英语拓展模块unit.ppt

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1、Unit 10,拓展模块,high 与 highly 的用法区别,1.high 用作副词，通常表示具体的高，主要修饰动词。如：He climbed high.他爬得很高。I cant jump any higher.再高些我跳不了啦。注：有时用于比喻义。如：He never got very high in the company.他在公司里所担任的职务从来就不是很高。注意以下用于比喻义的常见固定搭配：pay high 付出高价 live high 过富裕生活aim high 目标高 stand high in sbs favour 为某人所赏识,2.highly 主要表示很高的程度，除修饰动

2、词(如 speak,praise,think of等)外，还通常用于修饰分词或形容词(尤其是那些由动词派生而来的形容词,有时相当于 very 或 much)。如：He speaks very highly of you.他十分赞赏你。Its a highly amusing film.那是部很有趣的电影。The people were highly pleased.人们都很高兴。His report is highly scientific.他的报告是很科学的。She is a highly educated woman.她是受过高等教育的女人。,3.在用连字符构成的复合形容词中，通常用 hi

3、gh。如：high-grade 优质的 high-rise 高层的，高耸的high-priced 高价的 high-ranking 级别高的比较(是复合形容词和非复合形容词，注意词尾-ly 以及连字符的有无)：He is a high-priced lawyer.他是个收费很高的律师。The goods on display are all very highly priced.展出的物品都非常昂贵。,类似的这类词主要有wide，widely；close，closely；high，highly等 等，这类词含义及用法上的主要特点是：不带-ly的副词表示具体的行为和动作，说明的动作或状况有可测

4、量性和可见性；而 以-ly结尾的同源副词所表达的常常是抽象性的行为和状况。,“设法完成”“经过努力最后终于完成”,manage to do sth.try to do sth.Eg：He(escape)from the fire,but was badly burnt.他设法从大火中逃出来，但还是被烧成重伤。He(escape)from the fire and finally succeeded.他设法从大火中逃出来，终于成功了。,tried to escape,managed to escape,“即使，尽管”,even though=even if Theyll stand by you

5、 even though you dont succeed.即使你不成功，他们也会支持你的。,endure,后跟名词、不定式或动词-ing形式作宾语。Eg：I cant endure(that woman).我对那个女人忍无可忍。I cant endure to see/seeing children suffer.看着儿童受苦，我可受不了。She couldnt endure to hear/hearing about it.听到这事，她难以忍受。The Indians endured(much pain).印第安人忍受了很多痛苦。,remain,停留 与stay同义，可以换用 作连系动词，

6、“继续保持，仍然处于某种状态”Eg：Please remain here till I return.请呆到我回来。If you dont eat youll just have to remain hungry.如果你不吃东西，你就得继续挨饿。,“适应（新环境等）”,adapt toHe has not yet the climate.他还不适应这种气候。Our eyes slowly the dark.我们的眼睛慢慢地适应了黑暗的环境。她很快地适应了新的气候。She adapted quickly to the new climate.,adapted to,adapted to,skin

7、ned adj.“有某种皮肤的”,Tom is a dark skinned person.汤姆是一个黑皮肤的人。,“暴露”exposure un.,exposure toEg：Her skin was dry after the wind.风吹后，她的皮肤干燥了。,exposure to,vary,V.有差异，会变化various People vary much in their ideas.人们在想法上差异很大。That sort of thing varies from person to person.那种事情因人而异。,同位语从句,这种差别可以用这样的事实解释：个子大的人的皮肤与其

8、体重相比较要比个子小的的人少一些。This different might be explained by the fact that big people have less skin compared to weight than do small people.句中由that引导的从句，说明前面名词fact的内容，是同位语从句。,同位语从句,在英语的某些名词，如：fact，hope，belief，doubt，idea，news，possibility，thought等后面，有时可见到that引导的同位语从句。Eg：The text tells us a fact that smoking

9、 does great harm to peoples health.这篇课文告诉我们一个事实：吸烟有害于人体健康。I had no idea that he had already gone abroad.我不知道他已经出国了。,“与有关的”,relative toHe said nothing his plans about returning.他没说什么与他返回的计划有关的。We didnt know the facts the problem.我们不知道与这个问题有关的事实。,relative to,relative to,将某人/某物限制在一定范围内,confine sb./sth.

10、to sth.I wish the speaker would himself the subject.我希望演讲者不要离题。John was bed for a week with his cold.约翰感冒卧床一周了。,to,confine,confined to,“所谓的”,so-calledWhere are your friends now？你那些所谓的朋友，现在都在哪儿了？,so-called,It is true that,这是一个由形式主语it引导的句子，其句型结构为It is+adj.+that-clause，真正的主语是后面的that从句。用于该结构的形容词有：possib

11、le，impossible，necessary，important等等。Eg：It is possible that it will snow tomorrow.明天有可能下雪。,“过着的生活”live a life,live a happy lifelive a hard life live a better life live a miserable life,过着幸福的生活过着艰苦的生活过着较好的生活 过着悲惨的生活,“承认是”“认出是”,recognize asEg：They will him one of the best singers.他们将承认他是最好的歌手之一。He is a

12、n excllent student.人们承认他是一个优秀的学生。,recognize,as,recognized as,every+基数词+复数名词“每的”,Eg：Take the medicine。每四小时吃一次药。They usually come home。他们通常每两周回家一次。,every four hours,every two weeks,notuntil“直到时候，才”,I didnt feel happy【until I saw her the next morning】直到第二天早晨见到她我才感到高兴。It is/was not untilthat是 not until用

13、于强调句型的结构。It was not until I saw her the next morning that I felt happy.一直到你回来我才离开。It is not until you come back that I will leave.,“与联系到一起”“与相配合”,be associated withEg：I didnt want to it at all.我根本不想与这事有联系。In the childrens minds summer。picnics.在孩子们的心中，夏天是和野餐联系在一起的。I wished to forget everything。him.我希

14、望忘掉一切与他有关的事情。,be associated with,is associated with,associated with,Concern 使担心，使关注 v.,She is always concerning herself about other peoples business.她总是关心别人的事情。A good doctor should concern himself with your health.一个好医生是应该关注你们的健康的。Be concerned about/with请不要为我担心。Please dont be concerned about me.,and

15、 so on,等等They are interested in art，music，dance and so on.他们对艺术、音乐、舞蹈等感兴趣。,“出现”“来到某处”“显露出来”,show upshow-showed-showed/shownEg：She must have gone out early，for she had not for breakfast.她肯定是一早就出去了，因为她没来吃早饭。He was inveted,but didnt.邀请他了，但他没来。,shown up,show up,on record,有记录的We dont know when the famous

16、 writer was born，but the date of his death is。我们不知道这位著名作家何时出生，但他去世的日期有记录。Last summer was the wettest one。去年夏天时有记录以来最潮湿的。,on record,on record,in the summer of 1997,英语中，在季节、月份、星期名词前一般不加冠词，但如果被一个限定性定语修饰，其前应加冠词。如：It happened in spring of 1937 那事是1937年春天发生的。,the,result in,“引起（某种结果）”“结果”The accident three

17、 deaths.这次事故造成三人死亡。His efforts failure.他努力的结果失败了。,resulted in,resulted in,as well as,连词词组，遵循“就远一致”原则，谓语动词应与前面的主语一致。Eg：John can speak chinese English.约翰会讲汉语和英语。My parents as well as my elder sister（enjoy）music.我父母和我姐姐都喜欢音乐。,enjoy,as well as,nevertheless,He was angry，he listened to me.他很生气，然而还在听我说。I c

18、ant follow your advice.thank you for giving it.我不能遵循你的劝告，尽管如此还得因此而表示感谢。It snowed heavily we still drove to Chicago.天下大雪，我们仍旧开车去了芝加哥。,nevertheless,nevertheless,nevertheless,in advance,事前，提前eg：We have paid a hundred dollars.我们已经提前付了100美元。Everything had been fixed.一切都已经提前安排好了。,in advance,in advance,比较状

19、语从句常见句型：1.表示A和B同等程度,A+谓语+as+adj./adv.(原级)+as+B This ruler is as long as yours.这把尺子和你的一样长。Mary dances as well as Kate.玛丽和凯特的舞跳得一样好。He has bought as many books(much rice)as I have.他买的书(米)和我一样多。This is a book as good as that one.这本书和那本书一样好。,2.表示A方超过B方,A+谓语（系动词）+形容词比较级+than+B The weather here is hotter

20、than that in your hometown.这里的天气比你家乡的天气热。There are more books in our library than in theirs.我们图书馆的数比他们图书馆的书多。A+谓语（行为动词）+副词比较级+than+B He runs faster than Jim.他比吉姆跑得快。He speaks English better than I.他英语说得比我好。,3.表示A方不及B方,A+谓语的否定式+so（as）+形容词（或副词）的原级+as+B Mrs Brown is not so/as old as she looks.布朗太太不像她看上

21、去那么老。It doesnt rain so/as often in Xian as in Wuhan.西安下雨没有武汉多。,A+谓语的否定式+形容词（或副词）比较级+than+B,This room isnt bigger than mine.这间房没有我那间大。He doesnt run faster than his brother.他没有他兄弟跑得快。He is not clever than his brother.他没有他兄弟聪明。He is no clever than his brother.他并不比他兄弟聪明。,A+谓语+lees+形容词(或副词)的原形+than+B,I am less tall than he.我没有他高He does his homework less carefully than his brother.他做家庭作业不如他兄弟细心表示倍数(三种)比较级前可以用一些表示程度和数量的状语:表示程度的词:much,far,a lot,a little,a bit,slightly,even,still 等表示数量的词:two years older,a head taller,three metres longer,an hour earlier,50%等,Byebye,