人教英语选修8第一单元Learningaboutlanguage.ppt

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1、Unit 1 A land of diversity,Learning about language,majority,Complete the following chart with new words from the text.,racial,hardship/hardness,distinction,Italy,Korean,Pakistani,Denish,applied,mixed,illustrative,application,mixture,illustration,simplify,simplicity,2 Complete these sentences,using n

2、ew words from the text.,1.A _ country consists of a group of states.2.That is the biggest _ church I have ever seen.,federal,catholic,3.The _ of us voted for Mr Red,who then became chairman of the committee.4.The _ of Education is one of the government departments.5.The economic _ in recent years ha

3、s created more job opportunities.6._ shaped like a boot lies in the south of Europe.,majority,Ministry,boom,Italy,shape n.1.形状;样子,外形CUThe sculptor worked the clay into the shape of a woman.2.(表现)形式;体现,具体化UCThe writers dreams find a shape in his novel.3.【口】情况,状态UAthletes must stay in shape.运动员一定要保持身体

4、健康。4.模糊的人影;幽灵CIn the darkness,I saw a shape tiptoeing out.,及物动词 vt.1.使成形;塑造,制作(+into/from/out of)The potter shaped the clay into a vase.Childhood experiences often play a big part in shaping ones character.童年经历在形成一个人的性格方面往往起重要作用。2(使）具体化The writer shaped what he had in his mind into the novel.3.使适合;使

5、合身(+to)The dress was shaped to her figure.这件连衣裙做得很适合她的身材。,7.We should draw a _ between right and wrong.8.To make the crossing from Shandong to the Northeast,our ancestors suffered all kinds of _.9.The people from South or North _ are called Koreans.10.Nobody knows who will be _ as president or vice

6、president of this country.,distinction,hardship,Korea,elected,3 Choose the words and phrases to fill in the blanks,changing their forms if necessary.,aircraft crossing by means of make a life rail strait Arctic,My nephews first holiday to the _ was a delight.The scenery and the icebergs excited him.

7、Looking across the Bering _ into Russia was something he would remember forever.To make the _ between these two great countries seemed as if it would take no time at all!Then he travelled across the ice _ a dog sled.It made the journey he had earlier done by _ seem very ordinary.,Arctic,strait,cross

8、ing,by means of,rail,When he reached the North Pole,he found t the melting of the ice and_ for themselves among the snowy hills and plains.After a short break he took the local _ to fly back to Alaska and the sea voyage back home!,Making a life,aircraft,occur vi.存在,被发现;发生;想到,想起(to),(主语是事,宾语是人)These

9、flowers occur in the tropics(热带).The sound doesnt occur in Chinese.When did the accident occur?An idea occurred to me.It never occurred to him that she would fail.,Explanation,1)The name of the film _ me suddenly.Which of the following is wrong?A.occurred to B.came to C.struck D.stuck2)_ to me that

10、I had left the door unlocked.A.It happened B.It struck C.It hit D.It occurred3)An accident did,however,_ at the street corner last night.A.occur B.take place C.happened D.broke out,occur(occurred,occurred),D,D,A,Grammar,Noun Clauses名词性从句,Noun Clauses,subjective clause主语从句,objective clause宾语从句,predic

11、ative clause表语从句,appositive clause同位语从句,名词性从句相当于名词,可分别作主句的主语、表语、宾语和同位语。因此,名词性从句可分为主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句。,1.What it was to become was a mystery.2.I dont know who will help Henry to win the bet.3.His trouble is that he doesnt know anybody in London.4.The fact that ships can go there surprises many peop

12、le.,主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句,同位语从句,1.宾语从句宾语从句在复合句中起宾语作用,可以作动词的宾语，也可以作介词的宾语。引导宾语从句词有连词that,if,whether;连接代词who,whose,what,which;连接副词when,where,how,why等。,1)I think(that)women can reach very high achievements in many fields of science.2)I wonder whether/if she remembered how many babies she had delivered.3)Do you

13、 know who/whom Jack was speaking to?,2.表语从句表语从句在复合句中起表语作用。引导宾语从句词有连词that,what,which,who,whom,whose等。除在句子中起连接作用外,还可在从句中充当主语、表语、定语,且各有各的词义。,Tom is no longer what he used to be.The question is which of us should come first.The problem is who is really fit for the hard job.The important thing is whose n

14、ame should be put on the top of the list.,3.主语从句做主语用的名词性从句,因其在复合句中做主语,又称主语从句,引导主语从句的有连词that,whether,连接代词who,what,which,连接副词when,where,how,why等。,That she left him cut him to the heart.What seems easy to some people seems difficult to others.Whether it will please them is not easy to say.,4.同位语从句同位语从句

15、属于名词性从句,大多由从属连词that引导,常常跟在fact,news,idea,thought,question,reply,report,remark,hope,belief等名词后面。同位语从句一般用来解释或说明这些名词的具体含义或内容,在逻辑上表现为同为关系。,They are familiar with the opinion that all matter consists of atoms.Where did you get the idea that I could not come.The suggestion came from the chairman that the

16、new rule should be adopted.,1.名词性从句的语序(陈述句语序)；2.几对重要关联词的区别:whetherif,whatthat,whatwhatever,whowhoever,etc;3.it用作形式主语或形式宾语代替主语从句 或宾语从句；4.根据具体情景选用适当的关联词。,高考考查热点,根据例句,讨论：1)whetherif的区别Please tell me if/whether you will go to the lectures tomorrow.It all depends on whether the sky will clear up.The ques

17、tion is whether the film is well worth seeing.Whether he will be well tomorrow Im not sure.Whether it is true remains a problem.,ABCD,A,A.引导宾语从句,位于及物动词后B.引导宾语从句,位于介词后C.引导宾语从句,放句首D.引导表语从句,主语从句或同位语从句,2)Whatthat的区别I think that it is unnecessary for me to speak louder.His mother is satisfied with what h

18、e has done.That he was able to come made us happy.This is what makes us interested.The reason was that Tod had never seen the million-pound note before.,缺,不缺,什么;所的东西、事情,无意义,否,宾语从句中能省略,3)whowhoever;whatwhatever的区别The spoken English competition is coming,Who will attend the meeting hasnt been decided

19、yet.I believe whoever takes part in the competition will try his best.Can you tell me what you would like to order?Whatever happens,dont be surprised.All the food here is delicious.Just order whatever you like.,表示“谁”,表示“的任何人”,表“什么，所的东西、事情”,表“的任何东西”,/,表“不论谁”,/,表“无论什么”,4)常见的it作形式主语的结构It is a fact that

20、 he won the match.It is necessary that we do study the English.It is known to all that light travels in straight lines.It seemed that he would come here.,It is a fact/a shame/a pity/no wonder/good news/that,It is necessary/strange/important/possible/likely/that这类主语从句中,谓语动词常为(should)+动词原形,It is said/

21、reported/decide/known/that,It seemed/happened/doesntmatter/has turned out/that,Suggested answers to Exercise 3 on page 5:,She pretended that she was a socialist,believing in socialism.It is not surprising that so many people love California.Why she didnt tell you herself is what I want to know/is wh

22、at I cant explain.I wonder why he lied to me.,Revising useful structures,The trouble was that she had lost her passport.It is essential that you get a visa before you travel to the USA.What George discovered in California was different from what he saw in the movies.Where they got all that money is

23、what I want to know/is what I cant explain.,定语从句陷阱题,1.She was so angry and spoke so fast that none of us understood _ he said meant.A.that B.what C.that that D.what what 2.After _ had happened he could not continue to work there.A.which B.how C.what D.having,3.He pointed to _ looked like a tomb and

24、said,“Ghost.”A.that B.what C.which D.as 4.“Is _ you want to say？”asked the teacher.A.this B.that C.all that D.that all 5.“When _ leave for Japan？”“When _ leave for Japan is kept secret.”A.they will,will they B.will they,they will C.they will,they will D.will they,will they,6.None knows if _ that boy

25、,but if _ him,her parents will be disappointed.A.she will marry,she will marry B.she marries,she marries C.she will marry,she marries D.she marries,she will marry 7.“Where _ go to work？”“Where _ go to work is not known.”A.we shall,we shall B.shall we,shall we C.shall we,we shall D.we shall,shall we,

26、8.Someone is ringing the doorbell.Go and see _.A.who is he B.who he is C.who is it D.who it is 9.Dont you know,my dear friend,_ it is your money not you that she loves？A.who B.which C.that D.what,10.Everyone knows,perhaps except you,_ your girl-friend is a cheat.A.who B.which C.that D.what 11.I thin

27、k,though I could be mistaken,_ she liked me.A.who B.which C.that D.what 12.He told me the news,believe it or not,_ he had earned$1 000 in a single day.A.that B.which C.as D.because,13.They lost their way in the forest,and _ made matters worse was that night began to fall.A.it B.which C.that D.what 1

28、4.Patience is a kind of quality and that is _ it takes to do anything well.A.what B.which C.which D.how 15.It has come to my notice _ some of you have missed classes.A.what B.which C.that D.when,16.-“What were you trying to prove to the police？”-“_ I was last night.”A.That B.When C.Where D.What 17.C

29、ountry life gives him peace and quiet,which is _ he cant enjoy while living in big cities.A.that B.why C.where D.what 18.It is pretty well understood _ controls the flow of carbon dioxide in and out the atmosphere today.A.that B.when C.what D.how,19._ she couldnt understand was _ fewer and fewer stu

30、dents showed interest in her lessons.A.What;why B.That;what C.What;because D.Why;that 20._ we are doing has never been done before.A.That B.What C.Which D.Whether 21.People have heard _ the President has said;they are waiting to see _ he will do.A.how,how B.what,what C.when,how D.that,what,22.When y

31、ou answer questions in a job interview,please remember the golden rule：Always give the monkey exactly _ he wants.A.what B.which C.when D.that 23.These wild flowers are so special I would do _ I can to save them.A.whatever B.that C.which D.whichever 24._ she was invited to the ball made her very happ

32、y.A.What B.That C.When D.Because,25.Eat _ cake you like and leave the others for _ comes in late.A.any,who B.every,whoever C.whichever,whoever D.either,whoever 26.I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella._ I got wet through.A.Its the reason B.Thats why C.Theres why D.Thats because,27._ has helped to

33、 save the drowning girl is worth praising.A.Who B.The one C.Anyone D.Whoever 28._ medicine works in a human body is a question _ not everyone can understand fully.A.How;that B.What;which C.That;which D.What;that,I have always been honest and straight forward,and it doesnt matter _ that Im talking to

34、.(广东省)A.who is it B.who it is C.it is who D.it is whom,高考链接,B,3._ made the school proud was_ more than 90 of the students had been admitted to key universities.(上海春季)A.What;because B.What;thatC.That;what D.That;because,B,5.-Are you still thinking about yesterdays game?-Oh,thats_.(北京春季)A.what makes m

35、e feel excitedB.whatever I feel excited about C.how I feel about it D.when I feel excited,【解析】这是由what 引导的一个表语从句，在从句中充当主语,这句话的意思为:那是使我感到兴奋的事。故答案为A。,A,6.-I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.-Is that_ you had a few days off?(NMET)A.why B.when C.what D.where,【解析】这是一个由why引导的表语从句,表示原因。这句话的意思是“这就是

36、你离开 的原因吗?”。故答案为A。,A,7.He made another wonderful discovery,_ of great importance to science.A.which I think is B.which I think it is C.which I think it D.I think which is,【解析】答案A。该题考查定语从句中加入插入语的用法,因插入语应位于引导词之后，所以D项不对,B、C两项无法构成正确结构。,A,1.The lawyer rarely wears anything other than jeans and a T-shirt _

37、 the season.A.whateverB.wherever C.wheneverD.however2.Students are always interested in finding out _ they can go with a new teacher.A.how far B.how soon C.how often D.how long,高考链接,A,A,3._ is known to us all is that the 2008 Olympic Games will take place in Beijing.A.It B.What C.As D.Which4.When as

38、ked _ they needed most,the kids said they wanted to feel important and loved.A.what B.why C.whom D.which,B,A,5._ was most important to her,she told me,was her family.A.ItB.ThisC.What D.As6.Forests suffered at the hands of Man _ they were destroyed by people to make way for agricultural land to provi

39、de food for more people.A.in which B.for which C.so that D.in that,C,D,7._wants to stay in a hotel has to pay their own way.A.Anyone B.The one C.Whoever D.Who8.Some children want to challenge themselves by learning a language different from _ their parents speak at home.A.what B.that C.which D.one,C

40、,A,高考链接,1.She is very dear to us.We have been prepared to do_ it takes to save her life.A.whichever B.however C.whatever D.whoever【答案】C 名词性从句的引导词。句意为：她对我们来说是非常宝贵,我们已经准备好做一切来拯救她的生命。,2.The fact has worried many scientists _ the earth is becoming warmer and warmer these years.,what B.which C.that D.tho

41、ugh,【答案】C 间隔式同位语从句的用法。即先行词是the fact 和that引导的同位语从句中间隔了谓语部分。,3.Could I speak to _ is in charge of International Sales please?,A.who B.whatC.whoever D.whatever,【答案】C whoever既作了to的宾语，又作is in charge of International Sales please?的主语。“whoever”作代词，any person whothe person who“任何人”、“无论谁”、“的人”。,4.The how to

42、book can be of help to _ wants to do the job.,who B.whomever C.no matter who D.whoever,【答案】D 此处从做介词to的宾语，是名词性从句，引导词做从句的主语，指人，意思是：无论是谁，选D,5.One of the most important questions they had to consider was _ of public health.,A.what B.thisC.that D.which,【答案】C 句意为：他们必须考虑其中最重要的问题是公共卫生。考查that作代词，that 作代词，往往用

43、于特指，相当于“that名词”，它也只能代替事情不能代替人。,6.News came from the school office _Wang Lin had been admitted to Beijing University.,A.which B.what C.that D.where,【答案】C 在该题中that引导了一个同位语从句来解释说明news的内容，由于该题把同位语从句后置了，所以很多考生由于不能正确分析句子结构而错误选择了D项。,7.The little girl who got lost decided to remain _she was and wait for her mother.,where B.what C.how D.who,【答案】A remain是系动词，后加表语从句，由句意可知，从句缺地点状语，所以选A。,Homework,1.Summarize the rules of noun clauses and learn them by heart.2.Translate sentences:1)显而易见,英语很重要.(主语从句)2)玛利认为他会帮助她.(宾语从句)3)我从来未到过那儿这事实是真的.(同位语从句)4)问题是我们下一步该怎么做.(表语从句),