强调句、省略句、反义疑问句.ppt

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1、一、强调句型,It is/was+强调部分+that/who/whom+其他成分 这个句型用来强调除谓语以外的各种句子成分,被强调部分必须放在it is/was 后面，如果强调的部分是人，可以who/whom 来代替that.,They will have a meeting in the hall tomorrow.强调主语:It 强调宾语:It 强调地点状语:It 强调时间状语:It,It is they that/who will have a meeting in the hall tomorrow.,It is a meeting that they will have in the

2、 hall tomorrow.,It is tomorrow that they will have a meeting in the hall.,It is in the hall that they will have a meeting tomorrow.,wyz108,被强调的不管是单数还是复数名词，主句的be动词都用单数is或was。It was Madame Curie and her husband who discovered radium.是居里夫人和她的丈夫发现了镭。It is the PLA men who/that are safeguarding our countr

3、y day and night.是解放军战士日夜保卫着我们的祖国。,4对not.until.时间状语从句进行强调时，其句型是：It is/was not until.that从句，即not和until在强调句中总是紧挨着的。注意习惯上不用not till，而且从句不能用when引导。It was not until the last operation was finished that Bethune left the battle hospital.直到做完最后一个手术白求恩才离开战地医院。,1一般疑问句的强调：（1）Did you meet your brother at Mc Dona

4、ld?Was it your brother that you met at Mc Donald?(强调宾语)（2）Has Tom borrowed your money recently?Is it Tom that has borrowed your money recently?(强调主语),问句形式：一般问句：Is/Was it+被强调部分+that+-,Is it the dictionary that you are looking for?Was it yesterday that he was fired?,2.特殊疑问句的强调：(1)Where did you see her

5、 cellphone yesterday?Where was it that you saw her cellphone yesterday?（强调特殊疑问词where）(2)How will you go to visit her tomorrow?How is it that you will go to visit her tomorrow?（强调特殊疑问词how）,What is it that you want me to do?Who was it that told you the news?When was it that you called me?How was it th

6、at you succeed?,特殊问句：疑问词+is/was+it+that+-,把“It is/was-that”去掉，如果剩余部分句子结构仍然完整，那么这个句子就是强调句；如果句子不完整，则不是强调句。如：It is true that he once went to America.It was at 8 oclock that he came back.,主语从句,强调句型,3.强调句型的判断,4.强调句型高考考点,强调句型与定语从句合用，增加试题迷惑性。,It was on the day when he joined the Party that he was killed.他正

7、是在入党的那天被杀害的。,定语从句,It was in Beihai Park _ they met for the first time _ the old couple told us their love story.A.where;that B.that;thatC.where;when D.that;when该题中“they met for the first time”为被强调部分“Beihai Park”的定语,(,),二、省略句型,1状语从句的省略(1)有些时间、条件、方式、让步状语从句中，如果从句的主语和主句主语一致或从句的主语为it，而且从句的谓语动词又包含be，就可以省略

8、从句中的“主语be”部分。While(I was)in Beijing,I paid a visit to the Great Wall.在北京时，我去游览了长城。If(you are)asked,you may come in.如果被叫到，你可以进来。,She stood at the gate as if(she was)waiting for someone.她站在门口好像在等人。Though(it was)cold,he still wore a shirt.尽管冷，他仍穿着件衬衫。,(2)还有诸如：if so(如果如此)；if any(如果有)；if in need(如果需要)；if

9、 necessary(如果有必要);if not(如果不的话)；if ever(如果曾经的话)；if possible(如果可能的话)。Errors,if(there are)any,should be corrected.如果有什么错误，就应当改正。Come tomorrow if(it is)possible.有可能的话明天来。,Get up early tomorrow,if not(you dont get up early),you will miss the first bus.明天早点起床，如果不的话，你会错过早班车。He may not be at home then,if s

10、o(he is not at home)，leave him a note.那时他可能不在家，如果这样给他留下字条吧。,2Im afraid,I think,I believe,I hope,I guess等作答句，后面跟so与not分别等于肯定或否定，宾语从句可省去。Do you think it will rain?你认为将会下雨吗？I hope not(that it will not rain)我希望不下雨。Do you believe our team will win?你相信我们的队会赢吗？I guess so.(that our team will win)我猜会赢。,3不定式省

11、略，单独使用不定式符号to(1)用来代替动词不定式后被省略的动词，常在be afraid,expect,forget,hope,intend,like,love,mean,prefer,refuse,seem,try,want,wish等的后边。I asked him to see the film,but he didnt want to.我请他去看电影，但他不想去。(2)在have,need,ought,be going,used等后面。I didnt want to go there,but I had to.我不想去那儿，但我不得不去。,(3)在某些形容词glad,happy,plea

12、sed,delighted等后面。Will you join in the game?你愿意加入做游戏吗？Id be glad to.我很高兴加入。(4)如果不定式中含有be,have,have been，通常保留be,have和have been。Are you a sailor?你是海员吗？No,but I used to be.不，但我过去是。,例(2009江苏)What s the matter with Della?Well,her parents wouldnt allow her to go to the party,but she still _.Ahopes to Bhope

13、s soChopes not Dhopes for解析：考查不定式的省略。动词不定式省略时，要保留动词不定式符号to。答案：A,三、反义疑问句,反义疑问句即附加疑问句。它表示提问人的看法，没有把握，需要对方证实。反义疑问句由两部分组成:前一部分是一个陈述句，后一部分是一个简短的疑问句，两部分的人称时态应保持一致。主要形式:陈述部分肯定式+疑问部分否定式;陈述部分否定式+疑问部分肯定式。陈述部分和疑问部分要么前肯后否，要么前否后肯。这类反义疑问句有时带有感情色彩，表示惊奇，愤怒，讽刺，不服气等。例如:You call this a days work，dont you?你说这就叫一天的活儿，不是

14、吗?,1.祈使句。祈使句后一般加上will you或wont you构成反义疑问句，用will you 多表示“请求”,用wont you 多表示提醒对方注意,Look at the blackboard,will you?,Let引导的祈使句有两种情况：1)Lets.,后的反意疑问句用shall we或shant we。例如：Lets go home,shall we/shant we?回家吧，好吗？2)Let us/me.后的反意疑问句用will you或wont you。例如：Let me have a try,will you/wont you?让我试一试，行吗？Lets.，shall

15、 we?Let us.，will you?祈使句中的后半部分附加问句，往往表示一种语气。其结构为：(1)否定祈使句，will you?(2)肯定祈使句，will/wont you?Lets.，shall we?Let us.，will you?Let第三人称.，will you?Open the door,will/wont you?打开门，好吗？,2.感叹句。感叹句后加反义疑问句时，其反义疑问句需用be的一般现在时态的否定形式。例如：What fine weather,isnt it?多好的天气啊，是吧？,3.陈述部分主、谓语是I am.时，反意疑问句用arent I 或aint I,而不是

16、am not I 例如：Im working now,arent I?我在工作，是吗？,4.陈述部分的主语是everything,nothing,anything或something 时，反义疑问句的主语应用代词it。例如：Something is wrong with my radio,isnt it?我的收音机出毛病了，是吧.Nothing is right,is it?,6.陈述部分的主语是指示代词this或that时，反义疑问句的主语用it，当陈述部分的主语是指示代词these或those时，其反意疑问句的主语用they。例如：This is a plane,isnt it?这是一架飞

17、机，是吗？These are grapes，arent they?这些是葡萄，是吗？,5.陈述部分的主语是 everybody,everyone,anybody,anyone,somebody,someone,nobody,no one,none,neither 时,其反义疑问句的主语需用复数代词they。例如：Everyone is here,arent they?大家都到了，是吗？No one knows about it,do they?没有人知道这件事，对吗,8.当陈述部分含I think(believe,suppose.)that.结构时，其反义疑问句须与从句的主、谓语保持一致，注意

18、主句的主语必须是第一人称。例如：I dont think he will come,will he?我认为他不会来，对吗？I think she is a student,isnt she?,9.陈述部分有have to 时，其反义疑问句要用助动词的否定形式。例如：You have to water the vegetables every day,dont you?你每天都要浇菜，对吧？,7.当陈述部分含有以下这些含有否定意义的词时：few,little,seldom，hardly,never,not,no,no one,nobody,nothing,none,neither等，其反意疑问句

19、需用肯定结构。例如:He is never late for school,is he?他上学从不迟到，是吗？当陈述部分所含的否定词是通过加前缀或后缀构成的，其后的反义疑问句依然用否定结构。例如：It is unfair,isnt it?这不公平，是吧？,11.陈述部分是there be句型时，其反义疑问句中要用there。例如：There was a hospital here,wasnt there?过去这儿有家医院，是吗？,12.陈述部分有had better时，反义疑问句中要用hadnt。例如：We had better go to school at once,hadnt we?我们

20、现在最好马上去上学，好吗？,10.当陈述部分含有否定意思的词是unhappy,dislike,unfriendly,等含有否定词缀的派生词，也就是有un,dis,no-前缀、-less后缀等含有词缀而意思否定的词，当做肯定句处理，疑问部分要用否定形式。如:He looks unhappy,doesnt he?他看上去不高兴，不是吗?The girl dislikes history,doesnt she?这女孩不喜欢历史，不是吗?,13.当陈述部分有情态动词must，问句有4种情况:(1)mustnt表示禁止，不可，不必时，附加问句通常要用must.You mustnt stop your c

21、ar here,must you?你不能把车停在这地方，知道吗?(2)must表示有必要时，附加问句通常要用neednt.They must finish the work today,neednt they?他们今天要完成这项工作，是吗?(3)must be表推测,用来表示对现 在的情况进行推测时，问句通常要根据must后面的动词采用相应的形式。He must be good at English,isnt he?他英语一定学得很好，是吗?She must be a good English teacher,isnt she?她一定是位优秀的英语老师，是吗?,回答反义疑问句的原则回答反意疑问

22、句通常应根据实际情况来确定，如有人问你You are asleep,arent you?你应回答No,Im not.因为既然你能回答，肯定你还没有asleep。但如果别人问你 You arent asleep,are you?(你还没有睡着，对吗)，你也只能回答No,Im not.(是的，还没有睡着)，而不能回答为Yes,Im not.也不能回答成 Yes,I am.It is a beautiful flower，isnt it?It isnt a beautiful flower，is it?上述两句句子的回答肯定均为Yes，it is.否定为No，it isnt.由上述例子可知，反义疑问

23、句回答只需注意事实，肯定即用yes，否定用no，建议在答题时，先按照实际写后面的答句，再根据前后一致原则写Yes或No。,对反意疑问句的回答，无论问题的提法如何，如果事实是肯定的，就用yes，事实是否定的，就要用no。但是，翻译成汉语意思刚好相反，这种回答的yes要译成不，no要译成是。例:-He likes playing football,doesnt he?他喜欢踢足球，不是吗?-Yes,he does./No,he doesnt.是的。/不是。-His sister didnt attend the meeting,did she?他妹妹没有参加会议，是吗?-Yes,she did./No,she didnt.不，她参加了。/是的，她没参加。,例(2009上海)Sallys never seen a play in the Shanghai Grand Theatre,_？A.hasnt she B.has she C.isnt she D.is she 解析：句意：萨利从未在上海戏院看过戏，是吗？句中陈述部分是现在完成时的否定句，故附加疑问句部分用肯定形式has she?答案：B,