学术英语(医学)重点翻译.ppt

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1、1.that one stray request from a patienteven one that is quite relevantmight send the delicately balanced three-ring circus tumbling down.(Para.1)如果病人冷不丁提个要求，即使所提要求十分中肯，也会让我那内心脆弱的平衡乱作一团，就像井然有序同时演出三台节目的大马戏场突然崩塌一样。2.Im piling yet another pill onto her.(Para.3)我还要再给她另加一种药3 shes caught one of my neurons

2、in mid-fire(Para.4)她让我如火如荼的思绪戛然而止4.My instinct is to put one hand up and keep all interruptions at bay.(Para.4)我的本能反应是举手，阻止她打断我的思路。,unit1 Text A,Unit 1 Doctors Life,Text A,5.We merely zip back and forth between them,generally losing accuracy in the process.我们人类只是在两个想法之间来回快速转换，通常情况下，在转换的过程中丢失了精准。6.Th

3、e more thoughts we juggle,the less we are able to attune fully to any given thought.(Para.8)The higher up,the heavier the fall.The more,the better.7.My choices seem to boil down to entertaining fewer thoughts,accepting decreased accuracy for each thought,giving up on thorough documentation,or having

4、 a constant headache from neuronal overload.(Para.10)boil down to:归结为 It boils down to a question of ethics.它可归结成一个伦理学问题。,unit1 Text A,8.In some cases,having a dedicated and competent clinical partner such as a one-on-one nurse can come close to simulating a second brain,but most medical budgets don

5、t allow for such staffing indulgence.(Para.12)有些情况下，有个专注、出色的临床搭档，如一对一的护士，就仿佛有了第二个大脑，不过大多数医疗预算不会如此大方，这样配备人员。,unit1 Text A,Vocabulary test,_ overload（神经过载）a typical office _（典型的诊所就诊）DEXA _（DEXA扫描）medical _（行医）,visit,scan,practice,neuron/neuronal,_ report（乳房X-线检查报告）_ examination（体检）_ of a medication（药物

6、的副作用）,mammogram,side-effects,physical,Text A,Vocabulary test,_control（血压控制）health _（健康保持）perpetual _（永久的恐慌）_ physicians（执业医生）_ field（移植领域）medical _（医疗预算）paracetamol _（扑热息痛药片）_ cap（防孩子打开的盖子）,panic,blood pressure,maintenance,practicing,transplant,budget,tablet,childproof,Unit 1 Doctors Life,Language B

7、uilding-up,Text A,Suggested answers language building-up,Unit 1 Doctors Life,Task 1.2 Match each of the following definitions with its corresponding English term and Chinese equivalent.,colonoscopy,结肠镜检查（术）,hypertension,高血压,mammogram,乳房X线照片,neuron,神经元，神经细胞,nutritionist,营养学家,osteoporosis,骨质疏松,Text A,

8、Suggested answers language building-up,Unit 1 Doctors Life,Task 1.2 Match each of the following definitions with its corresponding English term and Chinese equivalent.,transplant,移植,pneumonia,肺炎,podiatrist,足病医生,refill,再配（处方）,Text B,This conventional wisdom formed the basis for daily confrontations b

9、etween an increasingly restless and resentful patient and an increasingly adamant and doom-predicting clinical clerk.(Para.4)有的病人越来越焦躁不安、越来越愤愤不满，有的临床医生越来越固执己见、越来越热衷于生死决断。这种传统智慧就成了这些病人和临床医生之间天天对抗不断的基础。My subsequent clinical course was far from uneventful.(Para.9)我后来的“临床之路”远非平淡无奇,Text B,they had falle

10、n from 48 to 46 the previous month!(Para.9)（染色体的数量）在上个月已经从48条变为46！（人体到底有多少条染色体？这个问题经过了几十年的反复，到1954年才确定为23对，46条。）I am proud to have contributed to this development,to the skepticism that drives it,and to the better informed treatment decisions and choices which have been made possible as a result.对于随

11、机试验的发展、对于驱动这种发展的怀疑态度、以及对于因此而可能做出更好的知情治疗决定和选择，我有一份贡献，对此我感到自豪。,Text B,Vocabulary test,_ clinical trial（随机临床试验）random _（随机分配）patient _（病人的预后）_group（对照组）a 10-year _ study（10年的跟踪研究）,randomized,allocation,prognosis,control,follow-up,Unit 1 Doctors Life,Language building-up,Text B,Vocabulary test,a medical

12、 _（内科病房）infectious _（传染性肝炎）severe _（身体严重不适）bilirubin _（胆红素代谢）permanent _ damage（永久的肝损伤）,ward,hepatitis,malaise,metabolism,liver,Unit 1 Doctors Life,Text B,Vocabulary test,exacerbate _（加重病理生理状况）medical _（医学文献）clinical _（临床调查）_ of relapse（复发率）clinical _（临床流行病学）,pathophysiology,literature,investigation

13、,metabolism,epidemiology,Unit 1 Doctors Life,Text B,Vocabulary test,strict _ _（严格的卧床休息）hospital _（住院）recurrent _（反复发作的黄疸）clinical _（临床病程）,bed rest,stay,jaundice,course,Unit 1 Doctors Life,Text B,Vocabulary test,_morphine（静脉注射吗啡）_blood pressure（舒张压）brain _（大脑血灌注）_care（初级保健）aorto-coronary arterial _（主

14、动脉冠状动脉旁路）_ treatment decision（知情治疗决定）,intravenous,diastolic,perfusion,primary,bypass,informed,Unit 1 Doctors Life,“Emergence”is in fact regression,a return to the standard that prevailed universally in the previous century,“出现新病”实际上是一种退步，又回到上个世纪普遍存在的水平。which never really went away,though upscale ope

15、ra buffs might have thought it was confined to productions of“La Boheme”虽然上层社会的歌剧迷们也许觉得结核病只是歌剧波西米亚人中的创作，而事实上,结核病就从来没有消失过。歌剧波西米亚人的女主人公咪咪死于肺结核。“The war has been won”,one scientist recently quipped.“By the other side.”“战争胜利了”，最近有位科学家嘲弄道。”是对方（传染病）获胜。”,Page 27,Task 1 Medical Terminology,Page 33-34,Text A

16、 Suggested Answers,Peoples minds are infected by spin a contagion of half-truths,fearful fictions,and blatant deceit.(Para.3)人心被蛊惑，受各种歪理邪说的感染，有半真半假的报道、有恐怖骇人的杜撰、还有赤裸无耻的欺骗。They work long hours and schedule our time to the hilt.(Para.4)他们（那些需求）长期存在，把我们的时间挤得满满当当。Spin occurs when we live unconsciously,pu

17、shed and pulled in so many directions that they loose a grip of our inner and outer realities.(Para.3)我们受蛊惑是因为我们活得浑浑噩噩，被逼得东奔西撞、晕头转向，以至于无法把握我们的内心真实和身外现实。,Text A,Unit 5 Healthy LivingSpin occurs when we live unconsciously,pushed and pulled in so many directions that they loose a grip of our inner and

18、outer realities.(Para.3)我们受蛊惑是因为我们活得浑浑噩噩，被逼得东奔西撞、晕头转向，以至于无法把握我们的内心真实和身外现实。However,some people go through life on automatic pilot.(Para.2)然而，有些人的生活是走一步，算一步。unit10A solution to ED boarding may thus be to invert the current paradigm of incentives and reimbursement and reprioritize our scarce health car

19、e resources and hospital beds for patients with emergency or urgent conditions,解决急救室拥挤的一种方法是，转变当前的奖励和报销模式，让有紧急需求的病人优先享有稀缺的医疗资源和病床,a health_(健康危机)physical_(身体症状)energy and_(能量和活力)be completely _ from sth.(完全免疫)_of falseness(虚假的病毒)stressful_(有压力的生活方式)_emotion(健全的感情)_health(脆弱的健康)to _ our mind,body,and

20、 spirit(平衡心理，身体和精神)_life(精神生活)the _to wellness(通向身心健康的“路障”)_emotions(被压抑的感情)_feelings and emotions(真情实感)_influences(心理影响)fully _human beings(十全十美的人),Text A Language Building-up,Vocabulary Test,crisis,symptoms,vitality,immune,virus,lifestyle,robust,fragile,balance,spiritual,blockages,repressed,genuin

21、e,integrated,physiological,Unit 5 Healthy Living,Text A,fragile,虚弱的，脆弱的,unconscious,无意识的,blockage,障碍物,vitality,生机，活力,triple,增至三倍,Task1/Medical terminologyMatch each definition with its corresponding English term and Chinese equivalent.,Suggested answers,2,Language building-up,Unit 5 Healthy Living,_

22、teeth(蛀牙)_professor(营养教授)burgeoning_(迅速膨胀的腰围)_water(瓶装水)caloric_(热量摄入)to curb_(节制食欲),Text BLanguage Building-up,Vocabulary Test,decaying,intake,appetite,nutrition,waistline,bottled,Unit 5 Healthy Living,Text C Language Building-up,Vocabulary Test,protein,obesity,lean,dietary,grains and_(谷物和蛋白质)child

23、hood_(儿童肥胖症)_protein(精益蛋白质)_habits(饮食习惯)_of life(生活质量)_category(乳制品类)prevention of _(糖尿病的预防)sodium_(钠的含量),quality,diary,diabetes,content,Unit 5 Healthy Living,Text A,He was large and powerfully built but never seemed to loom over his patients他身材高大伟岸，但是从来不让病人有咄咄逼人的感觉as movements calling for patient e

24、mpowerment grew and medical ethicists began articulating principles regarding the ethical care of patients.要求病人授权的呼声越来越高，而且医学伦理学家也开始阐述病人伦理关怀的相关原则。One tenet that gained particular traction among clinicians临床医生们尤为拥护的一条宗旨this ethical principle led to a new clinical ideal:patient-centered care这条伦理原则导致了一

25、种新的临床理念的出现：以病人为中心的医护。,and that interpretation would work its way into the teachingprograms of medical schools and into state laws that mandated discussion of treatment options with patients.而且，对病人自主性的解释逐渐进入了医学院校的课程，也被写进各州的法律，规定医生必须与病人讨论治疗方案的选择。young doctors,myself included,would be trained to restra

26、in ourselves from making anything but emergency or mundane decisions for patients.包括我在内，年轻医生将接受培训，学会除了一些紧急状况或日常琐事，不为病人作其他任何决定,While doctors might equate letting patients make their own decisions with respect虽然医生也许认为让病人自己作决定就是尊重病人Some will resort to veiling their own opinions in ahalfhearted attempt

27、to direct the decision.有些医生采取的做法是隐藏自己的观点，用隐隐约约的方式引导病人作决定。While the doctors might be convinced that they are being objective and dispassionate,more often than not they are sending mixed messages.虽然医生坚信自己的态度客观冷静，但往往他们在向病人发出莫衷一是的信息。,a nursing _(护士站)_machines(生命维持系统)comfort _(舒适护理措施)to _ treatment(停止治疗)

28、_ decision-making process(家长式决策程序)patient _(给病人授权)medical _(医学伦理学家)ethical_(伦理准则)clinical _(临床理念)_ care(以病人为中心的护理),Text A Language Building-up,Vocabulary Test,station,life-support,measures,withdraw,paternalistic,empowerment,ethicists,principles,ideal,Unit 7 Life and Medicine,patient-centered,patient

29、 _(病人自主权)treatment _(治疗选择)_purview(专属领域)_ decisions(紧急情况下做的决定)physician_(对医生的限制)_ and confusion(焦虑与困惑)ethical _(违背伦理)family _(家庭医疗),Text A Language Building-up,Vocabulary Test,autonomy,options,exclusive,emergency,restraint,anxiety,transgression,practice,Unit 7 Life and Medicine,Text A,Task 1/Medical

30、 terminology Match each definition with its corresponding English term and Chinese equivalent.,medication,药物，药物治疗,自主性,autonomy,临床医生,clinician,surgical,外科的,painful,疼痛的,Suggested answers,Language building-up,2,Unit 7 Life and Medicine,Text A,physician,医生，内科医生,clinical,临床的,ethicist,伦理学家,unethical,不道德的,

31、hospitalize,住院,Task1/Medical terminologyMatch each definition with its corresponding English term and Chinese equivalent.,Suggested answers,2,Language building-up,Unit 7 Life and Medicine,widespread _(广泛转移)_treatment(积极治疗)_ lesion(原发病灶)to recommend _(建议随访)electronic_(电子病历)pulmonary _(肺栓塞)computerize

32、d _(CT,计算机断层扫描)bilateral _(双侧浸润)a(n)_ X-ray(X线胸片)left _ pneumonia(左下叶肺炎)_ breathing(呼吸困难)the hospice_(临终关怀团队),Text B Language Building-up,Vocabulary Test,metastases,aggressive,primary,follow-up,record,emboli,tomography,infiltrates,chest,Unit 7 Life and Medicine,lower-lobe,labored,team,_ illness(慢性病)

33、_ aspects(社会心理学领域)evidence-based _(询证临床指南)to _a plan of care(实施治疗方案),Text C Language Building-up,Vocabulary Test,chronic,psychosocial,guidelines,implement,Unit 7 Life and Medicine,Text A,Task 1/Medical terminology Match each definition with its corresponding English term and Chinese equivalent.,mala

34、dy,疾病,专业,specialty,开处方,prescribe,diagnosis,诊断,Suggested answers,Language building-up,2,Unit 9 Medical Education,Text A,treatment,治疗,residency,（医生的）住院实习期,technician,技师,manifestation,表现,Task1/Medical terminologyMatch each definition with its corresponding English term and Chinese equivalent.,Suggested

35、 answers,2,Language building-up,Unit 9 Medical Education,professionalism,专业精神,medical school _(医学院课程)the medical education_(医学教育界)to meet the publics_(达到公众的期待)personal _(个人品质)to place _on(看重)clinical _(临床疾病)_errors(诊断错误)classic _(典型临床表现)the _ of physicians(医生的民本意识),Text A Language Building-up,Vocabu

36、lary Test,curriculum,community,diagnostic,expectations,manifestations,civic mindedness,attributes,value,maladies,Unit 9 Medical Education,bedside _(医生对患者的态度临床举止)to scan hospital _(搜索医院名录)a(n)_ part(不可分割的一部分)_ communities(服务匮乏的社区)primary care _(初级保健缺乏)_ evaluations(证书评估)to _ the needs(应对需要),Text BLan

37、guage Building-up,Vocabulary Test,directories,certification,manner,underserved,shortage,integral,Unit 9 Medical Education,address,Text C Language Building-up,Vocabulary Test,basics,the _ of anatomy(解剖基础知识)a(n)_hospital(教学医院)a(n)_medical center(学术医学中心)to _ teaching hospitals(隶属于教学医院)_ credits(钠的含量),c

38、ontinuing medical education,teaching,affiliate with,academic,Unit 9 Medical Education,Unit 10Text A,We know,for example,that people are very bad at undertaking actions with costs in the short term and benefits only down the road(witness saving for retirement).例如，我们知道人们很不愿意做眼下要付出代价、而长期会获益的行为（例如为退休存钱。

39、The GAO has noted that many hospital administrators tolerate ED crowding and even divert inbound ambulances rather than postpone or cancel elective admissions.政府问责办公室意识到，许多医院管理者对一些可收可不收的病人不是采取推迟或取消入院处理方法，而是对急诊科拥挤现象采取容忍态度，有的甚至将进院的救护车转到别处。,medical _(医疗保险支付范围)medical and _(医疗保险和医疗救助)a(n)_ system(单一支付者系

40、统)to _ the uncovered(补助无保险的人)to _care(提供医疗)_ tests(重复的检查)a(n)_study(长期的研究)vision _(视力缺陷),Text A Language Building-up,Vocabulary Test,coverage,Medicaid,sustained,single-payer,deficits,subsidize,value,deliver,Unit 10 Health CareSystem,Text B,Difficult sentences,The Shakespearean warning“Defer no time,

41、delays have dangerous ends”is an apt precept for the treatment of emergency and urgent conditions which has been underemphasized of late.近来我们对紧急救护缺乏重视，莎翁的警句：“不要推迟了，迁延会误事”是对这种状况适时的提醒。,Critical reading and thinking,Unit 10 Health CareSystem,Text B,Difficult sentences,A solution to ED boarding may thus

42、 be to invert the current paradigm of incentives and reimbursement and reprioritize our scarce health care resources and hospital beds for patients with emergency or urgent conditions,解决急救室拥挤的一种方法是，转变当前的奖励和报销模式，让有紧急需求的病人优先享有稀缺的医疗资源和病床,Critical reading and thinking,Unit 10 Health CareSystem,a transes

43、ophageal _(TEE)(经食管超声心动图)an atrial _(心房血栓)a massive embolic _(大面积栓塞型脑中风)common carotid _(颈总动脉)_ branches(颅内段)middle _ artery syndrome(大脑中动脉综合症)intracranial _(颅内出血),Text BLanguage Building-up,Vocabulary Test,thrombus,cerebral,echocardiogram,artery,shortage,stroke,bleeding,Unit 10 Health CareSystem,_

44、herniation(脑干脱氙)neurologic _(神经功能恢复)mechanical _(机械通气)_ treatment(抗凝血治疗)intravenous _(静脉输液)an academic _(学术型外科医生)hospital _(医院管理者),Text BLanguage Building-up,Vocabulary Test,recovery,surgeon,brain-stem,anticoagulant,infusions,ventilation,administrators,Unit 10 Health CareSystem,inbound _(入院的救护车)_ su

45、rgery(可做可不做的手术)acute myocardial _(急性心肌梗死)_ conditions(对治疗时间要求紧迫的疾病)cardiac _(心搏停止)_ injuries(外伤，创伤)percutaneous coronary _(经皮冠状动脉 介入术),Text BLanguage Building-up,Vocabulary Test,elective,traumatic,ambulances,time-critical,arrest,infarction,intervention,Unit 10 Health CareSystem,Text C Language Building-up,Vocabulary Test,multi-payer,a(n)_ model(多家支付者模式)_ insurance programs(全民保险计划)_ insurance(以盈利为目的的保险)_ companies(制药公司)home-brewed _(自创的治疗方法)pay the bill _(自掏腰包付费),remedies,universal,pharmaceutical,for-profit,Unit 10 Health CareSystem,out-of-pocket,