近年议题Currentissues.ppt
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1、近年議題 Current issues,FCC 互聯網政策:近年議題FCC Internet Policies-current issues,在融合媒體年代,如何規管?包括如何歸類一些新服務?要不要規管這些新服務?Regulatory problem in the age of convergence-difficult to classify services-whether to regulate a)Internet telephony(VOIP)b)Webcasting(IPTV),如何促進互聯網的使用?包括促進寬帶使用,縮小數字鴻溝How to resolve problemsof
2、accessa)Promote broadband accessb)Bridge digital divide,2010 National Broadband Plan,FCC Internet Policies-current issues(continued),Types of broadband access,Cable companies-cable modem,Telephone companiesDigital subscriberline(DSL),Others:satellites andwireless,FCC Internet Policies-current issues
3、(continued),Types of broadband access,Cable companies-cable modem,Telephone companies-DSL,Others:satellites andwireless,Forced to open up access to competitive ISPs?,Forced to open up access to competitive ISPs?,FCC Internet Policies-current issues(continued),Cable access:question of open access:cab
4、le not open up to other ISPs 2002:FCC decided cable modem service as“information service”and therefore needs not to open2005:In the Brand X case,the US Supreme Court refused to overrule the FCC decision that the providers of cable broadband Internet service are not required to provide access to ISPs
5、 other than their own.DSL:mainly offered by telephone companiesquestion of access by other ISPs2003:FCC decided local telephone companies need not open up broadband access,broadband over power line(BPL)technology,Problems:Electricity industry regulated by local public utilities commissionsTechnology
6、 tried before and failedMay cause signal interference to amateur radio and safety signal systemsCreates more static on the lines,Efforts in 2004 to promote broadband access:a summary,FCC:Introducing new Broadband technology(BPL),FCC:Introducing rural action plan,FCC:Conducting broadband deployment i
7、nquiry,Congress:Continue to ban Internet tax(temporary or permanent?),2010 國家寬帶計劃 2010 National Broadband Plan,寬帶重要,寬帶的重要性二十一世紀初基建的挑戰將一如電話、廣播、電視般改變美國社會(just as transformative)對個人發展機會 和培育公民意識 至為重要(essential to opportunity and citizenship)美國在寬帶建設落後不得不迎頭趕上,大原則,美國向來有兩大強項,在拓展寬帶時重視一是創新(innovation)不單要技術上,還
8、要發揮創造力二是inclusion 讓所有人都能享受到好處要主動改善情況(proactive),不讓任何人墮後但政府的角色不應太重要在公營和私營部門之間取得平衡,主要目的,建立一個高超表現的美國create a high-performance American美國要帶領世界成為寬帶技術主要出口國達致目的,要在以下四大範疇下工夫:1)製定政策,鼓勵競爭促進投資、創新和消費者得益2)確保政府控制的資源如頻譜等能有效分配和使用3)改革各類的普及服務資助讓偏遠地區的民眾能使用寬帶4)改革法規政策等使教育、醫療、各種政府運作能夠有效使用寬帶,未來十年-六大具體目標,目標1:最少一億戶達到:下載每秒10
9、0megabit s上載:每秒50megabit s,目標6:積極運用寬帶,讓美國在使用清潔能源佔帶領地位,目標5:改善公眾安全網絡,讓各類緊急服務都用上無線寬帶,目標4:主要設施如學校,醫院和政府大樓有每秒最少1gigabits 的寬帶,目標2:移動通信創新帶領世界,建成最快最廣的無線網絡,目標3:每個美國人都享有寬帶服務,並懂得使用,拓展寬帶-關注三大方面,Networks 網絡如何提升如何促進競爭Devices 設備Applications 應用,寬帶網絡,有很多種,包括Wired or wireless Fixed or mobile Terrestrial(地面)or satelli
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