1句子结构(基础版)雅思语法课件.ppt

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1、,句 子 结 构,一：基本句型二：简单句到复杂句的扩展方法三：其他句型（存在）,一，基本句型,陈述对象+陈述内容主语+谓语谓语动词决定了一个句子的骨架结构启示：（1）分析复杂句时，先找谓语。（2）写句子时，要知道谓语动词的用法特点,句型一：主系表句型二：主谓句型三：主谓宾句型四：主谓宾宾句型五：主谓宾补,句型一：主语+系动词+表语,谓语动词特点：系动词的构成：(1)be动词(2)感官动词（seem,look,taste,sound)(3)其他系动词“变得”（appear,come,go,become，get),【练1/5】梦想已经实现。The dream has come true.,【练2/

2、5】互联网是当今世界所有知识和信息的关键。（剑6,G,TB,W）Internet is the key.,【练3/5】传统的方法也许可以在未来被证明有经济价值。（剑3,T2,W）Methods prove valuable.,【练4/5】区域外的必需品进入当地市场变得更加容易。（剑7,T2,R）It is easier for goods to enter market.,【练5/5】老师的任务是协助学生应用这些于不自觉中所学到的知识，使它更便捷地被理解吸收（剑7，T1，R）The teachers task is to assist the students to apply what th

3、ey learned paraconsciously,and in doing so to make it easily accessible to consciouseness.,句型二：主语+谓语,谓语动词特特点：不及物动词（本身意思完整，后面不需要宾语）【练1/4】第一印象很重要。The First impression counts/matters.,【练2/4】近年来政府对报纸的控制已经放松了。The control has loosened.,【练3/4】当焦点人物或其角色成员对他在某特定时段所担任角色的确切定义在思想上存在疑惑时，就出现了角色模糊。（剑3,T2,R）Role am

4、biguity results when.,【练4/4】这种态度已随着以下的认识而有所改变，即边缘社区尽管已部分地融入了一个名声在外，变幻莫测的全球经济体系中，但仍具有其生存能力和适应性。（剑3,T3,R）This attitude altered with the realization that.,句型三：主语+谓语+宾语,谓语动词特点：及物动词（后面带有宾语，表示作用的对象。）【练1/5】教育满足需要。Education meets/satisfies the demand/need.,【练2/5】美国的一项研究已表明气温和街头骚乱之间存在联系。（剑3,T3,R）Research sho

5、ws a relationship.,【练3/5】每一个坚实的物体都能反射声音，其声音各不相同，视物体的大小和性质而定。Every solid object will reflect a sound,varying according to the size and nature of the object.,【练4/5】所有这些因素或许可以证明巨大的收入是合理的。（剑6,T2,W）Factors can justify earnings.,【练5/5】缺乏睡眠会危及免疫系统，干扰思考能力，导致沮丧，助长焦虑情绪，使人容易发怒。（剑5,G,TA,R）Lack of sleep can comp

6、romise the immune system,muddle thinking,cause depression,promote anxiety and encourage irritability.,句型四：主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语,谓语动词特点：双宾动词：人+物短语搭配,He showed the guard his passport.I am going to buy her a gift.=I am going to buy a gift for her.,【练1/3】大学授予了我奖学金。The university gave/granted me a scholarship.

7、,【练2/3】迈克尔向经理递交了一份申请书。Michael gave/presented the manager his application.,【练3/3】他还不让你有获取某些信息的机会。He has also denied you access to some information.,句型五：主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语,谓语动词特点：宾补动词：appoint,find,keep,make,prove,believe,think),They appointed John chairman.主 谓 宾 宾补（名词做宾补）A hedge between keeps friendship g

8、reen.主 谓 宾 宾补(adj.)保持距离，友谊常青。（君子之交淡如水。）,【练1/3】许多人觉得他们的回报不公平。（剑6,T2,W）Many people think their reward unfair.,【练2/3】技术时代的到来使知识更加重要.The advent/coming of technology makes knowledge more important/crucial.,【练3/3】这些技巧会帮助他们在未来成为更有价值的员工。（剑3，T3,W）These skills will make them more valuable employees in the fut

9、ure.,练习：找主干进行翻译,【练1/2】在经济全球化的时代，许多跨国公司更愿意雇佣有留学背景的人。【练2/2】坐在电视机前的30分钟时间里，我就可以广泛迅速地获取从重大的国内事件、工农业上的最新发展到最新的国际形式等信息。-（媒体话题）,二，简单句-复杂句,主 谓一，名词的扩展二，动词的扩展,一，名词的扩展,（1）形容词/名词+名词（2）名词+不定式（3）名词+同位语（4）名词+介词结构（5）名词+定语从句（6）名词+分词,定语（修饰名词的）位置要求,【练】InformationUseful/similar/similar with mine/from developing countri

10、es to developed countries【总结】定语常见位置：前短后长1）定语字数比较少（1-2），则放在被修饰的名词之前。2）定语字数比较多（2），则放在被修饰的名词之后。,【练1/3】许多女孩喜欢嫁给有责任感的男孩。许多男孩喜欢娶像凤姐一样的女孩。,【练2/3】互联网是当今世界所有知识和信息的关键。（剑6,G,TB,W）Internet is the key.Key-to/of all the knowledge and information in this world today.(介词短语扩展名词）.,【练3/3】从国内政治到国外形式的信息Information Infor

11、mation from to Information which is from to Information ranging from to,【知识点】怎么运用名词的扩展：”内容具体化”-why【练1/2】Tom is my best friend.(雅思口语)(内容具体化）“Generous”Tom is a generous friend.(内容具体化）“经常给我钱”Tom is a generous friend who always gives me money.,best,(adj.),(adj.定语从句),【练2/2】It is a question.(雅思写作)“严重的，重要的

12、”It is a serious/burning question.“大部分人都正在面临的”It is a serious/burning question that the majority of people are facing.,question,(adj.),(adj.定语从句）,As you can see,the building youre in now which contains this main lounge,the dining room,the recreation room,the kitchen and the offices was part of the o

13、riginal old house,built in the 1840s to be used by the family of George Smith.(剑2,T2,L),Visitors can watch a short film made up of old newsreels and cinema material which clearly reveals the political mood of the day towards the suffragettes.(剑3,T4,R),练习：扩展名词,【练】在经济全球化的时代，许多跨国公司更愿意雇佣有留学背景的人。Company

14、employ people.在经济(economy)全球化(globalization)的时代(era/times)，许多(many)跨国(international)公司更愿意(would like to)雇佣有留学(oversea)背景(background)的人。,二，动词的扩展,（1）副词+动词（2）动词-动名词组,副词位置要求：,一般来说，放在动词前后；有时，也可放在整句话的首末。【练】坐在电视机前的30分钟时间里，我就可以广泛迅速地获取从重大的国内事件、工农业上的最新发展到最新的国际形式等信息。-（媒体话题）I can get the information.I can quick

15、ly and widely get.,动词-动名词组,老年人的健康应该被考虑Old peoples physical conditions should be considered.-Old peoples physical conditions should be taken into consideration.,(1)Be interested inHave/take an interest in(2)betMake a bet,练习：,(1)think about_ serious thought to(2)influence _ an influence on Key:give ha

16、ve/bring/exert,“have/bring/exert a/aninfluence on”【练1/2】沉迷于电脑游戏对孩子们的身心健康有着不好的影响。（雅思写作）Being addicted to computer games has a bad influence on childrens physical and psychological health.【扩展1/2】physical and mental health body and mind【扩展2/2】good positive bad negative important big,【练2/2】我想谈论一次特殊的旅行，它

17、对我的人生产生过重大影响。（雅思口语）I want to talk about a special journey/travel/trip which had a big influence on my life.【扩展】influence=impact=effect,三，其他句型,There be 句型There be+名词 定语从句 分词 介词【扩展】：There come,emerge,exist,lie,live,occur,stand,【练1/4】越来越多的人反对这一看法.-（雅思写作）More and more people disagree it.(there be)There

18、are more and more people who disagree/are against/object to this point.,【练2/4】每个孩子都想赚些零花钱来帮助交付高额的大学费用。-（家庭话题）Every child wants to earn a little money to help cover higher college cost.(there be)There is every child who wants to(高分作文句子）There is hardly a child who doesnt want to earn a little money to

19、 help cover higher college cost.(常见句型）there is nothing we cannot do.,【练3/4】在20世纪50年代和60年代，西方社会开始意识到提供矿物质燃料能量的资源是有限的且有可能枯竭。（剑4,T4,R）In the 1950s and 1960s,there emerged an awareness in Western societies that resources for the provision of fossil fuel energy were finite and exhaustible.,【练4/4】预计将会在2030年轻微下降至18%。（剑5，T1,W）There is expected to be a slight drop to 18%in 2030.,THE END,复 习,一：基本句型二：简单句到复杂句的扩展方法三：其他句型（存在）,