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1、可数名词和不可数名词,可数名词,(1)(2)(3)(4),定义:是可以计数的名词。,可数名词前可以用 a,an 限定,表一个.。,可数名词前可以用 one,two,three 限定。,可数名词有复数形式。,可数名词复数形式的构成 1,加-s,1.-s在清辅音后读s,2.-s在浊辅音后读z,3.-s在元音后读z,4.以音素 s,z,结尾的,读iz,desks,apples,trees,oranges,以-s,-x,-sh,-ch 结尾的,加-es,-es读iz,boxes,watches,以 f 或 fe 结尾的,改f或fe为v 再加-es,-ves读vz,knives,wives,可数名词复数
2、形式的构成 2,改y为i 再加-es,-ies读iz,families,dictionaries,以元音字母加y结尾的,加-s,-s读z,boys,keys,以o 结尾的,有生命的事物加-es,-es读z,tomatoes,potatoes,以辅音字母加y结尾的,无生命的事物加-s,-s读z,photos,radios,可数名词的计数方法:数词+名词复数:two computers,ten people.three eggs不确切计数:some/any/many/a lot of/+名词复数 一些/许多/很多.,可数名词和不可数名词,不可数名词,(1)(2)(3)(4),定义:是指不能计数的名
3、词。,不可数名词前不可以用 a,an 限定。,不可数名词前不可以用 one,two,three 限定。,不可数名词没有复数形式。,不可数名词的计量方法,1.不确切表达:some/any/a lot of/much/.+不 可数名词。2.具体表达方法:数词或冠词+量词+of+不可数名词 量词:既可以是单数也可以是复数 但of 后的名词必须是不可数名词,常见的量词有:,a piece of 一条/张/块/件 a pair of 一双一对 a cup of.一杯 a glass of.一杯 a bottle of.一瓶 a bag of.一包/袋 a basket of.一篮子 a bowl of.
4、一碗,a bag of rice一袋大米 a bottleof water一瓶水a bottle of orange juice一瓶橘汁a bowl of rice一碗饭a cup of coffee一杯咖啡a glass of milk一杯牛奶a piece of paper 一张纸,a basket of eggs two baskets of eggsa kilo of beeftwo kilos of beefa piece of bread two pieces of bread a bag of milk five bags of milk但是不可数名词前有复数单位词时,谓语动词要
5、用复数形式。如:Tea is good for our health.茶有益于身心健康。There are two cups of tea on the table.桌上有两杯茶。,6.对可数名词前的修饰语提问用how many;对不可数名词前的修饰语提问用how much。如:How many candles are there in the box?盒子里有多少个苹果?How much tea is there in the cup?杯里有多少茶水?注意:对不可数名词前的单位词的修饰语提问时,疑问词用how many。How many pieces of bread are there o
6、n the plate?,4.可数名词前可用具体的数词来表示具体的数量,如:two apples,four books.不可数名词前通常用单位词+of来表示数量,如:a piece of bread,three pieces of bread等。,可数名词与不可数名词的区别:,1.可数名词有单数、复数之分;不可数名词没有复数,只有单数。2.单数可数名词表示泛指时,前面要用不定冠词a(an);而不可数名词不能用a(an):I am a beautiful teacher,my sister is a doctor.We cant see bread on her face.注意:在表示特指时,可
7、数名词和不可数名词都要用定冠词 theThe girl is looking at the hair in the plate.,3.可数名词和不可数名词前都可以用some,any,a lot of,lots of 等来修饰,表示一些,许多。如:There are some oranges on the desk.桌子上有一些桔子。There is some orange in the glass.杯子里有一些桔子汁。There is a lot of water in the bottle.瓶里有许多水。,5 可数名词作主语时,谓语动词的单复数与主语的单复数保持一致。如:This picture is very beautiful.这幅画很美。These pictures are mine.这些照片是我的。不可数名词作主语时,谓语动词要用单数形式,但是不可数名词前有复数单位词时,谓语动词要用复数形式。如:Tea is good for our health.茶有益于身心健康。There are two cups of tea on the table.桌上有两杯茶。,
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