六种基本句型结构及练习.ppt

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1、简单句,六大基本句型结构,找一找,由于这件事情，严肃的周老师骂罪魁祸首的我骂得狗血淋头。,主干：主语+谓语+宾语（SVO）,定语：严肃的，罪魁祸首的,状语：由于这件事情,补语：骂得狗血淋头,口诀,主谓宾定状补，句子成分要分清楚；句子主干主谓宾，枝叶部分定状补；定语用在主宾前，谓前为状谓后为补；还有助词的地得，帮助区分定状补。,句型1：主系表结构：Subject(主语)Link.V(系动词)Predicate(表语)这种句型主要用来表示主语的特点、身份等。系动词包括be动词、感官动词、表示变化和持续的动词等 表语一般由名词、形容词、介词短语、动词不定式、动名词等充当。,句型2：主谓结构：Subj

2、ect(主语)Verb(谓语)这种句型中的动词大多是不及物动词，常见的动词：work,sing,swim,fish,jump,arrive,come,die,disappear,cry,happen等。1)Li Ming works very hard.2)The little girl cried even harder.3)The accident happened yesterday afternoon.,1.I like popular music.,2.Smoking does harm to the health.3.The rich should help the poor.4.

3、He enjoys reading.,SVO,句型3：主谓宾结构：Subject(主语)Verb(谓语)Object(宾语)这种句型中的动词一般为及物动词。其宾语通常由名词、代词、动词不定式、动名词或从句等来充当。1)He took his bag and left.（名词）2)Li Lei always helps me when I have difficulties.(代词)3)She plans to travel in the coming May Day.（不定式）4)I dont know what I should do next.(从句),句型4：主谓宾宾结构 Subject

4、(主语)Verb(谓语)Indirect object(间接宾语)Direct object(直接宾语)这种句型中，直接宾语为主要宾语，在句中不可或缺，常常由表示“物”的名词来充当；间接宾语也被称之为第二宾语，去掉之后，对整个句子的影响不大，多由指“人”的名词或代词承担。引导这类双宾语的常见动词有：buy,pass,lend,give,tell,teach,show,bring,send等。,此结构由主语+及物谓语动词+间接宾语（人）+直接宾语（事物）组成；但若要先说出直接宾语（事物），后说间接宾语（人），则要借助于介词to或for。用to侧重指动作的方向，表示朝着，向着，对着某人。用for

5、侧重指动作的受益者，表示为了某人，替某人。常跟双宾语的动词有：（需借助to的）bring,give,lend,hand,offer,pass,pay,promise,return,send,show,teach,tell,write,ask等。（需借助for 的）buy,call,cook,choose,draw,find,get,make,order,sing,save,spare等。,句型5：主谓宾宾补结构：Subject(主语)Verb(动词)Object(宾语)Complement(补语)这种句型中的“宾语 补语”统称为“复合宾语”。宾语补足语的主要作用或者是补充、说明宾语的特点、身份

6、等；或者表示让宾语去完成的动作等。担任补语的常常是名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、分词、动词不定式等。1）You should keep the room clean and tidy.（形容词）2)We made him our monitor.(名词)3)His father told him not to play in the street.(不定式)常见的动词有:tell,ask,advise,help,want,would like,order,force,allow等。注意：动词have,make,let,see,hear,notice,feel,watch等后面所接的动词不定式作

7、宾补时，不带to。1)The boss made him do the work all day.2)I heard her sing in the next room all the time last night.,KEY POINTS,2.宾语补足语 一些感官动词和使役动词常用不带to的不定式做宾补,如：一个感觉两个听，（feel;listen to,hear），三让四看一逃兵，(let,make,have;look at,see,watch,notice;get sb to do sth)，援军做了墙头草，(help sb do/to do)（see/hear也可+sb./sth.do

8、ing）这些大家要记清.,句型6：There be 句型：There be+主语+其它这一结构表示“某地有某物”。主语一般位于there be 之后。值得关注的是，当句中有两个或更多的主语时，动词一般和最近的一个保持一致：1)There are two girls and a boy running on the playground.2)There is a boy and two girls running on the playground.,1.The boy is asleep.(_式)2.The boy is sleeping.(_式)3.The boy is playing th

9、e guitar.(_式)4.He is playing happily.(_式)5.His music is very beautiful.(_式)6.It is beautiful music.(_式),二）判断这些句子的类型1.She is a very good girl.(_式)(_语)(_词)(_语)2.The girl is very good.(_式)(_语)(_词)(_语)3.They laughed.(_式)(_语)(_词)4.The kites fly in the sky.(_式)(_语)(_词)5.I bought a new bike.(_式)(_语)(_词)(_语

10、)6.He plays volleyball.(_式)(_语)(_词)(_语)7.She told me a story.(_式)(_语)(_词)(_语)(_语)8.He gave me a good book.(_式)(_语)(_词)(_语)(_语)9.He asked me to help him.(_式)(_语)(_词)(_语)(_语)10.He made me happy.(_式)(_语)(_词)(_语)(_语),写出下面句子的结构类型：He feels disappointed.I love operas.She always tells me jokes.The children cried and shouted every day.The smiling faces of his children made him happy again.She is quiet and shy.My father bought me a useful dictionary.Mrs.Von Trapp died.She taught the children to sing lively songs and perform short and funny plays to cheer them up.You may become unhappy sometimes.,