北京导游词英语介绍.doc

《北京导游词英语介绍.doc》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《北京导游词英语介绍.doc（34页珍藏版）》请在三一办公上搜索。

1、北京导游词英语介绍 北京导游词英语介绍1Beijing is located at 39 56 N and 116 20 E. It is located at the northwest end of the North China Plain, in the west, North and northeast. It is surrounded by Taihang Mountain (West Mountain), Jundu mountain and Yanshan mountain, which makes it look like a bay, so it has been cal

2、led Beijing bay since ancient times.Beijing, the capital of the peoples Republic of China, is the center of politics, culture, transportation, tourism and international exchanges. The city consists of 11 districts and 7 counties. The total area is 16800 square kilometers, of which the urban area cov

3、ers 1040 square kilometers. The population is 11.5 million. Beijing is the first of the four municipalities directly under the central government in China.Beijing has a north temperate continental monsoon climate with four distinct seasons. Spring flowers, autumn moon, summer rain and winter snow ar

4、e the different characteristics of each season. No matter when you come to Beijing for sightseeing, you will have charming wind colors. Beijing has shorter spring and autumn, longer summer and winter. January is colder, the average temperature is - 4.7 , July is slightly hot, the average temperature

5、 is 26.1 . The average annual rainfall is 650 mm and the frost free period is 180 days. It has a prominent geographical location, magnificent mountains and rivers, fertile land and rich products, so it has always been regarded as the treasure land of China.Beijing has a written history of more than

6、3000 years and a long history of urban construction. As far back as 700000-500000 years ago, this is the birthplace of human ancestors, and Peking man has been breeding in Zhoukoudian and other places in southwest Beijing. In 586 BC, the state of Yan, the Marquis of the Zhou Dynasty, established its

7、 capital here, named Ji. From then on, the name of Yanjing has been passed down to the present. After the third century B.C., it was an important northern town in the Qin, Han, Sui and Tang Dynasties. At the beginning of the 10th century, the Qidan people in Northeast China established the Liao Dyna

8、sty and took it as the capital, Nanjing. In 1125, the Nuzhen nationality rose, destroyed the Liao Dynasty and built the Jin Dynasty. It officially established its capital, named Zhongdu, and built 36 luxurious palaces. The central capital was in the area of Guanganmen today, but it was destroyed in

9、1215. In this year, the Mongols in the north of China moved southward, successively destroyed the Jin Dynasty and the Southern Song Dynasty, which avoided Hangzhou, and unified China. In 1267, the Yuan Dynasty rebuilt the capital city with the JinDynasty Daning Palace (now Beihai Park) as the center

10、, and renamed it Dadu, which is the predecessor of todays old Beijing city. In 1368, the peasant uprising army led by Zhu Yuanzhang overthrew the Yuan Dynasty and established the Ming Dynasty. The capital of the Ming Dynasty was located in Nanjing, which was renamed Beiping. In 1403, Zhu Di won the

11、throne, moved his capital to Peking, and changed its name to Beijing. After 15 years of construction, the Forbidden City was completed in 1420 and the capital was officially moved to Beijing in 1421. In 1644, the Qing army entered the pass, the Ming Dynasty perished, and the Qing Dynasty also establ

12、ished its capital in Beijing. Each dynasty has established its capital here for more than 800 years. After the founding of new China in 1949, the old Beijing gained a new life and was determined as the capital of new China.The ancient city of Beijing, after the great creation of the working people o

13、f the past dynasties, has left a splendid culture of the Chinese nation. The architectural layout of the whole city takes the Forbidden City as the center and runs through an 8 km long central axis from south to north. Before and after the dynasty, zuozu and YouSHE (Taimiao and sheji altar); the str

14、eets are vertical and horizontal, the temples are brilliant; the temples are magical, the gardens are magnificent; the rivers and lakes are winding, the scenery is picturesque. The whole city has both plane layout and three-dimensional shape, which is not only a model of Chinese ancient capital, but

15、 also occupies a very important position in the history of world urban construction. Beijing has always been famous for its rich places of interest and charming natural scenery. Here are the worlds wonders of the Great Wall, the worlds most imperial palace complex, beautiful classical gardens, as we

16、ll as magnificent temples, mausoleums, pagodas, stone carvings and so on. Moreover, Shidu, Songshan, Longqing gorge, Shihua Cave and other natural landscapes, as well as many historical sites such as the May 4th Movement in 1919, are all tourist attractions that people can enjoy and forget to return

17、.北京导游词英语介绍2Dear tourists, we are now here to Tiananmen Square, the largest city center square in the world, with an area of 440000 square meters. Moreover, the geographical location of Beijing in the world is determined by the longitude and latitude of the square (east longitude: 116 23 17 , north l

18、atitude: 39 54 27 ),. It is located in the center of Beijing and has been watching the historical changes of Beijing since ancient times. In the Ming Dynasty, it was once called chengtianmen square. There was a T-shaped square. Of course, it is no longer there. In the Qing Dynasty, it was changed to

19、 Tiananmen Square. After the revolution of 1911, Tiananmen Square became the best gathering place for mass movements. The famous May 4th movement, the 129 student movement and so on took place here. The most famous event here, I believe you all know, was the founding ceremony on October 1, 1949, whe

20、n 300000 people gathered here to celebrate the founding of new China. After liberation, the T-shaped square was demolished and large buildings such as the monument to the peoples heroes, the Great Hall of the people, the history museum and the revolutionary museum were built. In 1976, after the deat

21、h of the president, the memorial hall of the president was built on the original position of the Chinese gate, thus forming the architectural pattern of the square today. In the 50th anniversary of the national day, Tiananmen Square has undergone a series of renovation, making the square more beauti

22、ful, spectacular and clean. You must be looking forward to the Tiananmen Square I described. It doesnt matter. I will introduce it to you one by one in the next tour.During the Yongle period of the Ming Dynasty, it was called Chengtian gate. It was just a wooden archway, which means to carry out the

23、 transportation from heaven, to be ordered by heaven. However, it was burned down in the Ming Dynasty. Later, the city building with nine wide faces and five deep faces was built, which truly reflected the emperors respect of 95. But at the end of Ming Dynasty, it was destroyed again. During the rei

24、gn of emperor Shunzhi of the Qing Dynasty, after the reconstruction of the city tower, it was renamed Tiananmen, the other three imperial city gates were renamed daian, and the three main halls of the Forbidden City were renamed daihe, which reflected the good wishes of internal and external securit

25、y. This is what we are looking at now. It is composed of three parts: the foundation, the platform and the tower. The base is white marble xumizuo, which is the highest level base in ancient China, with a height of 1.59 meters. The platform is 14.6 meters high. And the double eaves of the city tower

26、 rest on the top of the mountain, which was also the highest level of the temple roof at that time. The whole building is 33.7 meters high. After 70 years of renovation, it has risen by one meter.This is a very high-grade building, and its role is also very important. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties,

27、 whenever there was a national ceremony, the ceremony of Jinfeng imperial edict was held on the city tower. After the imperial edict was announced, a wood carved Golden Phoenix was put on the yellow silk thread machine. The Golden Phoenix carried the imperial edict down the wall. The officials of th

28、e Ministry of rites caught it with a cloud tray, and then put it into the Dragon Pavilion to praise the Ministry of rites, and then promulgated it. )And whenever the emperor went out of the palace to sacrifice, this was the only way. The most important moment for new China was also born here. The ch

29、airman solemnly announced the founding of new China on the Tiananmen Gate Tower, and personally angered the first five-star red flag of new China. The portrait of the chairman on the city floor is replaced every year before the national day.The river in front of Tiananmen tower is called Jinshui Riv

30、er. Then why is it called Jinshui River? Because this river is drawn from the northwest of Beijing, and in the Yin Yang and five elements, the West belongs to Jin and the North belongs to water, so this river is named Jinshui River, and the seven white jade bridges on the river are Jinshui bridge. T

31、he two bridges next to them are called Gongsheng bridge, which correspond to the Taimiao temple and the sheji altar, which are now the Cultural Palace of the working people and Zhongshan Park. The one in the middle is the royal road bridge, which is specially used by the emperor and queen. The two b

32、ridges beside it are royal bridges, which are used by the royal princes. The two bridges beside them are grade bridges, which can only be passed by officials above grade three.In front of Jinshui bridge, there is a stone lion on the left and right. The one on the left is the master, and the one on t

33、he right is the lioness. How can we tell the male from the female? Because the male masters foot is on the hydrangea, while the female lion is the cub. Now in order to protect the cultural relics, the lions have been fenced up. There were a pair of Huabiao before and after Tiananmen Square. In fact,

34、 the original name of Huabiao was Fei Mu. It was set up by the emperor to show that he could accept and accept opinions, and gradually evolved into todays Huabiao. The monster at the top of it is called Hou. The one on the North China watch is called wangjunchu, which means to let the emperor go out

35、 of the palace to observe the peoples feelings. The one on the south end is called wangjungui, which means that the emperor should not be nostalgic for the world outside the Palace, but should go back to the palace in time to deal with government affairs.Now please turn back. Behind us is Tiananmen

36、Square. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, it was T-shaped, with a north-south royal road in the middle. On both sides of the royal road, there were Qianbu corridor, with 110 corridors on both sides. On the south side of Changan Street, with the red wall extending to the East and West, there were 34 co

37、rridors, so Qianbu corridor had 228 corridors. At the southernmost end of the imperial Road, damingmen was in the Ming Dynasty, but it was changed to daqingmen in the Qing Dynasty; The gates on the East and west sides are Changan left gate and Changan right gate, which are also called Longmen and Hu

38、men respectively. After the scientific examination, Huang Bang announced in the left gate of Changan that the Jinshi in the examination would enter the imperial city from here, so they are called Longmen. The reason for Humen is that after the frost falls every year, the imperial court has to examin

39、e the prisoners, and the prisoners who are examined and approved are taken out of the right gate of Changan, which is tantamount to falling into the palace Hukou is called Humen. These are all related to the five elements.In ancient China, there was a saying of wendongwuxi, so on the East and west s

40、ides of qianbulang is the location of Wufu Liubu. On the east side of the square, the area around the present history museum is basically the central civilian organs, while on the west side, that is, the area around the Great Hall of the people, are the five army governors office and the secret serv

41、ice royal guards. In order to facilitate these officials to enter the Imperial City, a north-south gate, donggongsheng gate and xigongsheng gate, were built outside Longmen Humen.Now we cant see the trace of that time. Instead, we have modern buildings with more historical significance and political

42、 characteristics.On the west side of the square is the Great Hall of the people. It started construction in October 1958 and lasted for one year. It was completed before the National Day in 1958, covering an area of 171800 square meters. The whole building is like a mountain. The highest point in th

43、e center is 46.5 meters, which is the highest building in Tiananmen Square. The great hall is divided into three parts: in the center is the auditorium of the ten thousand peoples Congress, with a total area of 36000 square meters and 10000 seats. There is a huge red five pointed star on the top of

44、the auditorium, giving off 70 to 70 rays of light. The decoration layout of the whole dome is not only magnificent, but also a symbol of the unity of the people around the Party Central Committee; in the north is the banquet hall, with a total area of more than 7000 square meters, which is the large

45、st banquet hall in China; In the south is the office building of the National Peoples Congress, which includes the conference halls of 37 provinces, autonomous regions, municipalities directly under the central government, such as Chongqing hall, Hong Kong hall, etc.In the northeast of the square is

46、 the Museum of the Chinese revolution, which was officially opened to the public on July 1, 61. The main exhibits are revolutionary materials since the May 4th movement, and the contents of the exhibits in the museum are extremely rich. Southeast of the square is the Chinese history museum. Its pred

47、ecessor is the Beijing History Museum. In 26, it was changed into the National History Museum. Four years later, it was changed into the Beiping History Museum of Academia Sinica. In April 34, it was changed into the Preparatory Office of the Central Museum and the Beiping History Museum. Its exhibi

48、ts cover more than 300000 pieces of cultural relics, coins, pictures, etc. with thousands of years of history from the slavery society of Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties to the end of Qing Dynasty.Facing the Tiananmen Gate Tower is the monument to the peoples heroes. According to the resolution of the

49、 first plenary session of the Chinese peoples Political Consultative Conference in September 49, the monument to the peoples heroes was built in Tiananmen Square. More than 240 design schemes were collected from the whole country, and three schemes were selected. Finally, it was decided that Liang Sichengs design scheme should be taken as the main one, and the other three schemes should be integrated. Thats what we see today. 52.8.1 was officially built, completed in 58.4 and ceremonio