有些单选题不能很快确定答案，必须对其时态、语态及同义词等方面进行比较，最后选出答案。,方法四：比较法,Hes never heard to sing songs,_?_.He once took the first place in a big singing competition in ou

12、r school.A.has he;Yes B.hasnt he;No C.is he;Yes D.isnt he;No,前肯后否，前否后肯,is he,Yes,_ enjoyable it is to travel by air!_.,“形容词”时感叹词是应用how 去掉 C、D,做飞机去旅行多愉快啊！,So it is.正装（陈述句语序）是表示对前者的肯定，意思是：“它的确是的，果真是的”。So is it.倒装（一般疑问句语序）是表示另外的人和事有相同的情况,意思是：“它也是。”,是的。,A.How,So is it,B.,C.What,So is it,D.What So it is,

13、So it is,B,How,例：我这周末做作业很认真。,I did my homework carefully this weekend.,So you did.,是的，不错，你是认真的。,你的同班同学们也是认真的。,So did your classmates.,So+主+助动词.,So+助动词+主,我,你,你的同班同学们,-Would your younger brother go for a picnic this Sunday?-If I dont go,_.A.so does he B.so he will C.neither will he D.neither does he,d

14、ont,引导词应该是 neither或nor,If,主句用一般将来词，if 引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时表示，比较 C、D 两个选项，正确答案应为 C.,1)Whos the woman over there?She is a _A.teacher B.a friend of mine C.a famous actress D.fourteen years old2)Could you tell me when Tom_ here？got to B.arrived in C.reached D.reached to,B,C,有些题目的选项，从语法上判断答案不只一个，这时可以通过逻辑推理的方法

15、得出正确答案。如：There are _ people in the street because it is almost midnight.A.a few B.few C.a little D.little,方法五：逻辑推理法,people,because it is almost midnight,people为可数名词,a few 和 few 都可修饰 people，此题的意思：“因为时间几乎是半夜了，所以街上几乎没有人。”若选A，不合逻辑，所以，只有 B 是正确的。,1.-Which would you like,coffee or milk?-_,I just want to ha

16、ve some hot water.A.Either B.Both C.Neither D.All.-Tom didnt go to schoo this morning,didnt he?-_,though he didnt feel well.A.Yes,he did B.No,he did C.Yes,he didnt D.No,he didnt,C,A,有的单选题应根据固定搭配和习惯用语选正确答案.1.-Do the dishes,John,or I will tell Mum.-Mind your own_,Lily.A.matter B.event C.choice D.busin

17、ess2.The teacher asked angrily,Whats your _ for being late this time,John?Did your bike break down on your way a fifth time?idea B.mind C.excuse D.result,方法六：固定搭配判断法,忠告：要有解题痕迹。把句中的关键信息或暗示信息圈起来，根据这些信息或上下文排除选项中的A、B、C或D，并要在上面划掉，这样一目了然，在答题卡上涂时就不会出错了。10道选择题要做到一次为准，一定要细心，难题目读2遍后开始答题，注意“陷阱”。尽量用排除法来解题。,1)-W

18、hat are you going to do,Jane?-Oh,my mother asks me _ some food for supper.A buy B to buy C buys D buying2)We have worked for three hours.Now lets stop _a rest.A had B have C to have D having,ask sb to do sth 叫某人做某事,stop to do sth 停下来,3)We have got two TV sets,but _ works well.A.any B.both C neither

19、D either 4)It_ ten years since we last _ in Beijing.A was,met B has been,met C was,meet D is,meet,is,常见陷阱,单项选择题考查准确而灵活的运用语法知识的能力和在语境中进行交际的能力，因此，答题时应该随机应变，灵活作答。以下是常见的陷阱类型。,陷阱一：利用固定词语或固定搭配干扰选项。如,1）Ma Yun said he would prefer _ more attention to helping the poor children in Chinas poor areas in the fut

20、ure.A.paying B.paid C.to pay D.pay,prefer,1）There is a lot _ vegetables in the supermarket this week than last week.A.of B.many C.much D.more 2)-Would you like some tea?Yes,I prefer tea_ sugar.A.to B.for C.with D.of,C,D,陷阱二：省略句子成分，干扰选项。,1）-What do you think made the little girl so happy?-_ a new dre

21、ss.A.Because she bought B.BuyingC.Because of buying D.As she bought,made the little girl so happy.,陷阱三：套用某种句型，干扰固定搭配。,When he went to see the doctor,he was told not only _to bed early,but also _ more exercises.A go,do B going,doing C to go,to do D went,did,not only,but also,陷阱四：利用汉语思维，干扰选项。,1)The pr

22、ice of gold is _ than before.A.expensive B.more expensive C.high D.higher.,than,东西用贵贱（expensive/cheap）价格用高低（high/low）,陷阱五：导致时态误用，干扰选项。,1）I dont know if he _here,I will tell you if he _.A comes,comes B will come,comes C comes,will come D will come,will come,1.We will have a meeting as soon as he _.A.

23、reaches B.will arrive C.arrives D.will reach 2.You cant pass the test next term unless you _ hard.A.will study B.study C.has studied D.are studying 3.-Mum,when all we go out?-As long as your homework_ A.will finish B.has finished C.is finished D.will be finished.,C,B,C,陷阱六：混用相似句型句式，干扰选项。,1）Shanghai

24、is larger than_ city in India.A any other B the other C any D the,city,比较时若包含本身在内，则需加other/else排除本身，但如不包含则不加。,陷阱七：知识记忆缺陷，干扰选项。,1）There is _“u”and _“s”in the word“bus”.A a,an B an,an C an,a D a,a,1.I like the silk dress,and it _ soft and comfortable.A feels B is felt C is feeling D has felt 2.This is

25、 _ song I told you to listen to.Isnt it _ beautiful one?A the,the B the,a C a,the D a,a 3.He told us that the sun _ in the east.A rose B had risen C rises D roses 4.Which is _of the two girls?A beautiful B more beautiful C the most beautiful D the more beautiful,D,A,B,C,1)You can never imagine what

26、great difficulty I have _ your house.A found B to find C finding D founded,陷阱八：插入定语从句或宾语从句或感叹句中某部分的干扰选项,have difficulty(in)doing,1.Everything I _ to the new house.A.have taken B.has been taken C.have has been taken D.was taken 2.The man we talked to _ us happy sometimes.A.make B.makes C.made D.makin

27、g 3.The man whose song we are fond of _ in our city next week.A singing B.to sing C.sings D.will sing 4.The doctor did what he could _ the sick man.A.to save B.saved C.save D.saving,C,D,A,B,1.Which of the caps will you take?Ill take _,one for my father,the other for my brother.A.neither B.both C.all

28、 D.none【解析】选B。neither“两者都不”;both“两者都”;all“都（三者或三者以上）”none“都不（三者或三者以上）”。从答语的后半句“一顶送给父亲，一顶送给弟弟”来看是两顶都要，故答案选B。,2.Why dont you take the computer,Nick?I know youre a computer fan.Its too expensive.I cant _ it.A.sell B.borrow C.afford【解析】选C。考查动词词义辨析。sell卖；borrow借；afford负担得起。句意：你为什么不买这台电脑，尼克？我知道你是一个电脑迷。太贵了

29、，我负担不起。,3.Shaoyang,once called Baoqing,is a city _ a long history.A.in B.at C.with【解析】选C。in“在”表示地点或时间;at“在”表示地点或时间;with“拥有，具有”，句意是说邵阳是一个历史悠久的城市，故答案选C。,4.Where is Zhang Ming?Oh,dont you know he _ to Beijing to see his parents and hell be back tomorrow.A.has gone B.has been C.had gone【解析】选A。have/has b

30、een to“去过”have/has gone to“去了”。从问句以及答语中的“hell be back tomorrow”来看张明是去了北京，故答案选 A。,5.My brother once studied in America for three years,so he can _ English very well.A.talk B.speak C.say D.tell【解析】选B。考查动词词义辨析。talk to/with sb.“跟某人交谈”；speak+语言“讲某种语言”；say sth.说；tell告诉。句意：我哥哥曾在美国学习了三年，因此他讲英语讲得很好。,6.You sh

31、ould really _ smoking.Its a terrible habit.A.grow up B.pick upC.give up D.set up【解析】选C。考查动词短语辨析。grow up成长,长大；pick up拾起,捡起；give up放弃；set up建立。句意：你的确应该放弃吸烟了，它是一个坏习惯。,教学焦点,1、在同步教学时，重点单词进行拓展，讲单词或短语的近义词、反义词等2、对于短语辨析：同一点、易错点不停反复去强调和讲解,1.Before going to the History Museum,our teacher told us _ the public r

32、ules.A.obey B.to obeyC.obeying D.obeyed【解析】选B。tell sb.to do sth.“告诉某人去做某事”，固定搭配。句意：在去历史博物馆之前，老师告诉我们要遵守公共规则。,2.The woman made her son _ finally after she told him some jokes.A.laughed B.to laughC.laugh D.laughing【解析】选C。make sb.do sth.“让某人做某事”。make是使役动词，后接动词原形作宾语补足语。句意：这个妇女给儿子讲了一些笑话之后，终于逗得他大笑。,3.I oft

33、en laugh when I see my grandma learning pop songs.But she says,“One is never _ old to learn.”A.too B.so C.very D.quite【解析】选A。too.to.“太而不能”，固定搭配。句意：当我看到祖母在学流行歌曲时我经常笑,但是她说：“人应该活到老，学到老。”,教学焦点,1、平时让学生多积累，讲到一个固定搭配的时候，及时拓展2、对同一知识点，利用不同题型进行巩固。要反复讲，杜绝错误3、在教学时，讲到固定搭配时，可进行句子的转换或造句，进行巩固。,1.Rose came to Beijing

34、 in 2002.She _ here for eight years.A.was living B.liveC.will live D.has lived【解析】选D。“for+时间段”常作为现在完成时态的时间状语标志，其结构是have/has+过去分词。句意：罗丝2002年来到北京，她在北京已住了八年了。,2.The shop _ at 8:00 a.m.and it _ for ten hours every day.A.opens;is open B.is opened;opensC.in open;has opened D.opened;opens【解析】选A。由every day可

35、判断，句中应使用一般现在时。open是非延续性动词，而for ten hours表示时间段，需将open替换为be open（adj.）。,3.The skirt is made of silk.It _ so soft,I like it.A.washes B.is washedC.is felt D.feels【解析】选D。句意：这条裙子是丝制的。感觉很柔软，我很喜欢。feel是感官动词，而感官动词不能使用被动语态形式，所以选D。,4.The World Expo（世博会）_ in Shanghai now.A.being had B.is havingC.is holding D.is

36、being held【解析】选D。现在进行时的被动语态be+being+及物动词的过去分词。句意：现在世博会正在上海（被）举行。,教学焦点,1、必须要求学生审清题意2、抓住关键词及时间词3、让学生进行造句，不拘泥于选择题，多种形式练习；在课堂讲解阅读理解、完形填空时，重点拎出重点句型进行讲解，多角度渗透练习4、动词讲解（三单、现在分词、过去式、过去分词）5、同步教学时，重点句子进行句子结构的分析,中考英语的固定句式围绕形式主语/宾语，感叹句，祈使句，倒装句，there be结构等进行命题。我们应该在上述句式的记忆和运用上狠下功夫，做到准确记忆，灵活运用。,1._ wide the street

37、s are!A.What B.How C.What a【解析】选B。How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语！What+(a/an)+(形容词)+名词+主语+谓语！由此可见该句应是how引导的感叹句，故答案选B。,1.Since the railway was built,_ is now very easy and convenient for us to get to Shanghai from Shaoyang.A.it B.that C.there【解析】选A。It+be+形容词+（for sb.）+to do sth.“（对某人来说）做某事是”该句意为“自从修建了这条铁路以来，我们从邵阳去上

38、海很容易了”，故答案选A。,2.The boy found _ hard to get along with the other classmates.A.this B.that C.it【解析】选C。固定句式sb.find it+adj.+（for sb.）to do sth.，意为“某人发现做某事（对而言）（难/易/”）。it在句中作形式宾语，真正宾语是后面的不定式结构。,3.How long does it take your father _ to work every day?About half an hour.A.drives B.driving C.to drive【解析】选C

39、。考查有关take的固定句式It takes/took sb.+一段时间+to do sth.，表示“做某事花费某人多长时间”。,4.Maria,_ the dog,will you?Why ask me?Tom is playing there.A.to feed B.feed C.feeding【解析】选B。这是一个祈使句结构，即“（dont）+动词原形+”，故答案选B。,5.宿迁You cant sneeze and keep your eyes _ at the same time.A.open B.opensC.opened D.opening【解析】选A。keep sth.+形容词

40、“保持处于某种状态”。句意：你不能打喷嚏同时睁着眼睛。,教学焦点,1、感叹句形容词后紧跟名，what系列记分明；形容词后乱糟糟，写上how马上好。2、多种题型各种变化,1.Could you tell me _?Of course,last night.A.when you reached ChengduB.when did you reach ChengduC.how you came to ChinaD.how did you come to China【解析】选A。考查宾语从句。宾语从句用陈述句语序，首先排除B、D两项。由答语“当然，昨天晚上。”可知问句提问的是时间，排除C，故选A。,2

41、.Is the girl _ is reading a book under that big tree your sister?No.My sister is in France.A.who B.whom C.whose【解析】选A。先行词（the girl）是人，因此排除C项，而引导词who在定语从句中作主语，故答案选A。,3.Mike,could you tell me if Mary _ to my party tomorrow?I think she will if she _ time.A.come;has B.comes;will haveC.will come;has D.wi

42、ll come;will have【解析】选C。本题考查if的用法。第一句中if引导宾语从句，由tomorrow可知用一般将来时。第二句是if引导的条件状语从句，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时。,教学焦点,1、宾语从句语序、引导词、时态的顺序排除2、状语从句联系主句与从句之间的引导词的选择、主句与从句在时态上的一致性3、定语从句关系代词,1.Betty,you have seen the film Titanic.How do you like it?_A.Id like to watch it tomorrow.B.What about you?C.Its wonderful.D.No,

43、I dont like it.,【解析】选C。“How do you like.”句意是“你觉得怎么样？”，其回答应说明对事物的具体看法或观点，故C项,2._ I go home now,Mr Zhang?No.You must finish your homework first.A.Must B.May C.Should【解析】选B。must“必须”，may“可以”，should“应该”。从对话的语境来看问句应是一个表示请求的客气的问句，故答案选B。,3.Sam,would you mind if I copy the document?_.A.Of course not，go ahead

44、B.Yes,pleaseC.Of course,do as you likeD.No,youd better not【解析】选A。would you mind.的肯定答语Of course not.否定答语Better not.句意：Sam，如果我复制文件你介意吗？当然不介意，你拷吧。,中考单选精选66题讲解,A.will have B.is going to be C.has D.is going to have,1.There _ a football match on TV this evening.,分析：考查There be句型的一般将来时结构，there will be 和 the

45、re is/are/going to be.句中不能有表示所属关系的have/has,只能用表示存在关系的动词原形be.答案B。,A.will B.is going to C.will be D.must,2.See the clouds!It _ rain.,分析：考查be going to 与will 的区别。句中有表明马上要发生或打算要做的事情一般有be going to 结构，不用will.前句的“See the clouds!”可以看出来。答案为B。,3._ English,she can speak German,Chinese and French.A.But B.Beside

46、C.Except D.Besides,分析：考查besides 和 except的不同。but为”但是”，beside“在一边”,均不合题意。Besides表示“除之外”是”另外还有”的意思，except是”除去”的意思。Eg:Two other boys were on duty besides Jack.除Jack外，还有两个男孩值日。All are present except Mary.除Mary 未到外都到。答案为D。,4.If you want to be thinner and healthier,youd better eat _ food and take _ exercis

47、e.A.more;fewer B.more;less C.fewer;more D.less;more,分析：考查比较级形容词修饰名词的用法。Food为不可数名词，所以可以用much和less;虽然much可用于修饰不可数名词，但不符合题意，答案为D。,5.A:I saw Ann _ a green dress at the meeting.B:I think she looks better _ red.dressed;in B.put on;wear C.wearing;in D.wear;put on,分析：考查“穿“的用法及区别。See后接不带to的不定式或现在分词作宾语补足语。Put

48、 on 和wear 都可接表示衣服的名词，但put on 表示动作，wear强调状态，都不接表示颜色的名词，而in 的后面可接表示衣服的颜色的名词。答案C。,6Harry Potter is an _ book for children,but my cousin doesnt seem at all _ in it.A.interesting;interesting B.interested;interestedC.interesting;interested D.interested;interesting,分析：考查interest的两个形容词interested和interesting

49、的区别。表示感情色彩的及物动词interest,有现在分词interesting 和过去分词interested两个形式。前者表示”令人感兴趣”,后者表示”使感到有兴趣”.前一空用interesting表示book所具有的特征；第二个空用interested 表示主语所处的状态。答案为C.相关 I am very _ in the country.Here I can see many _ people.选项同上。答案为 D。,7He likes _,but he doesnt like _ today because it is too cold.,分析：考查like doing 和 lik

50、e to do 的区别。Like 后可跟动名词，也可跟不定式。Like doing表一般性的行为、爱好；而like to do 表示在具体某一时间或某一地点要做的分理动作。答案为C。,A.to swim;swimming B.to swim;to swim C.swimming;to swim D.swimming,swimming,8Youd better not read todays newspaper because there is _ in it.A.something interesting B.anything newC.important thing D.nothing sp