主谓一致易错点.ppt

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1、主谓一致易错点,主谓一致：在英语句子里,谓语受主语支配,其动词必须和主语在人称和数上保持一致。,三大基本原则：语法一致原则、概念一致原则、就近原则,The statistics _ that living standards in the area have improved drastically in recent times.(2006,62)A.provesB.is provingC.are provingD.prove,译文：统计数字证明这个地区的生活水平在近几年里有了显著提高。这里的statistics意思是“数据、统计数字”，是复数名词，谓语动词用复数，Statistics还有用

2、作“统计学”意思，用单数。c此外，prove表示“（已）证明”，不可用现代进行时。,D,以-ics结尾的学科名词或是疾病名词或是游戏名称的名词，谓语动词要用单数。e.g.physics(物理学)mathematics(数学)，mechanics(机械学)acoustics(声学)，politics(政治学），economics(经济学)，linguistics(语言学)，athletics(体育学)，tactics(兵法)optics（光学），acoustics（声学），statistics（统计学），diabetes(糖尿病)，measles（麻疹）,Phlebitis(静脉炎)等，Dart

3、s(投镖游戏)，Cards(打纸牌)表示时间、距离、价格、度量衡的复数名词或短语当作为一个整体看待时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。,1,2,Which of the following sentences is INCORRECT?（2014，54）Physics is an important school subject.B.The Niagara Falls is in North America.C.The United States borders Canada.D.Mumps is a kind of infectious disease.,B.A项的physics 是学科名，C项Th

4、e United States 是国名的专有名词，D项mumps”腮腺炎”一种疾病。B.The Niagara Falls尼亚加拉大瀑布不止一条，谓语用复数。,All the Presidents Men _ one of the important books for historians who study the Watergate Scandal.(2007,52)A.remain B.remainsC.remained D.is remaining,B.,B.,B.译文：总统班底仍然是历史学家研究“水门事件”的重要著作之一。,用作书名、剧名、报纸名、国名、组织机构等的复数名词作主语时

5、，谓语动词用单数形式；以-s结尾的地理名称，国名the United States,the United Nations(联合国)，the Netherlands(荷兰)，用单数。如果是群岛the West Indies(西印度群岛)，山脉the Himalayas(喜马拉雅山脉)，海峡the Straits of Gibraltar(直布罗陀海峡)，瀑布the Niagara Falls(尼亚加拉大瀑布)，用复数,3,以or,eitheror,neithernor,not onlybut also,but(also),nor等连接的名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词形式遵循就近原则，须同最近的主语

6、单复数形式保持一致。,C.,Which of the following sentences is INCORRECT?(2012,51)A.Twenty miles seems like a long walk to him.B.No one except his supporters agree with him.C.Neither Julia nor I were going to the party.D.Few students in my class are really lazy.,C项考neigher.nor.的就近原则。B项中主语是no one，谓语通常用单数；但在非正式语体中

7、，也可根据“就近原则”来决定随后动词的形式，即根据复数supporters使用agree。,4,Mr Wells,together with all the members of his family,_ for Europe this afternoon.(2004)A.are to leave B.are leaving C.is leaving D.Leave,C,当主语后面紧跟as well as,no less than,rather than,more than,but,except,besides,with,accompanied by,along with,together w

8、ith,like,including,in addition to,combined with,as much as 等引导的介词短语，表示伴随的人或者事时，谓语动词的单复数形式由主语的数来决定。,5,Which of the following sentences is grammatically INCORRECT?A.Politics are the art or science of government.B.Ten miles seems like a long walk to me.C.Mumps is a kind of infectious disease.D.All the

9、furniture has arrived undamaged.,A,ten miles看作整体单数，mumps腮腺炎这个单词就是以s结尾的，不可数名词；furniture在英语里是不可数名词；A里的politics并不是指政治，而是指政治学(political science)，是不可数名词，此外，politics表示政治可以看作不可数名词，也可以看作复数，比如Politics have always interested me.,Which of the following sentences is INCORRECT?(2012,65)APoultry are very expensiv

10、e in the city.BNew machinery were introduced in the factory.CThe police are investigating the murder case.DThe militia were called out to rescue flood victims.,B.,集合名词指整体时，用单数代词；指由不同的人组成的集合时，用复数代词，像Audience,couple,family,public,class,crowd,government,staff,committee,group,team,crew,company集体名词;但是有些集

11、体名词，像foliage（叶子）,machinery,equipment,furniture（家具）,merchandise（商品）,通常作不可数名词，随后的动词用单数。police,people,cattle,poultry，militia(民兵)等通常作复数，用复数动词,6,如果主语是由“a committee/panel/board of+复数名词”构成，随后的动词通常用单数。,例如：A committee of five men and three women is to consider the matter.,某些固定结构中谓语的数：,a great many+可数名词复数 谓语用

12、复数many a+可数名词单数 谓语用单数a number of+可数名词复数 谓语用复数the number of+可数名词复数 谓语用单数the majority of+可数名词复数 谓语用复数each/every+可数名词单数 谓语用单数neither/either of+可数名词复数 谓语用单数more than one+可数名词单数 谓语用单数one and a half+可数名词复数 谓语用单数the greater part of/a large proportion of/50%of/one third of/plenty of/the rest of 谓语的数与of后面的名词

13、一致,More than one person()known it.More persons than one（）known it.Many a worker()killed in the accident.,A has,have,was B.have,have,were C.have,have,was D.Has,have,were,A,7,more than one+n/Many a+n/Every A and every B/No A and no B/one and a half+n 谓语动词用单数。注意：more 复数名词+than one 用复数。e.g.More members

14、than one are against your plan.,e.g.1.A total of ten thousand dollars _ donated last month.(be)2.The total of dollars donated last month _100,000 dollars.(be)3.It is said that the average of moles(痣）a person has_ fourteen.(be)4.An average of 20 candidates _ applied for the job every month.(have),a n

15、umber of/an average of/a total of+名词复数，主语是后面名词the number of/the average of/the total of+名词，主语是number,average,were,was,is,have,8,.Itisfutiletodiscussthematterfurther,because _ going to agree upon anything today.AneitheryounorIare BneitheryounormeisCneitheryounorIam Dneithermenoryouare,C,译文：进一步讨论这个事情是无益的，因为今天你我都在任何事情上不愿达成一致。,