医学词汇构词法.ppt
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1、By Wang Lanying Foreign Language Department,The Formation of Medial Vocabulary,A Course of Learning English for Medical Purposes,I.Target,1.Mastering medical language:vocabulary and discourse level learning,2.Practical application of medical communication:speaking and writing with ML,I.Target,3.Nurt
2、ure the sense of stylistic research,II.Methodology,1.Acquire the knowledge of word formation,2.Understand the medical language traits through reading,3.Observe and summarize the stylistic features,4.Active and energetic learning under the teachers guide,III.Course Arrangement,1.72 Teaching periods,4
3、/week,2.Eight Units this term,3.Required course and exam,4.Term achievements:based on assignments,quiz,class response,and final exam dynamically,Davi-Ellen Chamber says:Studying medical words is very similar to learning a new language.The words at first sound strange and complicated although they ma
4、y stand for commonly known English terms.The words gastralgia,meaning“stomach ache”,and ophthalmologist,meaning eye doctor,are examples.The medical language is fascinatingly logical in that each term,complex or simple,can be broken down into its basic component parts and then understood.,What is med
5、ical language?,Basic elements of medical words,Most medical words are made from a combination of the following elements:the part of the word that we shall call the base(root/stem)because it contains the most fundamental meaning of that word,prefixes and suffixes,and vowels(o/a)that join all these pa
6、rts.,Pneumonoultramicroscopicsilicovolcanoconiosis(45 letters),Pneumono-ultra-microscopic-silico-volcano-coniosis,粉尘病,火山,硅/矽,超显微的,肺的,It develops only after years of exposure to low levels of silica dust.医硅酸盐沉着病,矽肺病Symptoms include hyperventilation,coughing,dysphonia(发声困难),anorexia(厌食),chest pain and
7、 increased susceptibility to tuberculosis,Three major objectives to keep in mind as you study medical terminology.To analyze words structurally.Learn to divide words into basic elements such as roots,suffixes,prefixes,combining vowels,and combining forms.,gastr/o/enter/o/logy,root,root,suffix,Combin
8、ing form,Electr/o/cardi/o/gram,root,root,root,combining vowel,combining vowel,心电图,2.To correlate an understanding of word elements with the basic anatomy,physiology,and disease processes of the human body.Such as hemat/o/logy means the study of the blood.,3.To be continually aware of spelling and pr
9、onunciation problems.Hepatoma:tumor of the liver 肝细胞瘤Hematoma:blood tumor 血肿,OncologyNephrologyNeurologyGastroenterologyNephritisHepatitisBronchitisCarcinomaHematomahepatoma,anatomy:process of cutting upgastrectomy:removal of the stomacharthrotomy:incision of a jointleukemia anemia erythremia Leukoc
10、ytosis 白细胞增多Necrosis 坏死Erythrocytosis 红细胞增多,The Roles of Pronunciation,Medical TerminologySystemsOrgansTissuesCells,Endocrine syst.,Reproductive syst.,Mastery of Medical Words,OrgansTissuesCells,Distribution of vocabulary in medical literature,Essential voc.,Popular science voc.,Medical terms,The 2n
11、d category(15%):hepatitis,appendicitis,encephalopathy,immunodeficiency syndrome,The 3rd category(15%):distill,dilute,dissolve,filtration,magnetization,dynamics,meteorology,pigmentation,The 1st category 70%:comment,investigate,study,Distribution of vocabulary,Combining forms,prefixes,suffixes,cyt/o:c
12、ellderm/o:skinbi/o:lifeaden/o:glandarthr/o:jointnephr/o:kidneyhepat/o:liverleuk/o:whiteoste/o:bone,epi-:abovemulti-:manypoly-:manyex-:outendo-:insidetrans-:acrosshyper-:excessivehypo-:deficient,-emia:blood condition-ectomy:excision-gram:record-cyte:cell-scope:instrument fro visually exam-itis:inflam
13、mation-ist:person specialized in-logy:process of study-oma:tumor-osis:abnormal condition-tomy:cutting,How to improve your word power,I.ConversionII.derivativeIII.Compounding,opportunist 条件致病菌physiology/-ist/-gicasymptomaticantivirusradioimmunoelectrophoresis 放射免疫电泳,(后缀)透入,I.Conversionhost 大批、许多、东道主、
14、主持人、宿主sympathetic block交感神经阻滞术sympathetic nerve交感神经cell 隐士的小屋,巢室,电池,小修道院 capsule 小盒子,航天舱,胶囊药,被膜,reservoir 贮主(zhu)to protect trachea from collapsing the uncompromised host space occupying lesionopportunistic infection Target therapy,II.Derivative,Atypical AsymptomaticAntivirusAntigenAntibodyIntercost
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