东英语读写任务写作指导.ppt

《东英语读写任务写作指导.ppt》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《东英语读写任务写作指导.ppt（44页珍藏版）》请在三一办公上搜索。

1、广 东 英 语 高 考 写 作 之-读 写 任 务 行知职校杨淑敏,读写任务,概述,概括,主体写作,读写任务的特征和基本要求：高考读写任务是具有一定开放性的写作命题。它属于材料作文，主要考查考生的篇章概括和语言表达能力。读写任务首先给出一段短文，让考生阅读后在规定的时间内用2-3句话，约30词概括文章大意，然后根据一个考生熟悉或比较熟悉的主题，围绕2-3个要点发表自己的一些看法。,【概述】,2007-2012广东英语高考之读写任务概况,【概述】,具体分析：阅读短文和写作要求有以下几个特点：,(1)长度：约200个词。(2)难度：较阅读理解的文章容易。(3)体裁：多种多样，六年体裁各不相同。(4

2、)来源：来自于外国网站或英美报刊：2010年:,8599,1978589,00.html2008年：,【概述】,作文题的特点(1)话题：均在课程标准和考试说明规定的24个话题之内。(2)题材：真实可靠，贴近学生的学习与生活，为考生所熟悉。(3)概括：一般是概括全文，如2008-2012年高考；也可以是概括其中的某个小段落、某个人物或某个方面，如2007年高考题(仅此一年)。(4)内容：要求考生发表观点的写作内容要点明确，近六年高考中每年都有3条具体的内容要点。一般说来，考生都有话可写。,【概述】,(5)词数：从近六年高考改卷的实际来看，似乎对字数并没有严格的要求。六年高考满分作文，概括在263

3、8个词之间，符合约30个词的要求；但发表观点部分，均大大超过120个词。因此，我们指导学生写作时，要求他们以表达思想为主，不必过于拘泥字数多少。但我们建议，在平时训练中，概括部分以2535词为宜，发表观点部分以110130词为宜。,【概述】,考生得分情况 本题满分25分，近六年全省高考考生得分率均还在40%左右，即大约只有10分，2011年全省平均分为12.21分,依然没有25分的一半,还有很大的上升空间。据此，我们有理由相信，在高考选拔考试中，读写任务题是学生获取高分，与其他考生拉开距离的有效突破口！,【概述】,understanding,topic sentences,key words,

4、set sentence patterns,summarize/rewrite,the writing style,the person,【概括】,Styles of passage,【概括】,短文概括重在抓实义词,选关键词,关键词的分类,主语谓语形容词,短文中出现最多的主语名词，通常就是大意句的主语。,阅读时划出每一句的主语 谁,“干什么”“怎么样”,观点和态度,褒：赞成 or 肯定贬：反对 or 否定,【概括】,针对不同文体写短文概括,说明文和新闻报道记叙文议论文,中心句(通常在首段)抓好关键词现象分析型说明文:“现象”“现象形成原因”“解决问题的方法或建议”,“五何”:何时(when),

5、何地(where),何人(who),何事(what),结果如何(how)夹叙夹议型:加上作者的看法或感想等 以第三人称或无人称来概括,找出中心论点以及最后的结论，再补充论据,【概括】,-现象、原因、解决办法,-主题概括法/段意合并法,-要素串联法,短文概括的内容要点需谨记下面的六种技巧 skill1:省略细节 Skill2:省略重复了的内容 Skill3:省略例子 Skill4:用概括性的语言而不是精确的语言 Skill5:使用短而精的连词，如but,and,besides.Skill6:用间接引语表达对话内容。,【概括】,提醒学生写短文概括时注意,1.不需要把所有要点都涵盖。2.概括记叙文时

6、比重最大的是what，但不要把what写得太详细，注意浓缩。3.找出叙事中夹带的议论，挖掘出文章的主题。4.用自己的话把主题和主要情节组织成摘要。5.抄袭原文或表达了自己的意见将被扣分或得零分。,【概括】,短文概括开头常用句型,1.According to the passage,we know that.From the passage,we can know that.2.In this passage,the writer/author states/thinks/argues that.3.In this passage,the writer/author tells us about

7、.4.The story/passage is about.5.The story/passage mainly tells us that.6.Its reported that.As is reported in the passage,.,【概括】,记叙文概括技巧,1.开头套用语句语(第一段开头语),The story/passage is aboutThe writer/author tells us about.The story mainly tells us that.,2.记叙文概括方法：要素串联法,【概括】,narration,the six elements of a na

8、rrative passage,什么人在什么时候什么地方发生了什么事情，结果如何。,【概括】,Hi,I am Mike.I just went through my first year of college.The toughest part on me at first was the general adjustment.I went to a very small high school where my mom was a teacher and she did practically everything for me.But at the college I need to kn

9、ow some basic life skills,such as balancing a check-book,laundry,and the things you have to be able to handle that I never thought of in the high school!It was really tough for me at first and I got badly homesick.Once that first semester was over and I got used to the college life,I love itgood fac

10、ilities,helpful instructors,and a good library.The students Union organizes various parties every week.I also go to cinemas and concerts,and often spend Saturday nights in pubs and clubs.One thing I think is important is to get yourself active in things.I was on dance team in college and met a ton o

11、f people that wayit was so much easier to make friends when you had a common ground.,Find out key points in the story:,【概括】,the six elements of a narrative passage,Mike,His first year of college,toughestadjustment,got used to it,love the college life,Get himself active in things,Skill:Combination of

12、 elements 要素串联法,【概括】,_his first year of college life.At first he _,but aftergetting active in things for one semester,he _ and_,didnt adjust himself well,adapted to it,enjoyed himself,Try it!,本题为2008年广东高考读写任务,The writer mainly tells us about,【概括】,Summary of a story:要素串连法,故事性的短文概括应围绕“什么人、发生了什么事、结局如何，

13、（有什么寓意）”来写，即阐述一个故事梗概，忌力陈细节，忌掺入个人评价。,【概括】,议论文概括技巧,【概括】,Methods:1.Find out the topic sentences/key phrases2.Find out the supporting evidences or facts.3.Find out the words or phrases that appear most frequently.,How to summarize an argumentation well?,【概括】,Getting up early has been regard as a good ha

14、bit since ancient times.Many years ago,people thought that if we went to bed early and get up early,we would be energetic the whole day.So,getting up early is of great importance to us all.In fact,morning is the best time of a day.In the morning,the air is the freshest and people are usually in the

15、best conditions.Many of us may have the experiences that we memorize some things more quickly and accurately in the morning than any other time of the day.If we do some morning exercise or only take a short walk in the morning,we can build our bodies and become much healthier.Also we will have enoug

16、h time to make a plan and get ready for our work or study of the day if we get up early.However,if we get up late,we will probably have to do everything in a great hurry.Let us remember getting up early is a good habit and try our best to keep it.If we stick to getting up early every day,we will cer

17、tainly benefit a lot from it.,1.A strong statement of opinion.(the key idea):,Getting up early/a good habit/of great importance,2.Support for the opinion(supporting sentences),a better memory a healthier body a better preparation for the day,3.Conclusion/suggestions.,a good habit/benefit a lot,【概括】,

18、The passage says getting up early in the morning is a good habit that will benefit us a lot.It enables us to have a better memory,healthier body and better preparation for the day.,some set sentence patterns.The passage says/This passage states thatIn the writers opinion,The writer thinks that,Skill

19、:主题概括法/段意合并法(topic sentences or key words，if no topic sentences)(适合于议论文),【概括】,如果是议论文的阅读短文,则要尽可能客观简要地转述阅读材料的观点。,【概括】,说明文的概括,中心句(通常在首段)抓好关键词现象分析型说明文:“现象”“现象形成原因”“解决问题的方法或建议”,【概括】,You may not be very familiar with”ecotourism”-a new term in todays tourism industry-but in an area of growing environmental

20、 consciousness,it is not too difficult for us to imagine and work out the meaning of this new form of holiday.Ecotourism is typically defined as travel to places where the unique flowers,plants,animals and the cultural heritage are the primary attractions.It is considered as a kind of responsible to

21、urism which seriously takes ecology and culture into consideration.Therefore,programs involving the conservation and preservation of some natural and cultural sites also form a part of ecotourism.Ecotourism is developing at great speed.According to a report by the World Tourism Organization,ecotouri

22、sm in recent years has enjoyed an annual growth of about 5%worldwide.Over 80 activities have been listed for education,such as bird watching,hiking,diving,photography,mountaineering and participating in various kinds of local cultural events.Although big cities are still the major places that absorb

23、 tourists in our society today,it looks like some smaller towns and rural areas rich in ecological,cultural and historical resources may well become the new destinations for people to visit tomorrow.,【概括】,Find out the topic and expositions in the passage:,ecotourism,It is a new form of holiday,b.Pro

24、grams involving the conservation and preservation of some natural and cultural sites also form a part of ecotourism.,Skill:主题概括法段意合并法(适合于说明文),d.some smaller towns and rural areas rich in ecological,cultural and historicresources may well become the new destinations for people to visit tomorrow.,注意：用

25、自己的话表达,C.Ecotourism is developing at a great speed.,Summary:Ecotourism is a new fast-developing traveling form of holiday which attracts tourists by natural and cultural heritage,as well as historic resources.It can be a way to protect the environment.(31 words),Skill:主题概括法段意合并法(适合于说明文),说明性短文,用概括的文字

26、来说明某种现象。,【概括】,记叙文的过渡语(1)I have a similar experience.(2)I also went through such an experience.(3)This story reminds me of another story that happened to.(4)This story reminds me of a similar experience of.,概括后过渡语:在写完概括之后,要有过渡词或过渡句,才使上下文自然衔接。,【主体写作】,议论文的过渡语表示赞同(1)I agree with the statement that.(2)I

27、do agree with the author.(3)Im for the writers idea that.(4)I quite agree with the writers idea.(5)I fully support the statement above because I am very sure.(6)I cant agree more with what the writer said/says.(我完全同意作者的观点),【主体写作】,表示不赞同(1)I partly agree with what the writer said.(2)I dont agree with

28、the writers view.(3)Im strongly against the writers idea.(4)In some way,I agree with.,but.(5)This opinion sounds right but is hardly practical.(6)What the writer said sounds reasonable.But.(7)It is definitely not like that.As a matter of fact,.(8)Some people argue as if it is a general truth that.Bu

29、t to be frank,I cannot agree with them.,【主体写作】,表达自己观点(1)As for me,.(2)In my opinion,.(3)As far as I am concerned,.(4)From my point of view.(5)I hold the view/belief that.(6)Personally,I believe that.(7)According to my experience,I think that.,【主体写作】,引出话题(1)There is no doubt that.毫无疑问(2)It can not be

30、 denied that.不可否认(3)No one can ignore the fact that.谁也不可忽视(4)From what is mentioned above,we know.依上所述，我们知道,【主体写作】,提供论据或原因分析的套语总述原因(1)There are several reasons that contribute to.(2)My views are based on the following reasons.分层论述(1)On the one hand,.On the other,.一方面另一方(2)For one thing,.For another.

31、一则二则(3)To begin with/First of all/First(ly),.Second(ly),.Besides/Furthermore/Whats more,.Finally/Last but not least.首先其次此外/而且最后,【主体写作】,列举例子(1)Take.for example.以为例吧(2)For example/instance,.例如，(3)such as比如说，诸如之类的引出经历 What impresses me most is that.我印象最为深的是分析因果 Thanks to/Owing to/Because of.由于/因为Conseq

32、uently/Therefore/Thus/As a result,.因此/结果,【主体写作】,(1)To sum up/In short/In conclusion/In a word/All in all,.总之，(2)Taking all the factors into account,we can draw a conclusion that.考虑到以上因素，我们可以得出这样的结论：(3)From the discussion above,it can be safely concluded that.根据以上讨论，可以得出如下结论：(4)To be brief,we should

33、be aware of the importance of.总之，我们应当明白的重要性。(5)Therefore,it is necessary for us to.因此，我们有必要(6)Only/in this way/when we.can we.只有用这种方法/当时，我们才能,总结句开头语,【主体写作】,如何提高作文档次,1.保证赏心悦目:注重字体的美化,保持卷面整洁,提高印象分。1)切忌书写不清、涂涂抹抹；2)保持单词之间的距离基本一致，一般为一个a字母 的间隙；3)错词只用一条横线或斜线划掉，尽量不重复涂写同一字母或单词；4)每段前空格约4个字母的位置。5)概括一般单独一自然段；发表

34、看法或议论时，依照试题所给内容要点本身的顺序，原则上每个要点单独写一个自然段，这不但保证写作内容覆盖所有写作点，而且层次清晰，让阅卷老师一目了然；若其中两条逻辑关系特别紧密，也可用一个自然段来表达。,【主体写作】,2.避免低级错误:避免语法和拼写的低级错误,避免被扣印象分。3.表达精练简洁:表达不要罗嗦,若能用非谓语动词做定语或状语就不要用定语从句或状语从句。4.句子错落有致:根据表达需要,交叉使用长句与短句,简单句与复合句。5.句式多种多样:多样化句式,方能显示较强的语言功底,大大提高作文档次。,【主体写作】,1.用it is/was that强调句式.2.用作状语的介词短语开头的完全倒装句

35、或用以only in this way 等开头的部分倒装句.3.用with的复合结构(with+宾语+宾补)作状语.4.用非谓语动词简化状语从句或并列结构.5.用what引导的名词性从句.6.用独立主格结构.7.恰当运用感叹句,被动句等.8.适当使用插入语,如to be honest,I guess,I think,personally等.9.尽量用短语代替单词来表达同样的意思.10.恰当使用关联词语,恰当使用关联词语，做到过渡自然，结构紧凑，篇章连贯。,多样化句式,【主体写作】,写作中经常用到的关联词举例:for example;for instance,such as 列举:for one thingand for another.转折:however,but,after all.总结:in a wordin brief,in conclusion.因果:thanks to,as a result(of),due to,therefore 强调:indeed,certainly,above all对比:in the same way,just as,compared with,on the one handand on the other hand递进:then,besides,whats more,【主体写作】,Thank You For Listening!,