大学英语B网络统考语法(I).ppt

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1、大学英语B网络统考语法,复习,Thanks for your help.-_My pleasureNever mindQuite rightDont thank me,A,Hows your family?_A：Thanks all the same.B：Thanks for calling.C：Not too bad.D：Dont mention it.,C,What do you do?-_ A：What do you do?B：Fine,thank you.C：Im a college student.D：I do well in my studies.,C,We are going t

2、o London for holiday next week.Would you mind taking care of my garden while were away？Not at all._.A.Sorry,I have no time B.Id rather notC.With pleasure D.No,I wouldnt,C,Wow!This is a marvelous room!Ive never known youre so artistic.-_.A：Great,I am very art-conscious B：Dont mention it C：Thanks for

3、your compliments D：Its fine,C,How do you like the film?_.A.I saw it yesterday B.Its very interesting C.You like the film very much D.I saw it twice,B,-Hi,is Mary there,please?-_ A：Hold on.Ill get her.B：No,she isnt here.C：Yes,she lives here.D：Yes,what do you want?,A,Mike,I am going to skate in the mo

4、untains tomorrow.Oh,really？_.A.Good luckB.Thank youC.Have a good timeD.Congratulations,C,Excuse me,is there a park here？_.Thank you all the same.A.I dont want to tell youB.Yes,there isC.No,there isnt D.Sorry,I dont know,D,分项讲解 语法,常用语法考点1、动词的基本时态、语态的构成形式及其用法。2、非谓语动词(不定式、动名词、分词)的构成形式及其用法。3、名词、代词的数和格的构

5、成形式及其用法。4、形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的构成形式及其用法。5、常用连接词、冠词的词义及其用法。6、各类从句的构成及其用法。7、强调句型的结构及其用法。8、常用倒装句的结构。9、虚拟语气的构成及其用法。,分项讲解 语法,答题策略1、熟练掌握英语基础语法2、熟记以上9项重要语法考点3、分析理解全句的意思4、利用句子的语法规律判断填空词5、利用句子语境信息判断填空词6、利用排除法推断出填空词,一、动 词 的 基 本 时 态,形式为do 或does（第三人称单数）。通常表示客观事实或真理；或表示经常发生的、习惯性的动作或存在的状态。The earth moves around the sun

6、.地球绕着太阳转。He always goes to school by bike.他总是骑车去上学。（特别提醒：一般现在时可以代替将来时，用于时间和条件状语从句中。）Please be sure to telephone me the next time you come.,一般现在时(be/do/does),除主语是第三人称单数时，谓语动词后加s外，其余均用原形。客观真理，客观存在，科学事实。The earth moves around the sun.Shanghai lies in the east of China.often,usually,always,sometimesKnow

7、ledge _ only from practice.A.has come B.came C.comes D.is coming,一般现在时(be/do/does),C,Apples here like water and sunshine.这里的苹果喜欢水与阳光。There is a large amount of energy wasted due to friction.由于摩擦而损耗了大量的能量。Transistors are small in size and light in weight.晶体管的体积小，重量轻。,实例演练,英译汉,阅读理解,实例演练,This is one re

8、ason that investigations are important in science.Albert Einstein,who developed the theory of relativity,arrived at this theory through mathematics.The accuracy of his mathematics was later tested through investigations,Einsteins ideas were shown to be correct.A scientist uses many tools for measure

9、ments.Then the measurements are used to make mathematical calculations that may test his investigations.,实例演练,词汇与语法,Mathematics _ study or science of numbers.A：isB：areC：wasD：were,A,Even if it _ tomorrow morning,I will go there.has rainedwill rainrainswill have rained,时间和状语条件从句中，一般现在时表示将来,C,实例演练,词汇与语

10、法,一般过去时(was/were/did),形式为did.表示过去时间所发生的动作或存在的状态，常与过去特定的时间状语连用；或表示过去某一段时间一直持续或反复发生的动作，可与表示频度的时间副词连用。I bought this computer five years ago.He often took a walk after supper when he was alive.,一般过去时(was/were/did),used to do:过去常常(暗含现在已经不那样了）be/get used to doing：习惯于做某事-Your phone number again?I _ quite c

11、atch it.-Its 69568442.didntB.couldntC.dontD.cantyesterday,last week,an hour ago,the other day 注意：一般过去时只说明过去，与现在无关。,_ last year and is now earning his living as an advertising agent.He would leave school He left school He had left school He has left school,last year:去年（过去的时间），表明此题的基本基调为一般过去时,B,实例演练,词

12、汇与语法,He _ in a small workshop,but now he is the head of a big business company.A.used to workingB.was used to workC.used to workD.was used to working,used to do sth.过去常常做某事（暗含现在已经不那么做了）be/get used to doing sth.习惯于做某事,C,实例演练,词汇与语法,实例演练,英译汉,Bill hit his car into a wall last night.昨晚比尔开车时车撞到了墙上。Though

13、it was late,they kept on working.尽管已经很晚了，他们还在继续工作。These five boys failed in their English exam last term.这五个男孩上个学期英语考试没通过。,阅读理解,实例演练,This is one reason that investigations are important in science.Albert Einstein,who developed the theory of relativity,arrived at this theory through mathematics.The a

14、ccuracy of his mathematics was later tested through investigations,Einsteins ideas were shown to be correct.A scientist uses many tools for measurements.Then the measurements are used to make mathematical calculations that may test his investigations.,一般将来时(will/shall 第一人称),表示将来发生的事情be going to do b

15、e to do be about to do will do 否定式：will not=wont/be not going to doThe telephone is ringing.I will answer it.,The price of gasoline will come down in Chinese market.汽油将会在中国市场降价。How long will it take us to get there?我们到达那里需要多长时间？,实例演练,英译汉,实例演练,完形填空,The Fox had an idea.If,said he,you will place your f

16、orefeet（前足）4 the wall and bend your head,I will run 5 your back and escape,and will help you out 6.,现在进行时/过去进行时,现在进行时态 形式为is/am/are+doing，表示此时此刻或现阶段正在进行的动作。The police are looking for the two missing children.警察们正在寻找两个丢失的孩子。过去进行时态 形式为 was/were+doing，表示过去某个时刻正在进行的动作。Jane burnt her hand when she was co

17、oking the dinner.,现在进行时/过去进行时,Im doing my homework.It was raining when they left the station.注意：进行时可以表示将来，表示主语计划将要做的动作。come，go，leave，depart，arrive，stay，startMay Day Holiday is coming.,I was having a nap when suddenly the telephone rang.我在睡觉时，电话铃突然响了。,实例演练,英译汉,When Lily came home at 5 p.m.yesterday,h

18、er mother _ dinner in the kitchen.A：cooked B：was cooking C：cooks D：has cooked,实例演练,词汇与语法,B,现 在 完 成 时,形式为have/has done，常与already，never，ever,yet连用。1）用来表示过去发生的对现在有影响的动作。The milk has already become undrinkable.牛奶已经不能喝了。2）表示过去某时间开始一直延续到现在的动作He has lived here since 1949.自从1949年以来，他一直住在这儿。,Wang Lis father

19、has taught English here since he graduated from Peking University.王丽的父亲从北京大学毕业后就一直在这里教英语。Ted and William have lived under the same roof for five years.泰德和威廉已经在同一个屋檐下生活了五年了。,实例演练,英译汉,Its reported that by the end of this month the output of cement in the factory _ by about 10%.Will have risenHas risen

20、Will be risingHas been rising,by the end of this month:到本月底（从过去持续到现在，所以用现在完成时）,B,实例演练,词汇与语法,实例演练,阅读理解,Laws have been written to govern the use of American National Flag,and to ensure proper respect for the flag.Custom has also governed the common practice in regard to its use.All the armed services

21、have precise regulations on how to display the national flag.,实例演练,阅读理解,Linda and David have traveled by air from London to Sydney,AustraliaLinda has promised her mother that she will ring her to let her know that they have arrived safelyThis is something she had done ever since she was a child.Davi

22、d thinks it is not a good idea to ring so far,to spend too much,and to say so little,现在完成时和一般过去时的区别动作都是发生在过去，一般过去时只是说明过去的某个时间发生了某个动作；现在完成时强调过去发生的某个事件对现在造成的影响。例如：I saw the movie Red Cliff last night.I have seen the movie Red Cliff.,现 在 完 成 时,现 在 完 成 时,2.现在完成时还可以表示：过去时间开始的某个动作一直持续到现在。for+时间段 since+时间点

23、 I have lived here for more than ten years.I have lived here since 1997.,现 在 完 成 时,3.用于现在完成时的固定搭配：,HardlywhenNo soonerthanScarcelywhen一 就 用于过去完成时，用倒装,Hardly on the stage the audience started cheering.he had come/thanhe had come/whenhad he come/whenhad he come/than,C,词汇与语法,实例演练,过 去 完 成 时,形式为had done.

24、表示在过去某一时刻以前已经开始并一直延续到这一时刻、或是在此刻前已经完成的动作。By the end of last term we had learned 1000 English words.到上学期末我们已经学了1000个英语单词。,They fulfilled the plan earlier than they _.have expectedexpectedwere expectinghad expected,过去的过去用过去完成时，fulfill the plan 已经是过去的动作，expect是发生在fulfill之前的动作,D,实例演练,词汇与语法,He told me tha

25、t he had lived in America for ten years before he came to China.他告诉我：在来中国前他在美国已生活十年了。,实例演练,英译汉,实例演练,阅读理解,Linda and David have traveled by air from London to Sydney,AustraliaLinda has promised her mother that she will ring her to let her know that they have arrived safelyThis is something she had don

26、e ever since she was a child.David thinks it is not a good idea to ring so far,to spend too much,and to say so little,动词的语态：主动语态与被动语态,1、被动语态的构成：语态是一种动词形式，表示主语与谓语动词所表示的动作之间的关系。英语被动语态是由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”构成的。被动语态的时态变化借助动词be 来实现。助动词be要在人称和数上与主语保持一致。Rome was not built in a day.Four people were killed and

27、thirty-one injured in the bomb attack.He started to complain about this wicked world but was interrupted by a knock at the door.,The Chinese women volleyball players both in and out of China.are thought good ofare highly thought ofare well thoughtare ill thought of,think well/highly of得到好评think badl

28、y/ill/little/nothing of 评价很差中国女子排球对与评价之间是被动的关系,B,实例演练,词汇与语法,A lot of natural resources in the mountain area are to be exploited and used.那个山区有许多自然资源有待于开发利用。The students are encouraged by their teacher to do more listening,reading and writing.老师鼓励学生多听，多读，多写。Karsh was praised as a master portraitist,o

29、ften working in black and white,influenced by great patient painters of the past.卡什被人们誉为人像大师，由于受到历史上一些著名画家的影响，他在拍摄中经常运用黑白摄影。,实例演练,英译汉,-Is the library _ now？-No，its_.A.open；close B.opening；closing C.open；closed D.opened；closed,open双重词性(adj.&v.)；close为动词，其形容词为closed；此题中，open与closed均表示状态，所以用形容词形式，而不是被动

30、语态,C,实例演练,词汇与语法,2、除及物动词外，一些相当于及物动词的短语动词也可使用被动语态形式，除了个别情况，短语动词一般不拆开使用。例如：This matter will be dealt with as soon as possible.,2.A leader should be a man who can _.depend depend on be depended be depended on,及物动词短语用于被动语态，一般不能拆开使用,D,词汇与语法,实例演练,3.不定式符号to在被动语态中不可省略。在主动语态中，感官动词和“使”动词常跟不带to的动词不定式，但在被动语态中要有t

31、o。例如：I saw her pass by the window.She was seen to pass by the window.have,let,make,feel,hear,listen to,look at,notice,observe,see,watch,After the Minister of Education had finished speaking at the press conference,he was made _ all sorts of awkward questions.A.answer B.answering C.answered D.to answ

32、er,教育部长,记者招待会,D,make 在主动语态中不用加“to”,而用于被动语态中时要加“to”,sb.was made to do sth.,实例演练,词汇与语法,4.某些实义动词加副词也表示被动意义，如：wash,write,sell,eat,keep,read,open,shut等。This type of recorder sells well.This kind of shirt washes well.The pen writes well.,5.感官动词主动表示被动意义，如：smell,taste,feel,sound,watch等。The dish tastes so de

33、licious.The clothes feel soft.That idea sounds terrific.,Take this medicine twice a day,Peter?-Do I have to take it?It _ so terrible.is tasting is tasted tastes has tasted,C,词汇与语法,实例演练,6.want,need,require,deserve,stand,take,be worth等词后跟主动形式的动名词可以表示被动意义。例如：The film is quite worth watching.The children need looking after.(=to be looked after)The rule will take some learning.,Thank you,