英语单词音节划分规律.ppt

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1、Welcome to our class,音节的划分,英语单词在发音的时候，不是一个字母一个字母地来发音的，而是几个字母几个字母地拼起来发音的，因此英语单词叫“拼音文字”，几个拼起来发音的字母叫一个“音节”。音节有开音节、闭音节、半开音节之分，不同的音节里，要选择字母的不同发音。China（中国）Chi-nainternational（国际的）in-ter-na-tion-al English（英语）Eng-lish,一条蛇的结构是头、肚子、尾巴，一个英语音节的样子也与此相似，一个英语音节包括音节头、音节中、音节尾：音节头+音节中+音节尾,音节头：指字母表中的辅音字母及辅音组合字母。音节中：指

2、字母表中的元音字母及元音组合字母。音节头：指字母表中的辅音字母及辅音组合字母。,一般的,四种音节：1）元音 单中音节：（头尾都缺）I,a,o,or,ear,are 2）元音+辅音 中尾音节：（缺头）at,am,of,old,egg,art,aid,eight 3）辅音+元音 头中音节：（缺尾）he,me,go,so,she,far,door,sea,4）辅音+元音+辅音头中尾音节：（头尾都不缺）一个音节至少有一个元音字母。即a，e，i，o，或u，有时也可以是y。一般的有多少个元音(元音组合）就有多少个音节。例如：refuse，uncomfortable，jumping，avoided，garl

3、ic，forty,音节划分：,元音是构成音节的主体，辅音是音节的分界线。两辅音之间不管有多少个元音，一般都是一个音节。先找元音去尾e，一个元音一音节。元音相连听音定，加上头尾是整体。,音节划分口诀：,一靠后，二分手，多个中间偏左右，组合字母算一个，常见组合要遵守。词尾看e加音节，发音不发分两种，双字相连不连手，听音验证最后头，解释意外不发愁。,一靠后：,当两个元音字母之间有一个辅音字母时（r除外），一般把它划分给后面的音节当头。如ago，be-gin，a-bout chi-na，wa-ter，ma-ny，ago begin about china water many练习：reason，lat

4、er，ability，never，native，heavy,二分手：,当两个元音字母之间有两个辅音字母时，一般把它们分开，一边一个.如：in-side,dif-fet，com-mon，at-tach，can-not练习：number，problem，doctor，compare，treatment，after。,多个中间偏左右：,当两个元音字母之间有三个以上辅音字母时，中间的辅音字母要么划分给前面的音节当尾，要么划分给后面的音节当头。如：in-stead，suc-cess-ful，tran-sport，in-clude，im-prove，con-gress。,组合字母算一个,常见组合要遵守：,

5、英语里有一些字母常常组合在一起，但它们不像固定组合字母那样发一个音，而是各发各的音，如tr,dr,pr,pl,fr,cl,ch,ck,sh,sp,st,sk,scr,gr,tion,ly,ble,al等组合字母在划分音节时一般不拆开，把它们划分在一起，尊重它们的常见组合习惯。如：re-try，o-ther，con-tract，as-tro-no-my，cen-tral，tech-no-lo-gy，quick-ly。,词尾看e加音节，发音不发分两种：,*单词尾加er、est、ing等第一个元音字母肯定发音的词尾时,通常增加一个音节,并且把单词尾的辅音字母“抢”过来当音节头。如 Smal-ler，

6、smal-lest，lon-ger，lon-gest，li-ving，wa-tching。*单词尾加s、es、d、ed这四个词尾时，要看e增加音节。若e需要发音间隔则增加一个音节；若e不需要发音间隔则不增加音节。,词尾看e加音节，发音不发分两种：,单词尾加s、es、d、ed这四个词尾时，要看e增加音节。若e需要发音间隔则增加一个音节；若e不需要发音间隔则不增加音节。如 nose加s成为noses，e发i:来间隔两个s的发音；box加es成为boxes，e发i:来间隔x和s的发音size加s成为sizes，e发i:来间隔z和s的发音：work加ed成为worked，k、d发音差别明显，不需要e间

7、隔；like加s成为likes，k、s发音差别明显，不需要e间隔；live加s成为lives，v、s发音差别明显，不需要e间隔：,双字相连不连手：,英语里有很多单词是由两个单词连起来构成的，如rest-room,it-self，how-ever这种情况下两个单词一般分开发音,不合并。若两个单词的头尾相接字母是字母表里的固定组合字母，如 rest-room中间的tr，it-self中间的ts，一般也要拆开发音，不合并。,有声验证最后头，解释意外不发愁。,不确定或有疑惑的单词！根据音标验证，读一读！几个音节就很明了啦！,r,如果是“元音r元音”，属于一个音节，但这不是-r 音节。如-are,-er

8、e,-ire,-ore,-ure 称作-re 音节；别的情况称作含字母 r 的音节。如果两个元音字母中间有两个辅音字母，第一个是r，这两个辅音字母，也分别划入左右两个音节。第一个音节（左边那个音节）称为r音节，按重读r音节读音规则发音。例如：corner，portrait，harbor，barber如果两个元音（以及y）中间有两个r的话分别划入也分别划入左右两个音节。左边那个音节不构成r音节，按重读闭音节读音规则发音。例如：carry,berry,mirror,sorry,hurry.,Thank You,Vowels（元音）-pure vowels（单元音）,后元音：/u:/,/,/:/,/

9、,/:/,/,例词：foot wood book push短语：good cook good book couldnt look pudding without sugar,/:/,例词：fork ball morning airport短语：four balls score board morning glory sports reporter,/-/,例词：cock shop job hospital短语：hot coffee long job on the box drop the pot,/:/,例词：car garden star guitar短语：fast car half mas

10、t heart transplant stars and bars,Vowels（元音）-diphthongs（双元音）,/e/,/a/,/,/,/a/,/,/e/,/,/e/-/ei/,例词：face rain cake wait短语：eight cakes waste paper railway station wait for the mail,/a/-/ai/,例词：sky kite write bicycle短语:white lie high tide eye for eye silent night,/-/i/,例词：boy boil noise coin短语：a spoilt b

11、oy a noisy toy an annoying voice Joyces boyfriend,/-/v/,例词：coast throw boat toe短语：Joes coat go to the window load and unload throw a snowball,/a/-/av/,例词：cow house mouth trousers短语：shout out brown mouse down town round lounge,/-/i/,例词：ear queer zero beard短语：the atmosphere here queer skier weary moun

12、taineer experienced engineer,/e/-/,例词：hair bare pear chair短语：millionaires heir mayors parents square chairs careful librarian,/-/v/,例词：tour poor jury gourd短语：poor tourists tour from China furious jury European gourd,Consonants（辅音）-plosives（爆破音）,/p/,/b/,/t/,/d/,/k/,/g/,/p/,例词：pig pot pond plan短语：pick

13、 up a pepper pot a piece of pork a pen and a pencil,/b/,例词：bus bed bench brush短语：Big Ben a big bottle beautiful blouses blue butterflies,/t/,例词：tie taxi tap telephone短语：tit for tat tip of the tongue flat foot tale-teller,/d/,例词：door doctor head wind短语：darling daughter dark red played cards listened

14、to the radio,/k/,例词：car duck clock park短语：the back of the car ask question a quarter to six cool as cucumber,/g/,例词：bag dog goat grape短语：good girl go to the grocers as good as gold get angry,Consonants（辅音）-fricatives（摩擦音）,/f/,/v/,/,/,/s/,/z/,/,/,/h/,/,/,/r/,/f/,例词：laugh fat fish family短语：fresh fruit

15、 fast food soft sofa feel fine,/v/,例词:vet village volcano television短语：lovely view village vet leaving arriving leaves of the vine,/,例词：tooth month thin thirsty短语：three thousand Marthas birthday healthy author thirty mathematicians,/,例词：father breathe that feather短语：smooth leather get together bette

16、r than others another brother,/s/,例词：sun small horse bicycle短语：sleep soundly expensive cigarettes some books sit in the sun,/z/,例词：zoo prize bees nose短语：jazz music close the windows these days zero animal,/,例词：fish sugar shoe shop短语：fashion shops friendship association British shoes washing machine,

17、/,例词：garage pleasure measure collision短语：an unusual collision measure a garage a great decision my pleasure,/h/,例词：hat hard hen high 短语：heart and hand high heels head-to-head happy honeymoon,/,例词：cheek chicken church watch短语：Chinese chess which butcher chicken and chips change much,/,例词：jeep jug ora

18、nge bridge 短语：a large jeep injured passengers adjust the engine orange juice,/r/,例词：rose lorry rubber rocket短语：American waitress a married secretary grown up children French restaurant,Consonants（辅音）-nasals（鼻音）,/m/,/n/,/,/m/,例词：moon home medicine mountain短语：man-made make a mistake come tomorrow midd

19、le name,/n/,例词：neck tin night noise短语：neat brandy a negative answer telephone number harden the neck,/,例词：ink ring sing monkey短语：ring-ding rising diphthong strong string playing ping-pang,Consonants（辅音）-lateral（舌侧音）,/l/,例词：black light jelly lemon短语：early for lunch leg of lamb a glass of lemonade yel

20、low jelly,/l/,Consonants（辅音）-semi-vowels（半元音）,/j/,/w/,/j/,例词：yellow yacht yolk year短语：yolk yellow new years day new York university a tough onion,/w/,例词：week whale win window 短语：weight watcher weave a web weeping willow wet wind,Consonants（辅音）-fricatives（摩擦音）,/ts/,/dz/,/tr/,/dr/,/ts/,students coats

21、cats boats,/dz/,heads reads beds hands,/tr/,tree truck train trace,/dr/,dress drink drain dream,Read the following:,/lait/main/sain/nail/lit/min/si/nil/,/mai/laim/kait/gaid/mei/leim/keit/geit/,/it/mis/pin/lik/et/mes/pen/lend/,/si:/gi:s/ki:p/bi:t/sez/ges/kept/bed/,/si:k/pi:p/mi:t/di:d/seik/peid/meit/

22、deiz/,/et/sed/beg/pek/t/sd/bg/pk/,Read the following:,Read the following:,/u/nut/nt/uz/s/smuk/fk/,/s/si:m/i:m/sin/in/sed/eft/,/z/i:/zi:/is/zip/en/zed/,pp pen picture jeep map t t ten two boat meetbb bike bus book box dd desk down bird goodkk cake Kate thank clock g g good girl egg bags s sit see yes

23、 class z z is his these zero,Read the following:,blue ruler too school up bus number under,he hat here hill,red right brown room,yes you your yellow,we woman where white,/u:/,/,/h/,/r/,/j/,/w/,Guessing Game:,bike sitnice Missfind hillfive this,lookhellofloorfamily,mymapamgame,ninenewtenson,morningwr

24、ongthinkthank,/ai/,/i/,/l/,/m/,/n/,/,nogo sooldhomethoserose,boxfoxnotdogpotclocksorry,finefivefourfamilyfacefloorfriend,verysevenhavelovegloveovereleven,thinthinkthankthreethirteenthirtytenth,thisthatthesethosetherefathermother,/u/,/,/f/,/v/,/,/,Homework,Practise reading the IPA at your spare time!,Thank You,