j建筑施工之荷载与结构静力计算表.doc

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1、to clean and repair, it is strictly forbidden to head reaches into the mechanical stroke range. 17th article: in overhead transmission line following work should blackout, cannot blackout Shi, due isolation protection measures, crane shall not in overhead transmission line following work, through ov

2、erhead transmission line should will lifting arm falls, in overhead line side work Shi, regardless of in any situation Xia, lifting arm, and rope or weights, and overhead transmission line of recently distance should not is less than Xia table provides: transmission line voltage 1000 v following 1-1

3、5 kV 20-40 kV 60-110 kV 220,000 v Allow minimum distances with the transmission line (m) vertical 1.5 level 1 1.5 2 3 4 5 6 4 6 18th: lamp voltage may not exceed 36 volts, when working in a damp place or metal containers, lamp voltage may not exceed 12 volts. 19th: pressure vessel should have a safe

4、ty valve, pressure gauge, and avoid sun exposure, collisions, oxygen cylinders to prevent contaminated oil; of acetylene gas, LPG, must have a safety device to prevent tempering. 20th: x-ray and gamma-ray flaw detector operation area, non-operator, not allowed to enter. Article 21st: corrosion, dust

5、 and radioactive and toxic work, protective measures are required, and to carry out regular inspection. Spider-man 22nd section III: Spider-man to regular medical examinations of the medical diagnosis, who suffer from high blood pressure, heart disease, anemia, epilepsy and other discomfort in the S

6、pider-man shall not engage in aerial work. 23rd: Spider-man dressed spirit, banned the wearing of hard bottom and easy slip-on shoe nail. 24th: Spider-man material stack stationary, tools should turn into a tool bag, transfer prohibited throwing of objects. 25th: in case of bad weather (such as wind

7、 in the above grade) construction safety, prohibition of the open air, lifting and piling. 26th article: ladder shall not deficiency document, no padded using, ladder cross document spacing to 30 cm suitable, using Shi top to tied prison, bottom should take anti-sliding measures, single ladder and g

8、round angle to 60 degrees suitable, ban II people while in ladder Shang job, as needed received long using, should lashing firm, people Word ladder in end of feet pulled prison, in channel at using ladder, due guardianship or set fence. 27th: no security measures, prohibited in hip joints, supports,

9、 trusses of the roof truss cantilever beams, and choose the frame and half fixed widget or job to walk on, Spider-man and the ground . Nine, ten basic security to prevent vehicle damage claim 1, without legal training of qualified certified personnel not familiar with vehicle performance is not driv

10、ing a car. 2, should insist on doing defense work, vehicle brake, Horn, steering systems, lighting and other safety components such as poor are not allowed out of the car. 3, dump truck, dump truck car hop is strictly prohibited, prohibited goods mixing, loading of vehicles should not overload,stave

11、bn tm vdce mst een. een by mlo zahrnovat analzu rizik, monost nehod charakteristik a nouzovch postup, nouzov zpracovn a obsah opaten. 4, integrovan pohotovostn plny, speciln havarijn plny a mst een by mly bt mezi sebou a s ostatnmi jednotky zapojeny v nouzi, kter jsou vzjemn propojeny. 5, havarijn p

12、ln by ml zahrnovat havarijn personl a organizace kontakt, nouzov rezervn seznam a dal informace. Informace by mly bt pravideln aktualizovny a zajist, e informace jsou pesn a platn. tyi, havarijn pln revize 1, Recenze pohotovostn plny pezkoumn formul a prvky pezkumu a opaten pijatch dvma zpsoby. Kdy

13、host slou pedevm pro havarijn plny pro zznam v podob Recenze, prvek hodnocen pro nouzov hodnocen. . Kd pro porn ochranu konstrukce budov a nsk republice ny exploze nebezpen oblasti elektrick bezpenostnch pedpis a pedpis o porn ochranu design rafinaci ropy a chemickch podnik, napklad poadavky na pedp

14、isech a nazench. 2. pi provdn instalace me zpsobit por, exploze, kter sti by mly bt pln nastaven peht, petlaku, micch pstroj, alarm (zvuk a svtla). 3. kde je holav plyn (pra) me unikat , holav plyn koncentrac detekce, alarm by mla bt nastavena. 4. vechny komunikoval s holav, vbun zazen s inertnm ply

15、nem, plynov penosov potrub, by mla bt nastavena zabrnit holavch a vbunch ltek do zazen, ale nemla bt samostatn zptn ventil. 5. holav plyn (pra) nastavit plamen svodi odvzduovac vvod, snadno pracovat, kde se zastavit ventily, aby pi vstupn vtrac potrub je v plamenech, peruil por plynu odvzduovac potr

16、ub ml bt nainstalovn v nejni hasicho zazen. 6. kdy dopravu holavch materil by mla odpovdat prmru potrub a stedn mrn odpor, sprvn zen prtoku, co nejvce se vyhnout statick elektiny. Antistatick opaten, jako jsou zazen, potrub, by mlo bt v souladu s technickmi pedpisy pro uzemnn design pro chemick podn

17、iky pslunch ustanoven. 7. nhl vbun petlaku nebo rychlho rozkladu vrobnch zazen nebo skladovacch zazen by mly bt vybaveny vbuchu (nevbun membrna), vvoz nonel trubice smrem k bezpenosti a aby prevence sekundrnch exploz, protiporn opaten. 8. vrobnthe principle of simplified EIA of construction projects

18、 in the region. In terms of land, linked to the implementation of urban and rural construction land increase and decrease, replacement indicators for priority areas project. Charges, into the projects of water, electricity, administrative charges and preferential policies. In the area of taxation, a

19、nd settled in areas of industry and its production company, within 5 years after the completion of fiscal incentives to enterprises. In terms of financing, integration of land, tax, financial and other resources, and construct Government credit + business credit credit system, establishment of marke

20、tization, commercialization and modernization of the investment and financing platform; effective Bank-enterprise docking, encourages private capital into the Park, to raise industry development fund. 5, optimize the environment and service industries. To create policy lowlands, Highlands, integrity

21、 of service land, development land as the goal, to optimize the area under development environment. All administrative law enforcement departments to appoint a full-time personnel stationed in areas dedicated to coordinating and solving problems associated with businesses in this sector. When there

22、are substantial issues, sector leaders arranged to personally intervene, in-person, in-person push tangible area building a green light, easy line. To further reduce and standardize administrative examination and approval items, simplify examination and approval links, improve efficiency; according

23、to the .Since the educational practice of the mass line of the party, himself seriously in the education, practical control central eight rules and opposing the four winds and practicing three Suns, and check the spirit of Jiao Yulu, ideology, solicit opinions based on outstanding problems checked s

24、wing, careful analysis and reflection. Will now check report is as follows: first, adherence to the partys political discipline, eight in the central provision, change the style of the basic situation of 1, in compliance with the partys political disciplines. Conscientiously abide by the partys poli

25、tical discipline, abide by the Constitution and the rules and regulations of the party, in the political, ideological and maintain highly consistent with the CPC Central Committee on the action, there is no violation of the partys political discipline problems. 2, in the implementation of the centra

26、l authorities of the eight provisions. Improving research, improving research methods, but there are less grass-roots units, primary first-hand an inadequate grasp of the problem, which is to be strengthened in the future. Second, construction, strictly in accordance with the provisions to streamlin

27、e and improve the quality of meetings of the Conference. Third, streamlining file briefs, culture involves all aspects of propaganda and ideology, sometimes due to the practical needs of invention notifications, this area needs further建筑施工之荷载与结构静力计算表2-1-1 荷载1结构上的荷载结构上的荷载分为下列三类：（1）永久荷载 如结构自重、土压力、预应力等

28、。（2）可变荷载 如楼面活荷载、屋面活荷载和积灰荷载、吊车荷载、风荷载、雪活载等。（3）偶然荷载 如爆炸力、撞击力等。建筑结构设计时，对不同荷载应采用不同的代表值。对永久荷载应采用标准值作为代表值。对可变荷载应根据设计要求，采用标准值、组合值、频遇值或准永久值作为代表值。对偶然荷载应按建筑结构使用的特点确定其代表值。2荷载组合建筑结构设计应根据使用过程中在结构上可能同时出现的荷载，按承载能力极限状态和正常使用极限状态分别进行荷载（效应）组合，并应取各自的最不利的效应组合进行设计。对于承载能力极限状态，应按荷载效应的基本组合或偶然组合进行荷载（效应）组合。0SR （2-1）式中 0结构重要性系数

29、；S荷载效应组合的设计值；R结构构件抗力的设计值。对于基本组合，荷载效应组合的设计值S应从下列组合值中取最不利值确定：（1）由可变荷载效应控制的组合 （2-2）式中 G永久荷载的分项系数；Qi第i个可变荷载的分项系数，其中YQ1为可变荷载Q1的分项系数；SGK按永久荷载标准值GK计算的荷载效应值；SQiK按可变荷载标准值Qik计算的荷载效应值，其中SQ1K为诸可变荷载效应中起控制作用者；ci可变荷载Qi的组合值系数；n参与组合的可变荷载数。（2）由永久荷载效应控制的组合 （2-3）（3）基本组合的荷载分项系数1）永久荷载的分项系数当其效应对结构不利时：对由可变荷载效应控制的组合，应取1.2；对

30、由永久荷载效应控制的组合，应取1.35；当其效应对结构有利时：一般情况下应取1.0；对结构的倾覆、滑移或漂浮验算，应取0.9。2）可变荷载的分项系数一般情况下应取1.4；对标准值大于4kN/m2的工业房屋楼面结构活荷载应取1.3。对于偶然组合，荷载效应组合的设计值宜按下列规定确定：偶然荷载的代表值不乘分项系数；与偶然荷载同时出现的其他荷载可根据观测资料和工程经验采用适当的代表值。3民用建筑楼面均布活荷载标准值及其组合值、频遇值和准永久值系数（见表2-1）民用建筑楼面均布活荷载标准值及其组合值、频遇值和准永久值系数 表2-1项次类别标准值（kN/m2）组合值系数c频遇值系数f准永久值系数q1（1

31、）住宅、宿舍、旅馆、办公楼、医院病房、托儿所、幼儿园0.50.4（2）教室、试验室、阅览室、会议室、医院门诊室2.00.70.60.52食堂、餐厅、一般资料档案室2.50.70.60.53（1）礼堂、剧场、影院、有固定座位的看台3.00.70.50.3（2）公共洗衣房3.00.70.60.54（1）商店、展览厅、车站、港口、机场大厅及其旅客等候室3.50.70.60.5（2）无固定座位的看台3.50.70.50.35（1）健身房、演出舞台4.00.70.60.5（2）舞厅4.00.70.60.36（1）书库、档案库、贮藏室5.00.90.90.8（2）密集柜书库12.07通风机房、电梯机房7.

32、00.90.90.88汽车通道及停车库：（1）单向板楼盖（板跨不小于2m）客车4.00.70.70.6消防车35.00.70.70.6（2）双向板楼盖和无梁楼盖（柱网尺寸不小于6m6m）客车2.50.70.70.6消防车20.00.70.70.69厨房（1）一般的2.00.70.60.5（2）餐厅的4.00.70.70.710浴室、厕所、盟洗室：（1）第1项中的民用建筑2.00.70.50.4（2）其他民用建筑2.50.70.60.511走廊、门厅、楼梯：（1）宿舍、旅馆、医院病房托儿所、幼儿园、住宅2.00.70.50.4（2）办公楼、教室、餐厅、医院门诊部2.50.70.60.5（3）消防

33、疏散楼梯，其他民用建筑3.50.70.50.312阳台：（1）一般情况2.50.70.60.5（2）当人群有可能密集时3.5注：1本表所给各项活荷载适用于一般使用条件，当使用荷载较大或情况特殊时，应按实际情况采用。2第6项书库活荷载当书架高度大于2m时，书库活荷载尚应按每米书架高度不小于2.5kN/m2确定。3第8项中的客车活荷载只适用于停放载人少于9人的客车；消防车活荷载是适用于满载总重为300kN的大型车辆；当不符合本表的要求时，应将车轮的局部荷载按结构效应的等效原则，换算为等效均布荷载。4第11项楼梯活荷载，对预制楼梯踏步平板，尚应按1.5kN集中荷载验算。5本表各项荷载不包括隔墙自重和

34、二次装修荷载。对固定隔墙的自重应按恒荷载考虑，当隔墙位置可灵活自由布置时，非固定隔墙的自重应取每延米长墙重（kN/m）的1/3作为楼面活荷载的附加值（kN/m2）计入，附加值不小于1.0kN/m2。设计楼面梁、墙、柱及基础时，表2-1中的楼面活荷载标准值在下列情况下应乘以规定的折减系数。（1）设计楼面梁时的折减系数1）第1（1）项当楼面梁从属面积超过25m2时，应取0.9；2）第1（2）7项当楼面梁从属面积超过50m2时应取0.9；3）第8项对单向板楼盖的次梁和槽形板的纵肋应取0.8；对单向板楼盖的主梁应取0.6；对双向板楼盖的梁应取0.8；4）第912项应采用与所属房屋类别相同的折减系数。（

35、2）设计墙、柱和基础时的折减系数1）第1（1）项应按表2-2规定采用；2）第1（2）7项应采用与其楼面梁相同的折减系数；3）第8项对单向板楼盖应取0.5；对双向板楼盖和无梁楼盖应取0.8；4）第912项应采用与所属房屋类别相同的折减系数。注：楼面梁的从属面积应按梁两侧各延伸二分之一梁间距的范围内的实际面积确定。活荷载按楼层的折减系数 表2-2墙、柱、基础计算截面以上的层数123456892020计算截面以上各楼层活荷载总和的折减系数1.00（0.90）0.850.700.650.600.55注：当楼面梁的从属面积超过25m2时，应采用括号内的系数。楼面结构上的局部荷载可换算为等效均布活荷载。4

36、屋面活荷载水平投影面上的屋面均布活荷载，按表2-3采用。屋面均布活荷载，不应与雪荷载同时组合。屋面均布活荷载 表2-3项次类别标准值（kN/m2）组合值系数b频遇值系数f准永久值系数q1不上人的屋面0.50.70.502上人的屋面2.00.70.50.43屋顶花园3.00.70.60.5注：1不上人的屋面，当施工或维修荷载较大时，应按实际情况采用；对不同结构应按有关设计规范的规定，将标准值作0.2kN/m2的增减。2上人的屋面，当兼作其他用途时，应按相应楼面活荷载采用。3对于因屋面排水不畅、堵塞等引起的积水荷载，应采取构造措施加以防止；必要时，应按积水的可能深度确定屋面活荷载。4屋顶花园活荷载

37、不包括花圃土石等材料自重。5施工和检修荷载及栏杆水平荷载（1）设计屋面板、檀条、钢筋混凝土挑檐、雨篷和预制小梁时，施工或检修集中荷载（人和小工具的自重）应取1.0kN，并应在最不利位置处进行验算。注：对于轻型构件或较宽构件，当施工荷载超过上述荷载时，应按实际情况验算，或采用加垫板、支撑等临时设施承受。当计算挑檐、雨篷承载力时，应沿板宽每隔1.0m取一个集中荷载；在验算挑檐、雨篷倾覆时，应沿板宽每隔2.53.0m取一个集中荷载。（2）楼梯、看台、阳台和上人屋面等的栏杆顶部水平荷载，应按下列规定采用：1）住宅、宿舍、办公楼、旅馆、医院、托儿所、幼儿园，应取0.5kN/m；2）学校、食堂、剧场、电影

38、院、车站、礼堂、展览馆或体育馆，应取1.0kN/m。当采用荷载准永久组合时，可不考虑施工和检修荷载及栏杆水平荷载。6动力系数建筑结构设计的动力计算，在有充分依据时，可将重物或设备的自重乘以动力系数后按静力计算进行。搬运和装卸重物以及车辆起动和刹车的动力系数，可采用1.11.3，其动力作用只考虑传至楼板和梁。直升飞机在屋面上的荷载，也应乘以动力系数，对具有液压轮胎起落架的直升飞机可取1.4；其动力荷载只传至楼板和梁。7雪荷载屋面水平投影面上的雪荷载标准值，按下式计算：skrs0 （2-4）式中 sk雪荷载标准值（kN/m2）；r屋面积雪分布系数（表2-4）；s0基本雪压（kN/m2）。基本雪压可

39、按全国基本雪压图（图2-1）近似确定。to clean and repair, it is strictly forbidden to head reaches into the mechanical stroke range. 17th article: in overhead transmission line following work should blackout, cannot blackout Shi, due isolation protection measures, crane shall not in overhead transmission line followi

40、ng work, through overhead transmission line should will lifting arm falls, in overhead line side work Shi, regardless of in any situation Xia, lifting arm, and rope or weights, and overhead transmission line of recently distance should not is less than Xia table provides: transmission line voltage 1

41、000 v following 1-15 kV 20-40 kV 60-110 kV 220,000 v Allow minimum distances with the transmission line (m) vertical 1.5 level 1 1.5 2 3 4 5 6 4 6 18th: lamp voltage may not exceed 36 volts, when working in a damp place or metal containers, lamp voltage may not exceed 12 volts. 19th: pressure vessel

42、 should have a safety valve, pressure gauge, and avoid sun exposure, collisions, oxygen cylinders to prevent contaminated oil; of acetylene gas, LPG, must have a safety device to prevent tempering. 20th: x-ray and gamma-ray flaw detector operation area, non-operator, not allowed to enter. Article 21

43、st: corrosion, dust and radioactive and toxic work, protective measures are required, and to carry out regular inspection. Spider-man 22nd section III: Spider-man to regular medical examinations of the medical diagnosis, who suffer from high blood pressure, heart disease, anemia, epilepsy and other

44、discomfort in the Spider-man shall not engage in aerial work. 23rd: Spider-man dressed spirit, banned the wearing of hard bottom and easy slip-on shoe nail. 24th: Spider-man material stack stationary, tools should turn into a tool bag, transfer prohibited throwing of objects. 25th: in case of bad we

45、ather (such as wind in the above grade) construction safety, prohibition of the open air, lifting and piling. 26th article: ladder shall not deficiency document, no padded using, ladder cross document spacing to 30 cm suitable, using Shi top to tied prison, bottom should take anti-sliding measures,

46、single ladder and ground angle to 60 degrees suitable, ban II people while in ladder Shang job, as needed received long using, should lashing firm, people Word ladder in end of feet pulled prison, in channel at using ladder, due guardianship or set fence. 27th: no security measures, prohibited in hip joints, supports, trusses of the roof truss cantilever beams, and choose the frame and half fixed widget or job to walk on, Spider-man and the ground . Nine, ten ba