中西方文化的不同 中英文对照.ppt

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1、The Differences between Chinese and western Culture,Diet,首先,中国人和西方人在饮食上是不同的概念。中国人民正在关注的味道。他们追求所有的色、香、味。但西方的概念合理饮食。他们追求提高和他们吸收热量和蛋白质。中国人民非常小心地选择食物。他们只使用新鲜的材料来制造可口的食物。西方国家像英国或美国,他们没有新鲜的食品,因为它们从超市买他们的食品,只出售存储材料中国有很多的想法和技巧用于烹饪。例如,我们可以煮鸡在超过十种方法,人们就可以品尝所有他们津津有味。西方的人并没有很多技能用于烹饪,他们大多只煮、蒸、烤食品。,For one thing,

2、Chinese and Westerners are different concepts in the diet.Chinese people are focus on the taste.They pursue all the Color,flavor and taste.But Western concept of rational diet.They pursue nutrition and they absorb Calorie and protein.Chinese people choice food very carefully.They only use fresh mate

3、rial in order to make delicious food.Western country like English or American,they dont have fresh food because they buy their food from supermarket which only sells stored materials.Chinese have a lot of ideas and techniques for cooking.For example,We can cook a chicken in over ten ways and people

4、can taste all them with relish.Western people do not have many skills for cooking,mostly they only boil,steam and bake the food.,The atmosphere of Western-style food is particular about scenery.The good restaurant is generally built in the beautiful mountaintop,park or the revolving dining-room of t

5、he city center high building.So Western-style food is“Eat the scenery”but not“Eat taste”.在西方，人们看重就餐的环境。一家好的餐馆最好建在风景如画的山顶、公园或者城市中心的高楼上。所以西餐吃的不是味道，是环境。The atmosphere of Chinese food is particular about taste and participation.Chinese food conquers the world with taste.There is a folk adage in China“If

6、 I want to conquer your heart,I will conquer your stomach first”.Everybody sits around table while eating Chinese food,everybody is eating the dish in the same plate,the hospitable host will also nip the dish into your bowl,it is so friendly.The friendship between person and person is deeper after a

7、 meal.在中国，人们看重食物的味道与分享。中餐以美味征服世界。中国有句古话：欲征服人心，先征服人胃。进餐时，大家一起围坐在餐桌旁，所有人共同分享一个盘子中的食物，主人还会热情的为你夹菜。一顿饭后，人们之间的情谊会加深。,Whats more,Chinese and westerners are different ways and manners in the diet.As well as Im concerned,there is also a huge difference between Chinese and Western people,I think.Chinese peop

8、le use chopsticks and western people use fork and knife.Chinese just use chopstick to pick things and pass it into their mouse.But western people who use fork and knife will use fork to hold the meat and cut it by knife and use fork to help to get that piece of meat into mouse.Apart of this,Chinese

9、people only have three meals during a day.But western people will have more,they have afternoon tea.Usually they would have fruits,homemade cake,tea and cheese.更重要的是,中国人和西方人的饮食都是不同的方式和礼仪。以及我所关心的,我想中国和西方的人们也有一个巨大区别。中国人使用筷子和西方人民使用刀叉。中国只是用筷子把东西并将它送到他们的嘴巴。但是西方那些使用刀叉将使用叉子来保存肉，使用刀和叉的以帮助来吃到这一块肉。除了这个,中国的人们只

10、有在一天三顿饭。但西方的人们将会有更多,他们喝下午茶。通常他们会有水果、蛋糕、茶和奶酪。,The Differences between Chinese and western Culture,Wedding,中西方婚礼的差异,LOVE,Chinese weddings,Chinese wedding customs are still maintained traditional style.Chinese wedding wearing a red cheongsam.The Chinese regard the color red as the symbol of happiness，s

11、uccess，luck，faith and growth They like red very much，which comes from worship of the Sun In traditional Chinese weddings，there are double Xi characters in red，red scarves，red flowers and the bride wears a red coat.中国的婚礼习俗仍保持着传统的风格。中国婚礼上新娘穿一件红色旗袍。中国人将红色看做是幸福、成功、好运、忠诚和繁荣的象征。他们很喜欢红色，其实是由于对太阳的崇拜。在传统中国婚礼

12、上，有红色的“囍”字、红色的丝带、红花和新娘的红衣。,The food the bride eats has cultural significance.In traditional weddings，the bride usually has red dates，peanuts，longans and melon seeds The meaning is evident in the Chinese pronunciation of these four foods When they are said together，it sounds like Have a baby soon新娘吃的

13、食物也是一种文化象征传统婚礼上，新娘一般会吃红枣、花生、桂圆和瓜子。其中的象征意义可以从这四种食物的读音中看出。当这四种食物放在一起读时就是“早生贵子”。,Western wedding,Western wedding customs is a romantic style，Married to western costume;The bride dressed in white,football,wearing a white garlands,but also cast a long white,carrying white flowers.西方婚礼习俗是一种浪漫风格。西方人结婚要穿礼服；

14、新娘身着白衫、白裙、头戴白色花环，还要罩上长长的白纱，手持白色花束。总之，西方人崇尚白色，它象征爱情纯洁、吉祥如意。,Throwing the bouquet:It is the last but one item of a wedding,which also is the most popular one.It is said who is lucky enough to catch the bouquet,she will be the next bride.In some place,only girls has the access to take part in this exci

15、ting activity.抛花束:这是最后的但有一项婚礼,这也是最受欢迎的一个。据说谁足够幸运接花束,她将成为下一个新娘。在一些地方,只有女孩来参与这一令人振奋的活动。,The Differences between Chinese and western Culture,Festival,中国传统节日文化的特色食品和葡萄酒。西方传统节日文化特色的娱乐中国传统节日文化背景下的农耕文化。西方传统节日文化背景下的基督教。不同的背景，传统节日文化不同内容的节日文化不同的价值取向不同的民族文化心理,Traditional Chinese festival culture featured by fo

16、od and wine.Traditional western festival culture featured by entertainment.Traditional Chinese festival culture under the background of farming culture.Traditional western festival culture under the background of Christianity.Different background of traditional festival cultureDifferent contents of

17、festival cultureDifferent value orientationDifferent national culture mentality,Important traditional festivals,Chinese onesSpring FestivalTomb sweeping DayGhost FestivalDragon Boat FestivalQixi Lovers DayMid-autumn DayNew Years Day,Western ones Christmas DayAll Saints Day(Halloween)Easter Valentine

18、s DayThanksgiving DayNew Years Day,中国传统节日文化的集体主义。中国传统节日注重群体活动和伦理道德的传承。西方传统节日文化的个人主义。西方传统节日特别注重表达个人情感和个人的心理感受。,Traditional Chinese festival culture featured by collectivism.Chinese traditional festivals attach more importance to group activity and the passing down of ethics and virtues.Traditional we

19、stern festival culture featured by individualism.Western traditional festivals lay great emphasis on the expression of personal emotions and the individual psychological feelings.,特殊形式文化传统的中国节日。中国传统节日文化追求快乐的结局和和谐朝拜是西方传统节日文化。古希腊文化是基督基督教文化乃是罪意识,Comedy-oriented traditional Chinese festival culture.Trad

20、itional Chinese festival culture pursuit the happy ending and harmonyTragedy-oriented traditional western festival culture.Ancient Greek culture are tragic-consciousChristian culture are sin conscious,The Differences between Chinese and western Culture,Education,Throughout England,politicians,parent

21、s and pundits worry that the industriousness and discipline of kids in the East are leaving relatively relaxed Westerners trailing behind.Though there is some debate surrounding the statistics,it is widely believed that North America is failing to produce sufficient graduates in sciences and enginee

22、ring.,整个英格兰，政治家，家长和专家们担心，孩子在东方的勤劳和纪律，离开相对宽松的西方人尾随其后。虽然有一些争议的统计，它被广泛认为北美未能在科学和工程上产生足够的毕业生。,Chinese students are taught that all questions have but one right answer and there is little room for debate.North American education needs to move away from an emphasis on fun,flexibility and individual learni

23、ng styles.Instead,it has to shift towards a more strict,disciplined teaching environment that math and science,in particular,seem to demand.This shift can be discerned even in Canada,where there are no college entrance exams,and where,standardized testing,memorization and rote learning have long bee

24、n frowned upon.,中国学生学习所有的问题只有一个正确的答案，很少有讨论的余地。北美教育需要从强调乐趣，灵活性和个人的学习风格。相反，它已转向更为严格，纪律严明的教学环境，数学和自然科学，特别是，似乎需求。这种转变可以看出，即使在加拿大，在那里没有大学入学考试，并在那里，对标准化测试，记忆和背诵一直不满。,Western students enjoy a seemingly relaxed educational experience.however,This is not the case for students in Asia,who face crushingworkloa

25、ds and are often very disciplined.In the first part of her Globalist.China has a long history of standardized tests,beginning with the ancient imperial exams initiated during the Sui Dynasty.Shelly Chen is at the top of the class at the Shanghai foreign language school,one of the citys best middle s

26、chools.Already near fluent in English,she is studying German and ranks among the highest in her grade in physics.Her goal is to get a full scholarship to Harvard to study biochemistry.It is not only Western expatriates that grow anxious when hearing about students like Shelly.,西方学生享受一个看似轻松的教育经验。然而，这

27、不是在亚洲的学生，面对破碎的工作量，往往是非常有纪律的案件。在她的应对全球化的第一部分。中国有着悠久的历史，标准化测试开始与隋唐时期Dynasty.Shelly陈发起的古代科举考试是在顶部之类的，在上海外国语学校，全市最好的中学之一。已接近流利的英语，她正在研究之中她在物理级最高的德国和职级。她的目标是获得全额奖学金到哈佛学习生物化学。它不仅像雪莱学生听力时，成长焦虑西方的外籍人士,The Differences between Chinese and western Culture,Greeting and Parting,There are so many cultural differe

28、nces on politeness between western and Chinese which can be found in many aspects of daily communication,including addressing,greeting and parting,compliments,apologies,thanks,and so on.In the following,we will mainly look at the Greeting and Parting.,在礼仪方面，中西方文化同样有着许多差异。主要表现在日常交流的众多方面，包括称呼、打招呼与道别、道

29、贺、致歉和致谢等。接下来我们重点关注在打招呼与道别上的中美文化差异。,When people meet acquaintances or friends,people usually greet each other.The purpose of greeting is to establish or maintain social contact.So formulaic expressions are often used,but such formulaic expressions often causes conflict because of the great cultural d

30、ifferences between Chinese and native English speakers.In English,people often employ the following expressions to greet each other“Good morning/evening/afternoon.”“Fine day,isnt it?”“How is everything going?”“Have you eaten yet?”“What are you going to do?”“Where have you been?”etc.Westerners treat

31、them as real question.While in Chinese,we always say“Do you have a meal？”“Where are you going？”“What are you going todo？”to show our consideration.,当人们见到熟人或朋友,人们通常会互相问候。问候的目的是建立或维持社交。那么公式化的表达方式是非常常用的,但这样的公式化表达常常会因为中西方的巨大文化差异而引起误会。在英语中,人们常常通过以下语句来问候彼此“早上好/下午好/晚上好。”“晴朗的一天,不是吗?”“一切都好吗?”“你吃过了 吗?”“你有什么打算

32、?”“你去哪儿了?”等。西方人把他们视为真正的问题。而在中国,我们总是说“你吃饭吗?”“你要去哪儿?”“你会干些什么?”来显示我们的问候。,Parting may be divided into two steps.Before the final prating,there is usual a leave-taking.Western and Chinese cultures have diverse ways to deal with leave-takings.Firstly,in English society,during the closing phase of an encou

33、nter,from“I”perspective,reasons for terminating the encounter are presented in mitigatory comments.Typical comments are associated with expressions of apology,such as“I”am afraid I must be off,I have to relieve the baby-sitter”etc.Western people believe that to be willing to visit and converse with

34、someone is to have respect for him.To terminate the visiting is not of ones own free will,but because of some other arrangements,therefore they always try to make their leaving sound reluctant by finding some reasons and apologize for it to make the leaving acceptable for both parties.English speake

35、rs often signal several times before leaving.“Well,its been nice to see you again.I do enjoy our talk and the lovely dinner,but I must be going soon”.Thank you very much for asking me over.I hope well be able to get together again before long”Consolidation in a wider range of common acquaintances al

36、so occurs,in expressions such as“Say hello to Jack for me”or“Remember me to John”.In Chinese society,during the closing phase of and encounter,usually,from a“you”perspective,reasons for ending the encounter are set forth in mitigatory expressions.Such expressions include“你挺忙的，我就不多打扰了。”“你一定累了，早点休息吧，我

37、就先 告辞了。”,etc.With these words,they may stand up from their seats.Chinese leave-taking is very short and quick.Western people think it so abrupt that they have not prepare for it.While moving to the door,Chinese employ expressions of apology like“对不起没，打扰了。”“对不起，占用你不少时间。”It should be noted that these

38、expressions employed by Chinese guests to show concern for their hosts can only be appropriate for business visits in the English environment。,道别可能分为两个步骤。在最后的离开前，通常会有一次告别。中国和西方文化中有不同的方法来对待leave-takings。首先,在西方社会,在最后阶段的告别,从“我”的角度来看,告别的提出是在委婉的语气下。典型的语气是表示自己的歉意,如“恐怕我得走了”,“我不得不去工作了”等。西方人认为乐意去访问与交流是对对方表示尊

39、重。告辞不是因为自己的意愿,而是因为一些其他安排,因此他们总是试着让他们的告别显得那么不舍并寻找一些原因表示歉意,是双方都能感到高兴。以英语为母语人士在离开前经常会给予几次信号。“好吧,很高兴再次见到你。我喜欢我们的谈话和丰盛的晚餐,但我必须很快就要走”。谢谢你邀请我。我希望我们能再次聚在一起”最后还有一个常用的表达语句,如“代我向杰克问好”或“代我向约翰问好”。在中国社会,在告别时,通常,从一个“你”的角度来看,告别语句十分委婉。包括“你挺忙的,我就不多打扰了。”“你一定累了,早点休息吧,我就先告辞了。”等等。说这些话时，人们会从自己的座位站起来。中国人在告别时事简洁而快的。西方人认为它那么突然,他们还没有做好准备。当走到门口时,中国人通常会说“对不起,打扰了。”“对不起,占用你不少时间”。应该指出的是,致谢在中国客人对主人的告别方式在英国只适用于在商务会面的环境下。,Made by 11，3,