bf板梁预制与安装施工组织设计.doc
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1、Manipulator is now used as a industrial robots in use, the control objectives often appear often in industrial automation. Industrial automation technology has gradually matured, as mature a technology line has been rapid development in industrial automation as a separate subject. Manipulator applic
2、ation began to filter into welding, logistics, mechanical processing, and other industries. Especially at high or very low temperatures, full of poisonous gases, high radiation case, robot in similar circumstances showed great use also brings great convenience to the staff. Precisely because of this
3、 robot to get peoples attention began to be a high degree of development. Labor rates, working conditions, labor intensive aspects of promoting development. Both at home and abroad to develop the PLC (programmable logic controller) is in various special circumstances and under special conditions set
4、 for mechanical devices. Now turned on the development of the microelectronics automatic control technology and the rapid development of the trains, the success of PLC hardware software and simulation control win big and successful development, now continues to develop as a factory automation standa
5、rds. Because robots are good development of the technology makes a good optimization of productive capital, and robot shows this unique advantages, such as: has good compatibility, wide availability, hardware is complete, and programming that can be mastered in a short time, so in the context of ind
6、ustrial PLC applications became ubiquitous. Manipulator in many developed country agriculture and industry has been applied, such as the use of mechanical harvesting large areas of farmland, repeated operations on the high-speed line that uses a robotic arm, and so on. Today, the high level of autom
7、ation combined with restrictions on the manipulator development level is slightly lower than the international. The design is mainly arm welding machine by PLC Automation control. This of design let designers on in school by learn of has a must of consolidation, understand has some usually didnt opp
8、ortunities awareness in world range within some leading level of knowledge has has must awareness, hope designers can in yihou of design in the can success of using in this design in the proceeds of experience 1.2 manipulator in both at home and abroad of research profile automation mechanical arm r
9、esearch began Yu 20th century medium-term, after years with with computer and automation technology of development, Makes mechanical arm on the Grand stage of industrial automation and shine, gradually became an industrial evaluation standards, and its importance can be seen. Now original robotic ar
10、m spent most of mass production and use on the production line, which is programmed robotic arm. As the first generation of manipulator position control systems main features, although not back several generations that can detect the external environment, but can still successfully complete like wel
11、ding, painting, delivery as well as for materials simple movements. Second generation mechanical arms are equipped with sensors and manipulators have the environment there is a certain amount of sense, when the mechanical arm is to use the program as a basis. Difference is that the robot begand先张法预应
12、力空心板梁预制与安装施工组织设计先张法预应力空心板梁预制施工过程主要包括:基础设施施工准备工作、配合比确定、张拉预应力筋、绑扎普通钢筋、安装模板、浇筑砼并养护、拆模放松预应力筋、出槽堆放八个施工过程。板梁安装本工地拟采用30T汽车吊配合钢导梁和小龙门架进行安装就位。板梁预制与安装的具体施工技术与工艺说明如下:一、 先张法预应力空心板梁的预制施工:1、基础设施准备工作:搭设生产、生活设施,铺设场地临时道路,保证施工现场的供水、供电设施,然后平整板梁预制施工场地并进行夯实,铺设底模钢板以保证底模平整并防止沉降。送检张拉机具、锚具,就合格的张拉机具、横梁安装就位并埋设承力台座。 送检各种原材料,砂、
13、碎石、水泥、钢绞线等,合格后方可进场使用。安排专门施工人员熟悉各种施工机具并熟悉具体的操作过程。2、混凝土配合比:据图纸设计要求的砼强度等级,由专门实验室根据送检的原材料确定施工配合比。3、张拉预应力筋:对台座横梁进行详细检查,敷设测点,做好标志,按设计图考虑台座长度,梁片的布置方式、张拉端外露长度,进行下料,铺设钢绞线前预先将由施工图纸确定尺寸的应塑料管套在钢绞线上,以控制预应力筋的有效长度,并在锚固端用锚具箱锚固钢绞线,准备进行张拉。张拉时采用双控法对张拉预应力筋进行张拉控制,其中:控制应力为0。张拉程序为:0 初应力0 1.050 0(刻划标记) 0(测量伸长量) 锚固并测量回缩量。其中
14、0 0为初张拉,初张拉采用单根张拉,按钢束编号进行,同编号一起张拉,编号小先张拉,编号大后张拉。0 1.050为超张拉,宜分级加载,张拉到钢束控制力的1.05倍并保持油压不变,保持5min,认真检查有无断丝情况,同一构件内断丝数不得超过钢丝总数的1%,否则应予更换,1.050 0 0为终张拉,持荷结束后放载致0,然后再加载致控制应力,测量伸长量,锚固并测量回缩量。0 0 1.050 0 0为整体张拉,在整体张拉过程中,锚具箱与横梁保持水平,配有专人进行检查、测量、计算确保质量。注意:在任何情况下,钢绞线应力值不得超过钢绞线的抗拉极限长度。4、绑扎普通钢筋:在整体张拉结束后8小时,按敷设标志将硬
15、塑料管端头与钢绞线的空隙用胶布裹住,以免灌注时水泥浆进入,从而确保失效段预应力筋与砼不产生握裹作用。将预先制作好的普通钢筋严格按施工图的要求进行绑扎、定位,专门质检员负责检查、记录以确保质量。5、安装模板:侧模板的设计根据倾倒砼时的冲击力,砼有效高度范围内的侧压力和梁的设计尺寸进行设计,采用组合钢模,具有足够的强度和刚度,两侧模之间用拉杆螺丝定位,在侧模顶部用花兰螺丝紧固在支撑梁上,底部与支撑梁间加木塞,确保模板安装准确无位移。节点拼缝严密,端头模横穿钢筋缝隙用水泥砂浆封严,以防漏浆,模板安装完毕后,对其平面位置、顶部标高、平整度进行复核检查合格后浇筑砼。用充气胶囊作空心内模,对芯模进行充气加
16、压使之尺寸符合梁板的空心尺寸。从开始浇筑砼到放气整个施工过程中,芯模上刷隔离剂。6、砼浇筑及养护:模板立好后,进行浇筑砼。砼的拌制,采用50L强制式搅拌机拌制砼,定期检测砂、碎石的含水率,及时调整骨料及拌和水的添加量,砼骨料的添加严格过磅,保证砼配合比的准确。砼浇筑时,采用分层浇筑法。第一层由底板浇至芯模底部采用插入式振动棒振捣,之后进行安装芯模,充气加压,浇筑中层砼,采用插入式振动棒振捣,振捣时从两侧同时振捣,振捣棒端头避免接触芯模并与侧模保持5-10cm的距离,振动器的距离不超过作用半径的1.5倍,顶部浇筑砼采用平板振动器振实后、休整、抹平,待定浆后进行拉毛,以便与桥面现浇层加强连接。在浇
17、筑过程中,有专人检查模板、钢筋及预埋件,以防发生跑模,移位、变形等情况,并对各项指标进行检查,确保质量。砼浇筑完毕,待收浆后即进行覆盖和蒸汽养护。养护过程分为预养期、升温期、恒温期、降温期四个过程,各过程的具体时间随外界环境温度而改变。预养期:砼收浆后,将板梁静放2-4小时,静放时的温度大于100C,裸放;温度小于100C则将砼板梁覆盖好静放,预养期结束后拆去芯模。升温期:采用保温被覆盖,每线两端上下层同时送气加热的方法升温,升温速度为10-150C/小时,升温的最高温度控制在600C以内。恒温期:恒温为600C以下,恒温时间以达到要求的强度(80%的梁体设计强度)为准。降温期:降温速度15-
18、200C/小时,当梁体温度降至与外界环境温差小于200C时,撤除保温设施。7、拆模与放张预应力筋:撤除保温设施后,首先进行拆模,然后采用千斤顶回油方法进行放张,之后采用手提砂轮锯切割预应力筋,放张顺序为从生产线中间的梁体剪起,依次向两端进行,每根梁的钢绞线的放张从外向里对称进行。8、出槽堆放:板梁放张后即可出槽堆放,出槽过程中用吊车轻提轻放,注意吊点位置准确,避免碰撞,并进行编号。板梁的堆放场地坚实、平整、以免板梁堆放时产生不均匀沉降、出现负弯矩,损坏梁体,在堆放时加放垫块搁置。板梁堆放高度不超过三层,堆放时各支撑点保持垂直,并按砼浇筑日期先后堆放在一起,便于安装吊运,同时用C30砼封头。加强
19、对梁跨中的反拱度的观测,以决定存梁时间。二、 板梁安装:板梁安装用30T汽车吊配合钢导梁和小龙门架进行安装就位。大梁安装由一头起,首先由吊车安放钢导梁就位并安放小龙门架于另一端,吊车吊起板梁放至钢导梁上,板梁前端由卷扬机牵引,后端由吊车慢慢吊送,至位置后由龙门架吊起就位,运一片安装一片,依次进行安装。关闭 苏州市太阳路连接线望亭大桥实施性施工组织设计钻孔灌注桩施工方案先张法预应力空心板梁预制安装施工方案2008-09-28 15:59分类:施工工艺,施工方案 字号: 大大 中中 小小 一、预制场建设根据本工程实际,本标段锡十一圩大桥、梅园里小桥、漕沙塘中桥和徐家港中桥梁板采用集中预制。先张法梁
20、板共计1134片(其中:10m跨径126片,13m跨径126片,20m跨径882片),设先张法板梁的预制场1座,梁板预制场设在锡十一圩大桥10#墩右侧,预制占地面积7920m3,设置7条先张法空心板梁生产线,每条生产线可生产5片梁板,存梁场占地面积3600 m3,场地内建钢筋加工棚、材料库等临时设施。在预制场梁板生产线及存梁场内设置一组MQ50/25门式起重机负责梁板的出坑与存放。梁板预制周期计划7d。空心板计划月生产180片,预制时间5个半月。预制张拉台座采用框架式,须有足够的强度和刚度,抗倾覆系数不小于.5,抗滑系数不小于1.3,横梁受力后挠度不大于2mm,底板须平整光滑,排水畅通,梁位端
21、部的底模满足强度要求和重复使用要求。台座布置详见“先张法预应力梁板框架台座图”。二、梁板预制施工1、模板:1)、模板制作:梁板底模采用水磨石底模,水泥水磨石=11.5,水磨石浇筑厚度为8cm,水磨石浇筑3天后用打磨机进行打磨,底模四周用L5.5*5.5角钢镶边。侧模采用新加工的整体钢模,面板用5mm钢板制作,6号槽钢加肋。空心板梁蕊模采用充气橡胶气囊,从生产厂家定购,气囊各项技术指标均应满足规范要求。钢模板设计报监理工程师批准后进行加工制作。20m板梁中板侧模加工5套,边板侧模加工2.5套,侧模分4块加工,每块长度5.1m;10m、13m板梁中板侧模各加工2套,边板侧模加工一套,模板加工长度分
22、别为5.1m和6.6m。模板顶面每隔80cm设置拉模筋槽口,以便于模板加固。2)、模板安装:模板的安拆均采用门吊起重机配合人工,安装精度按规范要求执行,装拆时,注意检查接缝处的止浆垫的完好情况,确保接缝紧密不漏浆。侧模外侧安装附着式振动器。2、预应力筋施工:预应力钢绞线穿束时安装引导工具,根据图纸要求,预应力筋有效长度以板跨中心线对称布置,失效处理采用硬塑料管将失效范围的预应力筋套住,以使预应力筋与混凝土不产生握裹作用。张拉前,预应力筋与拉杆、力筋先用连接器串联好,安装定位板,检查预应力筋的数量、位置、张拉设备和锚具符合要求后,方可张拉。张拉时采用单向张拉,采用夹片式锚具,小型穿心式千斤顶。预
23、应力采用张拉力和伸长值双控张拉施工,张拉控制应力按设计要求进行,张拉程序为:00.1con0.2concon(持荷2min锚固)3、钢筋:为确保施工安全,预应力筋张拉结束8小时后,进行绑扎钢筋、安装预埋件施工。钢筋在加工棚加工制作,现场绑扎,运到现场按设计要求焊接成形,梁主筋采用双面焊5d或单面焊10d,分布筋采用点焊及绑扎,立模加固。4、混凝土施工:混凝土采用集中拌合站集中生产、配合比由试验确定,采用低塑性混凝土,坍落度不大于5cm,以减少因徐变和收缩引起的预应力损失。浇筑时,采用门吊配吊斗、溜槽灌注。振捣采用附着式振捣为主的工艺,插入式振捣为辅,振捣时,插入式振动棒须避免触及预应力筋和模板
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