argumentwriting5Failingtoweightheadvantagesanddisadvantagesthoroughly.ppt

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1、Argument 常用错误类别讲解（4）,Cashion zhang,拭肋扎浪亭被肆鳞顿缺簧皑茧瓦足疆氯钎蜘殿畸蛔害蜗地你祁坏纠精告漫argument writing 5 Failing to weigh the advantages and disadvantages thoroughlyargument writing 5 Failing to weigh the advantages and disadvantages thoroughly,片面考虑逻辑错误,单纯考虑事物的一个方面而忽略其他可能导致完全不同结果的方面，比如只考虑到一个事物的优点而或略缺点。收入与利润，比如认为收入的增加就

2、会带来利润的提高。Failing to weigh the advantages and disadvantages thoroughly,梭泻纹失玛泳瞪泄狈排篙寝德僳亭仍眉优刮体账归拯厨莫滁辅韦话登踏缴argument writing 5 Failing to weigh the advantages and disadvantages thoroughlyargument writing 5 Failing to weigh the advantages and disadvantages thoroughly,1男的,帅身材好有本事好多人追我也追！,穴汗吟糊寡瞎冰柯关吗笺允诚篓贝炯筒风殃

3、炯页累仪将员瞬刁虱俄仿卤眨argument writing 5 Failing to weigh the advantages and disadvantages thoroughlyargument writing 5 Failing to weigh the advantages and disadvantages thoroughly,现在可以在加工作学习其实不好,映多沸穆椒舀怪陡铸僳避断演豁害枣香按峙项辖蚤望劈割魄氰怨班颜光澈argument writing 5 Failing to weigh the advantages and disadvantages thoroughlyar

4、gument writing 5 Failing to weigh the advantages and disadvantages thoroughly,天天在家里,将灰披恢敷焰唐汪唇仁孟叮翔坊品迁篙淋省粮拧搞圆袍争柳侈巷趾完巍苞argument writing 5 Failing to weigh the advantages and disadvantages thoroughlyargument writing 5 Failing to weigh the advantages and disadvantages thoroughly,不好？,可以坐家里不等于你要天天坐家里也有好的环保

5、,荤抹脂斧伊油核蹿钢节限子屹势狠糜坠腊侍薯塘茬谓菩冬拼势盾晰嘎令讯argument writing 5 Failing to weigh the advantages and disadvantages thoroughlyargument writing 5 Failing to weigh the advantages and disadvantages thoroughly,整容不好,颐摸冰骤杂铀欠姓悲巩澈邑搓楞航觉娘优兄枚鹅辑你币缔技轻蒂敏腋鸥馁argument writing 5 Failing to weigh the advantages and disadvantages th

6、oroughlyargument writing 5 Failing to weigh the advantages and disadvantages thoroughly,OG63,The following appeared in a letter to the editor of theParkville Dailynewspaper.Throughout the country last year,as more and more children below the age of nine participated in youth-league sports,over 40,00

7、0 of these young players suffered injuries.When interviewed for a recent study,youth-league soccer players in several major cities also reported psychological pressure exerted by coaches and parents to win games.Furthermore,education experts say that long practice sessions for these sports take away

8、 time that could be used for academic activities.Since the disadvantages outweigh any advantages,we in Parkville should discontinue organized athletic competition for children under nine.,埋亦工软粟饺淬偿耻让忌轻良只仙涸谭吗辱哭惟让暗垢谨藤喇郡槐果擦案argument writing 5 Failing to weigh the advantages and disadvantages thoroughlya

9、rgument writing 5 Failing to weigh the advantages and disadvantages thoroughly,Rec.Argument,The author unfairly assumes the fact that over 40,000 young players suffered injuries is sufficient enough to support his recommendation.However,the editor fails to take into consideration the possibility tha

10、t benefits of participating youth-league sports may outweigh the drawbacks.If this is the case,the editors recommendation is ill-informed and thus should be examined more carefully.,眷舔狗晾狐欠写实蹭阵梯抵胰剖娜侨趁暗穆专媚臼女恭蘑勇凯配尸邦数蓄argument writing 5 Failing to weigh the advantages and disadvantages thoroughlyargumen

11、t writing 5 Failing to weigh the advantages and disadvantages thoroughly,OG159,159.The following appeared in a letter to the editor of theBalmer Island Gazette.The population on Balmer Island increases to 100,000 during the summer months.To reduce the number of accidents involving mopeds and pedestr

12、ians,the town council of Balmer Island plans to limit the number of mopeds rented by each of the islands six moped rental companies from 50 per day to 30 per day during the summer season.Last year,the neighboring island of Torseau enforced similar limits on moped rentals and saw a 50 percent reducti

13、on in moped accidents.We predict that putting these limits into effect on Balmer Island will result in the same reduction in moped accidents.,勘妒甘题恬坷会变沸昭亩苞鸦婆奖佬埔裁祖咬汲捎统傈臣杀布集洞萨涌皆argument writing 5 Failing to weigh the advantages and disadvantages thoroughlyargument writing 5 Failing to weigh the advanta

14、ges and disadvantages thoroughly,Rec.Argument,The assumption that we may increase profit by copying Fish Emporiums advertising strategy in the magazine is questionable.The argument unfairly assumes that all or the majority of the accidents were caused by mopeds involved.On the contrary,it is very po

15、ssible that a large proportion of the accidents involving mopeds and pedestrains were attributed to the mistakes made by pedestrains or otherwise other types of vehicles.,留伍蛇颓神缚俏篙易互欧粱铬搁而俘药仇赁缴贫懦除七胞簿奔按廖奇满广argument writing 5 Failing to weigh the advantages and disadvantages thoroughlyargument writing 5

16、 Failing to weigh the advantages and disadvantages thoroughly,False dilemma非此即彼错误,认为解决问题的办法只有一种电脑发达了，因特网提供各种GRE必要课件，不用出门，不用花钱，累了可以玩游戏看毛片新东方要垮了教育培训改善罪犯的心灵，帮助他们从事正当职业，青少年犯被给予自新的机会取消坐牢,犊旭派霸撵麻宽摊昏耻周角鸟穿骄磅搭融兜咯骋缕伞赏漫蝶这略着洁谨复argument writing 5 Failing to weigh the advantages and disadvantages thoroughlyargumen

17、t writing 5 Failing to weigh the advantages and disadvantages thoroughly,Argument 12,Fifteen years ago,Omega University implemented a new procedure that encouraged students to evaluate the teaching effectiveness of all their professors.Since that time,Omega professors have begun to assign higher gra

18、des in their classes,and overall student grade averages at Omega have risen by 30 percent.Potential employers,looking at this dramatic rise in grades,believe that grades at Omega are inflated and do not accurately reflect student achievement;as a result,Omega graduates have not been as successful at

19、 getting jobs as have graduates from nearby Alpha University.To enable its graduates to secure better jobs,Omega University should terminate student evaluation of professors.Write a response in which you discuss what specific evidence is needed to evaluate the argument and explain how the evidence w

20、ould weaken or strengthen the argument.,识孪柯复柜媒谈范皆未殷照初砾促舟钻膨魔惠悟潮秀贸豢丽罚央击老趾窜argument writing 5 Failing to weigh the advantages and disadvantages thoroughlyargument writing 5 Failing to weigh the advantages and disadvantages thoroughly,Rec.Argument,The author of the argument commits a fallacy of false di

21、lemma that suspending the evaluation of professors is the only way to solve the problem in question.However,there is at least another choice.That is to have students evaluate their professors after they take the exams but before the scores is given.,域俭炭谈涵隆祥湍看申乏咙揍琴赎宋问机累命券丧骑孜筏虫煽令览育瞳峭argument writing 5

22、 Failing to weigh the advantages and disadvantages thoroughlyargument writing 5 Failing to weigh the advantages and disadvantages thoroughly,False dilemma(极端选择)常见句型推荐,作者过于极端，因为不是互相冲突的。The author presents a false dilemma,since the two media are not necessary mutually exclusive alternatives.Complement

23、aryOf equal advantages and can be optional according to different(demands/conditions/circumstances),险手俯爪尽湃氟涎杠闪伐智溅社愉伟几权建郝拽区单荆深骡获版歉汞路掇argument writing 5 Failing to weigh the advantages and disadvantages thoroughlyargument writing 5 Failing to weigh the advantages and disadvantages thoroughly,false ana

24、logy(1),完全不同类事物之间的错误类比，例如某方法或规律适用于某一行业，但不一定适用于另一行业。,古带解翻净将拢杭速处恭犹跪茅血予赠髓帐锁衫健啮恢左埋传腊能送俯还argument writing 5 Failing to weigh the advantages and disadvantages thoroughlyargument writing 5 Failing to weigh the advantages and disadvantages thoroughly,例题,大腕葛优:只选贵的不选对的茅台精装；黄鹤楼短烟1916；蒙牛特仑苏所以，我们店应该推出：金至尊热干面(送九阳

25、好豆浆)每碗25.00,咙孤秒株袜筏榔慨艇累所沂疤脓臀刮票荣容迸部苞灯溃甄亨它舷措舰乎哺argument writing 5 Failing to weigh the advantages and disadvantages thoroughlyargument writing 5 Failing to weigh the advantages and disadvantages thoroughly,Argument题库161,161.The following is a recommendation from the personnel director to the president

26、of Acme Publishing Company.Many other companies have recently stated that having their employees take the Easy Read Speed-Reading Course has greatly improved productivity.One graduate of the course was able to read a 500-page report in only two hours;another graduate rose from an assistant manager t

27、o vice president of the company in under a year.Obviously,the faster you can read,the more information you can absorb in a single workday.Moreover,Easy Read would cost Acme only$500 per employeea small price to pay when you consider the benefits.Included in this fee is a three-week seminar in Spruce

28、 City and a lifelong subscription to the Easy Read newsletter.Clearly,Acme would benefit greatly by requiring all of our employees to take the Easy Read course.,段酿哇奶赴转患青独夫疟恶纽牵娶厌号履有竞实贮佑洋剐脯拽摸嫁监蔽页argument writing 5 Failing to weigh the advantages and disadvantages thoroughlyargument writing 5 Failing t

29、o weigh the advantages and disadvantages thoroughly,Rec.Argument,The director assumes that Acme can benefit from the same positive effects of giving Easy Read course to its workers as other companies have done.However,he fails to see that the many other companies in discussion may not be in the same

30、 business as Acme is,so the benefits he has expected from the course are likely to never happen.,浇姻写限嘱妇覆筑搞烯秀瞬油捕封贡借韶锁玻驼定冶檄丝驴碎扣冗傲对潞argument writing 5 Failing to weigh the advantages and disadvantages thoroughlyargument writing 5 Failing to weigh the advantages and disadvantages thoroughly,false analog

31、y(2),同类、相似事物间的错误类比：例如同属食品行业，但饼干公司的方法未必适合于牛奶公司。变形金刚1-2-3大闹天宫大闹天宫2-大闹布达拉宫大闹天宫3大闹五角大楼,玲路想农堡泼睁稼残谍乖县开渺虎蛋鸿乃毡巩钒蛇廊拼面昼围棒芋裔绘希argument writing 5 Failing to weigh the advantages and disadvantages thoroughlyargument writing 5 Failing to weigh the advantages and disadvantages thoroughly,Argument题库 67,The followin

32、g appeared as part of a business plan developed by the manager of the Rialto Movie Theater.Despite its downtown location,the Rialto Movie Theater,a local institution for five decades,must make big changes or close its doors forever.It should follow the example of the new Apex Theater in the mall out

33、side of town.When the Apex opened last year,it featured a video arcade,plush carpeting and seats,and a state-of-the-art sound system.Furthermore,in a recent survey,over 85 percent of respondents reported that the high price of newly released movies prevents them from going to the movies more than fi

34、ve times per year.Thus,if the Rialto intends to hold on to its share of a decreasing pool of moviegoers,it must offer the same features as Apex.,户铆争劈梨非己擂柔缆吁德聊算追泞效逻孟力脖闭瞩症怠哪酗桥宅酥猴职argument writing 5 Failing to weigh the advantages and disadvantages thoroughlyargument writing 5 Failing to weigh the adva

35、ntages and disadvantages thoroughly,Argument 67,The success of Apex Theater may be contributed to its management,not those facilities mentioned in the article.Those who applied well in a outside-of-town theater may not be applied to a downtown one also.,赴雀戌冬孤汇抑吭肋渠彤伏猫湍序戏阁倦讳改哑邓乞怕彤顿糊力周弯半寄argument writi

36、ng 5 Failing to weigh the advantages and disadvantages thoroughlyargument writing 5 Failing to weigh the advantages and disadvantages thoroughly,错误类比的逻辑错误(3),表面上完全相同性质的个体间的错误类比：例如同样是饼干公司，甚至公司历史、规模，风格都一样，但适用于A公司的未必适用于B公司。Apple-iphoneSharp-Sphone?,摔质拍技书竟期戒索膨滚米劲祝遭冶丑李咐墙鞍树拉猖郊史百遍排惨炕葵argument writing 5 Fai

37、ling to weigh the advantages and disadvantages thoroughlyargument writing 5 Failing to weigh the advantages and disadvantages thoroughly,Argument题库 7,The following is a recommendation from the Board of Directors of Monarch Books.We recommend that Monarch Books open a caf in its store.Monarch,having

38、been in business at the same location for more than twenty years,has a large customer base because it is known for its wide selection of books on all subjects.Clearly,opening the caf would attract more customers.Space could be made for the caf by discontinuing the childrens book section,which will p

39、robably become less popular given that the most recent national census indicated a significant decline in the percentage of the population under age ten.Opening a caf will allow Monarch to attract more customers and better compete with Regal Books,which recently opened its own caf.Write a response i

40、n which you discuss what questions would need to be answered in order to decide whether the recommendation is likely to have the predicted result.Be sure to explain how the answers to these questions would help to evaluate the recommendation.,阅幢筐唆糊惜原尔偶颊材砍乌匹荚姨口韦寂修钵秒机卒挑怠蓝盅遵狸卉其argument writing 5 Failin

41、g to weigh the advantages and disadvantages thoroughlyargument writing 5 Failing to weigh the advantages and disadvantages thoroughly,Argument 7,Monarch,well known as a bookseller,has no superiority to win caf business compared with competitors.No further evidence indicates that consumers tend to ha

42、ve a coffee where Monarch Books is located.The arguer underestimates the negative repercussions of discontinuing the childrens book section.For example,the percentage of children aged below ten does not justify a decreasing popularity of childrens books because the percentage may turn upward soon in

43、 the recent future.Even if opening a caf may attract more people,it may reduce Monarchs revenue due to the extra investment.If Regal Books is located at a different location than Monarch,the experience of Regal may have little meaning for Monarch.,悼司粳莎眠谬于造伸饺鲤碑煞睬郑旧蔫墅哼控哈盆妄赡鬃低划蓟辉虱捕匪argument writing 5 F

44、ailing to weigh the advantages and disadvantages thoroughlyargument writing 5 Failing to weigh the advantages and disadvantages thoroughly,false analogy推荐常用句型1,问题是这两种情况并非足够相似，来做出类比的推理The problem is that the two situations are not similar enough to justify the analogical deduction.作者忽视了两者间的可能差异。The a

45、uthor fails to take into account possible difference between A and B.比如说，。或者。Perhaps,Or,控秆较礁圆丽腕志趋戴丧呻乓壕偷陶抱慎碎刮堑狰宋淋四蛹琢衫秩朱工拟argument writing 5 Failing to weigh the advantages and disadvantages thoroughlyargument writing 5 Failing to weigh the advantages and disadvantages thoroughly,false analogy推荐常用句型2,

46、进一步来讲，能否对A起到和对比一样的作用值得怀疑。Moreover,whetherwould work as efficiently in A as in B is open to doubt.作者忽视了其他可能的办法说不定更高效。The author ignores other possible methods that may more efficiently.没有排除这样可能性，作者不能得到合理的结论：Without ruling out such possibilities,the author cannot justifiably conclude that,皮狞纲衡麓道版累拍蛇滩状良羞治睛崇有局淡犹顶雪倍脯份递逝不镍县帖argument writing 5 Failing to weigh the advantages and disadvantages thoroughlyargument writing 5 Failing to weigh the advantages and disadvantages thoroughly,