GRE阅读高频题型应对技巧讲解.doc

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1、GRE阅读高频题型应对技巧讲解 GRE阅读高频题型应对技巧讲解 ,主旨题和细节题高效做法分析,我们一起来看看吧，下面就和大家分享，来欣赏一下吧。GRE阅读高频题型应对技巧讲解 主旨题和细节题高效做法分析GRE阅读如何准确定位主题句?和国内学生写*不一样，美国人的阅读*中从来都不出现“I think that，in my opinion，as far as I am considered”此类语言做主题句。通常来说主题句有以下两种形式：1. 判断句(含情态动词，系动词，正负褒贬词的句子);2. 概括*将来结构。GRE阅读主题句寻找技巧分享以这句话为例：Your minds changed my

2、attitude. 这句话中并没有情态动词和系动词，因此这句话自然不是判断句，也就不是主题句。但只要在这句话中加入一个正负褒贬词，即一个词表明作者的态度或观点的词即是判断句了。比如，Your minds successfully changed my attitude即是判断句了。另外，如果一个句子不是判断句，只要它能够概括*将来结构，及*后面会从哪几个方面来说明，也是主题句。比如，People are living longer now. 这句话一定不是主题句，而如果这句话是，People are living longer now since the improvement of food

3、 condition and the development of medical technology.这句话即是主题句了。因为它概括了*后面会从哪几个方向来进行说明。应对主旨题细节题需学会找准主题句如果考生在新GRE阅读题中掌握好了主题句判断方法，很多*便可以很快把握*的结构框架，帮助后面*的理解。比如一篇*的开头是，Mycorrhizal fungi infect more plants than do any other fungi and are necessary for many plants to thrive， but they have escaped widespread

4、 investigation until recently for two reasons. First， the symbiotic association is so well-balanced that the roots of host plants show no damage even when densely infected. Second， the fungi cannot as yet be cultivated in the absence of a living root.第一句是明显的判断句，即为主题句。而主题句也同时概括了*的将来结构，即会从“M真菌影响力很强”和“

5、M真菌过去由于两个原因没有得到广泛研究”。下面马上看到了first和second，我们即知道这两个很难读懂的句子无非是两个原因使得M真菌没有得到广泛研究而已，具体是哪两个原因，我们几乎可以忽略不读。综上所述，在做GRE阅读时，快速准确发现主题句的方法和技巧是非常实用的，对于提升阅读*速度和解决许多耗时题型都有很大帮助，因此希望大家都能学会掌握和运用这种技巧，提高解答阅读题的效率，减轻严格考试时间带来的应试压力。GRE阅读练习每日一篇Although pathogenic organisms constantly alight on the skin, they find it a very u

6、nfavorable environment and, in the absence of injury, have great difficulty colonizing it. This “self-sterilizing” capacity of the skin results from the tendency of all well-developed ecosystems toward homeostasis, or the maintenance of the status quo.Species that typically live in soil, water, and

7、elsewhere rarely multiply on the skin. Undamaged skin is also unfavorable to most human pathogens. The skin is too acid and too arid for some species. The constant shedding of the surface skin layers further hinders the establishment of invaders. The most interesting defense mechanism, however, resu

8、lts from the metabolic activities of the resident flora (resident flora: 聚居植物群). Unsaturated fatty acids, an important component of the lipids in sebum collected from the skin surface, inhibit the growth of several bacterial and fungal cutaneous pathogens. These acids are a metabolic product of cert

9、ain gram-positive members of the cutaneous community, which break down the more complex lipids in freshly secreted sebum.17. The primary purpose of the passage is to(A) offer an analysis of metabolic processes(B) detail the ways in which bacteria and fungi can be inhibited(C) describe mechanisms by

10、which the skin protects itself against pathogens(D) analyze the methods whereby biological systems maintain the status quo(E) provide a specific example of the skins basic defenses against pathogens18. The “resident flora” mentioned in line 16 refer to(A) “Unsaturated fatty acids” (line 17)(B) “sebu

11、m collected from the skin surface” (lines 18-19)(C) “bacterial and fungal cutaneous pathogens” (lines 19-20)(D) “certain gram-positive members of the cutaneous community” (lines 21-22)(E) “more complex lipids” (lines 23)19. Among the natural defenses of the skin against pathogenic organisms are all

12、of the following EXCEPT the(A) dryness of the skin(B) acidity of the skin(C) tendency of the pathogens toward homeostasis(D) shedding of surface layers of the skin(E) metabolic breakdown of lipids20. The author presents her material in which of the following ways?(A) Stating a problem and then suppl

13、ying a solution(B) Presenting a phenomenon and then analyzing reason for it(C) Providing information and then drawing a conclusion from it(D) Making a general statement and then arguing by analogy(E) Making an inference and then developing it by illustration“Masterpieces are dumb,” wrote Flaubert, “

14、They have a tranquil aspect like the very products of nature, like large animals and mountains.” He might have been thinking of War and Peace, that vast, silent work, unfathomable and simple, provoking endless questions through the majesty of its being. Tolstois simplicity is “overpowering (overpowe

15、ring: adj.无法抵抗的, 压倒性的),” says the critic Bayley, “disconcerting,” because it comes from “his casual assumption that the world is as he sees it.” Like other nineteenth-century Russian writers he is “impressive” because he “means what he says,” but he stands apart from all others and from most Western

16、 writers in his identity with life, which is so complete as to make us forget he is an artist. He is the center of his work, but his egocentricity is of a special kind. Goethe, for example, says Bayley, “cared for nothing but himself. Tolstoi was nothing but himself.”For all his varied modes of writ

17、ing and the multiplicity of characters in his fiction, Tolstoi and his work are of a piece (of a piece: adj.一致的). The famous “conversion” of his middle years, movingly recounted in his Confession, was a culmination of his early spiritual life, not a departure from it. The apparently fundamental chan

18、ges that led from epic narrative to dogmatic parable, from a joyous, buoyant attitude toward life to pessimism and cynicism, from War and Peace to The Kreutzer Sonata, came from the same restless, impressionable depths of an independent spirit yearning to get at the truth of its experience. “Truth i

19、s my hero,” wrote Tolstoi in his youth, reporting the fighting in Sebastopol. Truth remained his herohis own, not others, truth. Others were awed by Napoleon, believed that a single man could change the destinies of nations, adhered to meaningless rituals, formed their tastes on established canons o

20、f art. Tolstoi reversed all preconceptions; and in every reversal he overthrew the “system,” the “machine,” the externally ordained belief, the conventional behavior in favor of unsystematic, impulsive life, of inward motivation and the solutions of independent thought.In his work the artificial and

21、 the genuine are always exhibited in dramatic opposition: the supposedly great Napoleon and the truly great, unregarded (unregarded: adj.不受注意的) little Captain Tushin, or Nicholas Rostovs actual experience in battle and his later account of it. The simple is always pitted against (be pitted against:

22、被置于与的对抗中) the elaborate, knowledge gained from observation against assertions of borrowed faiths. Tolstois magical simplicity is a product of these tensions; his work is a record of the questions he put to himself and of the answers he found in his search. The greatest characters of his fiction exem

23、plify this search, and their happiness depends on the measure of their answers. Tolstoi wanted happiness, but only hard-won happiness, that emotional fulfillment and intellectual clarity which could come only as the prize of all-consuming effort. He scorned lesser satisfactions.21. Which of the foll

24、owing best characterizes the authors attitude toward Tolstoi?(A) She deprecates the cynicism of his later works.(B) She finds his theatricality artificial.(C) She admires his wholehearted sincerity.(D) She thinks his inconsistency disturbing.(E) She respects his devotion to orthodoxy.22. Which of th

25、e following best paraphrases Flauberts statement quoted in lines 1-4?(A) Masterpiece seem ordinary and unremarkable from the perspective of a later age.(B) Great works of art do not explain themselves to us any more than natural objects do.(C) Important works of art take their place in the pageant o

26、f history because of their uniqueness.(D) The most important aspects of good art are the orderliness and tranquility it reflects.(E) Masterpieces which are of enduring value represent the forces of nature.23. The author quotes from Bayley (line 8-20) to show that(A) although Tolstoi observes and int

27、erprets life, he maintains no self-conscious distance from his experience(B) the realism of Tolstois work gives the illusion that his novels are reports of actual events(C) unfortunately, Tolstoi is unaware of his own limitation, though he is sincere in his attempt to describe experience(D) although

28、 Tolstoi works casually and makes unwarranted assumption, his work has an inexplicable appearance of truth(E) Tolstois personal perspective makes his work almost unintelligible to the majority of his readers24. The author states that Tolstois conversion represented(A) a radical renunciation of the w

29、orld(B) the rejection of avant-garde ideas(C) the natural outcome of his earlier beliefs(D) the acceptance of religion he had earlier rejected(E) a fundamental change in his writing style25. According to the passage, Tolstois response to the accepted intellectual and artistic values of his times was

30、 to(A) select the most valid from among them(B) combine opposing viewpoints into a new doctrine(C) reject the claims of religion in order to serve his art(D) subvert them in order to defend a new political viewpoint(E) upset them in order to be faithful to his experience26. It can be inferred from t

31、he passage that which of the following is true of War and Peace?(A) It belongs to an early period of Tolstois work.(B) It incorporates a polemic against the disorderliness of Russian life.(C) It has a simple structural outline.(D) It is a work that reflects an ironic view of life.(E) It conforms to

32、the standard of aesthetic refinement favored by Tolstois contemporaries.27. According to the passage, the explanation of Tolstois “magical simplicity” (line 55) lies partly in his(A) remarkable power of observation and his facility in exact description(B) persistent disregard for conventional restra

33、ints together with his great energy(C) unusual ability to reduce the description of complex situations to a few words(D) abiding hatred of religious doctrine and preference for new scientism(E) continuing attempt to represent the natural in opposition to the pretentious答案：17-27：CDCBCBACEAEGRE阅读长难句中译

34、英练习61.But,for a small group of students, professional training might be the way to go since well-developed skills, all other factors being equal, can be the difference between having a job and not.62. Declaring that he was opposed to using this unusual animal husbandry technique to clone humans, he

35、ordered that federal funds not be used for such an experiment-although no one had proposed to do so-and asked an independent panel of experts chaired by Princeton President Harold Shapiro to report back to the White House in 90 days with recommendations for a national policy on human cloning.63. In

36、a draft preface to the recommendations, discussed at the 17 May meeting, Shapiro suggested that the panel had found a broad consensus that it would be morally unacceptable to attempt to create a human child by adult nuclear cloning.64. Because current federal law already forbids the use of federal f

37、unds to create embryos (the earliest stage of human offspring before birth) for research or to knowingly endanger an embryos life, NBAC will remain silent on embryo research.65. If experiments are planned and carried out according to plan as faithfully as the reports in the science journals indicate

38、, then it is perfectly logical for management to expect research to produce results measurable in dollars and cents.61.参考译文但是，对一个小部分学生来说，职业教育也是条可取的路径。因为在其他因素相同的情况下，技能的娴熟是得到工作与否的关键。62.参考译文他宣布自己反对使用这种非同寻常的畜牧繁殖技术来克隆人类，并下令.不准联邦政府基金用于做此类试验-尽管还没有人建议这么做-他还请一个以普林斯顿大学校长哈罗得夏皮罗为首的独立的专家组在90天内向白宫汇报关于制定有关克隆人的国家政策的建议。63.参考译文在5月17日的会议上所讨论的这份建议书的序言草案中，夏皮罗提出，专家组已经达成广泛共识，那就是试图通过成人细胞核克隆来制造人类幼儿的做法在道德上是不可接受的。64.参考译文因为现今的联邦法律已经禁止使用联邦基金克隆胚胎(人类后裔在出生前的最早阶段)用于研究或者有意地威胁胚胎的生命，NBAC在胚胎研究上将保持沉默。65.参考译文如果试验是像科学杂志上的报告所示的那样如实地根据计划规划和实施的话，那么对管理层来说，期待研究能够产生可以用金钱衡量的结果是完全合理的。GRE阅读高频题型应对技巧讲解