英文写作方法.ppt

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1、英文写作enjoy your writing,高分作文的五大特性,1.条理性.段落完整.层次分明 2.准确性.语法准确.用词精当 3.流畅性.层次清晰.行文连贯 4.简洁.多样性.语言简洁.不重复 5.思想性.文章立意高.表达个人观点内容积极向上,英语写作方法六大原则,1.高级词汇原则 2.状语提前原则 3.短语优先原则 4.并列句.复合句和特殊句式 原则 5.长短句交替原则 6.短文分段分层原则,其他注意事项：,（1）字迹清楚，书写流利。（2）审题 认真，符合要求，文章观点明确。（3）句子既要生动，又要简明扼要。（4）尽量避免重复使用相同句型，词汇和短语,使用分词,Once it is he

2、ld,it will bring a lot of chances to Beijing and make it more prosperous and modern.,Once held,it will bring a lot of chances to Beijing,making it more prosperous and modern.,学会使用丰富的句式,使用定语从句,Many pollution problems can be more serious,and it can eventually do damage to our surroundings.,Many pollut

3、ion problems can be more serious,which can eventually do damage to our surroundings.,More visitors from all over the world will flood into China,which financially benefit Beijing.,Whats more,more people will be attracted to Beijing,which will contribute to the development of tourism to a great exten

4、t.,使用 with 结构,When the number of tourists is increasing,traffic will become more crowded.,With the number of tourists increasing,traffic will become more crowded.,With more and more visitors going to Beijing,tourism will be flourishing.,With everyone doing his bit,the game will be a great success.,使

5、用被动句,Measures should be taken to avoid the bad effect mentioned above.,Only in this way can we hold a successful Olympic Games.,使用倒装结构,二、学会使用较高级词汇,用词准确、得体是写作的前提，在此基础上使用高级词汇和短语，既可以体现出作者的语言驾驭能力，又有助于获得高分。,How to use advanced expressions,In my opinion,it is difficult to hold the Olympics.,In my opinion,

6、it is challenging to hold the Olympics.,It will have a great effect on the development of Beijing.,far-reaching profound significant,Tourism is becoming a booming industry with the development of the city.,China will enjoy a boom in economy.,促进 繁荣经济旅游发展,Some students see it as a good opportunity to

7、boost economy and accelerate the pace of the construction of our modern society.,Holding the Olympic Games will promote the development of economy,making the city more booming and modern.,“中国位于太平洋西岸，地大物博，历史悠久，面积960万平方公里”。,China lies on the west bank of the Pacific Ocean.It is very big and has a lot

8、of things.Its history is very long,and its area is 9.6 million square kilometers.,Practice to challenge yourself,China,which lies on the west of the Pacific Ocean,is rich in natural resources.It is a great country with a long history,covering an area of 9.6 million square kilometers.,China,a large c

9、ountry with a long history,lies on the west of the Pacific Ocean.It is abundant in natural resources,covering an area of 9.6 million square kilometers.,Replace the underlined expressions,Among all the people going to work,car drivers make up 18%.2.The Internet can help us finish many tasks.3.The lib

10、rary is important to us.4.One can only become a skilled one after many failures.5.Last year saw a more and more fierce competition in the job market.6.He tried to pass the exam,but failed.,complete,accomplish,fulfill,vital,essential,endless,countless,numerous,witnessed,attempted to,amount to,account

11、 for,get through,7.Some students dont value their money at all.,8.It is also essential that you get some skills for taking exams.,treasure,cherish,acquire,obtain,gain,9.It would take me a great deal of time,which would surely invite numerous inconveniences to me.,undoubtedly,unquestionably,10.More a

12、nd more people come to big cities,which causes serious housing problems.,flood into,crowd into,pour into,definitely,practice,随着家庭收入的增加，越来越多的人们能买起个人电脑，空调，手提电脑和数码相机等等。（新旧变化）With the family income raised,more and more people can afford to buy personal computers,air-conditioners,portable computers,digit

13、al cameras and so on.,.为了使得生态平衡,我们要保护野生动物.(新旧变化)In order to keep balance of nature,we should protect wild animals/wildlife.多达百分之四十的男孩喜欢在网上打游戏。(观点讨论)As many as 40 percent of the boys like playing games on line.,我写这封信,申请你们在报纸广告中招聘的职位。我认为我适合这工作。(求职)I write this letter,applying for the post you offered(

14、offered)on the ads in the newspaper.I think I am fit/suitable for this position.,.为了丰富学生的课外生活,学生会将组织一次邮票展览.(格式套用语)In order to enrich the students out-of-class life,the students union will held this stamp show.To enrich the students s out-of-class life,the students union will held the stamp show.,如果我

15、被接受,我一定会尽力干好工作.(人物介绍)If I am accepted,Ill surely try my every effort to do the job well.,过去，人们过着贫困而简单的生活。（新旧变化）4.In the past,people led/lived a poor and simple life.(They lived poorly and simply.),绝大部分的学生上网只是聊天,打游戏或者看电影。只有少数学生是我为了搜索信息或者国内外新闻.(观点讨论)Most of the students who are on net are just to have

16、 a chat,play games or see films.Only a few students on net are just to seek information or learn about news both at home and abroad.,最近，我在200个学生中作了一个关于他们未来工作的调查。其中一半是男生，一半是女生。（观点讨论）Recently,I have made a survey among 200 students about their future jobs.Half of them are boys and half of them are gir

17、ls.(I have surveyed among 200 students aboutHalf of them and the rest),随着中国经济的发展和中国的进入WTO，越来越多的轿车将进入普通家庭。With the development of the Chinese economy and Chinas entry into WTO,more and more cars will enter/go into ordinary families.,过渡词的使用,过渡词是一种关系指引词，一般由副词或起副词作用的短语承担。此外，代词、连词、上下文的近义词等也可作过渡词。过渡词犹如“桥梁

18、”，在文章中发挥着连接上下文的作用，学会恰当地运用过渡词会使文章结构紧凑，启、承、转、合，过渡自然，融会贯通，连成一体。,（1）表并列关系的过渡词：and,also，as well,as well as，or,too,not onlybut also,both and,either or,neithernor等。,（2）表递进关系的过渡词：besides,in addition（加之，除之外）,moreover(此外，而且),whats more，whats worse等。,（3）表转折对比的过渡词：but,however,yet,instead,on the other hand,on th

19、e contrary,although,different from,despite,in spite of,whereas,unlike,nevertheless,not onlybut also,herethere,years agotoday,thisthat,the formerthe latter,thennow,the first whereas the second,oncenow,on the one hand on the other hand,someothers等。,（4）表原因的过渡词：because,because of,since,as,for,now that,t

20、hanks to,due to（由于）,for this reason,owing to,as far as,considering that,seeing that等。,（5）表结果的过渡词：so,thus,therefore,as a result,so that,then,thereby,hence,sothat,suchthat,accordingly等。,（6）表条件的过渡词：if,unless,on condition that,as/so long as等。,（7）表时间的过渡词：when,while,after,before,until,as soon as,later,aft

21、erwards,soon,lately,recently,since,from then on,eventually,in the meantime,then,suddenly,at the same time,next,early this morning/year/century,after a while,in a few days,now,presently,finally,at last,all of a sudden,form now on,at present,immediately,the moment等。,（8）表特定的顺序关系的过渡词：first,firstly,secon

22、d,secondly,third,thirdly,above all,first of all,then,next,finally,in the end,at last,afterwards（后来）,meanwhile（几乎同时）,thereafter（在那以后）,last,finally,eventually（终于）等。,（9）表换一种方式表达的过渡词：in other words,that is to say,to put it another way等。,（10）表进行举例说明的过渡词：for instance,for example,take as an example,namely,

23、such as,like,in other words,that is to say,that is等。,（11）表陈述事实的过渡词：in fact,actually,as a matter of fact,to tell you the truth等。,（12）表强调的过渡词：certainly,indeed,above all,surely,most important,in fact,no doubt,without any doubt,truly,obviously,of course,actually,as a matter of fact,chiefly,especially,pr

24、imarily,in particular,undoubtedly,absolutely等。,（13）表比较、对比的过渡词：like,unlike,in the same way,similarly,be similar to,rather than,on the contrary,by contrast,one one hand,on the other hand,otherwise 等。,（14）表目的的过渡词：for this reason,for this purpose,so that,in order to,so as to等。,（15）表总结的过渡词：in a word(总之，简

25、言之),in general,in short(总之),above all,after all,generally speaking,to sum up,finally,in conclusion,to conclude,at last,in summary,on the whole等。,（16）表增补的过渡词：in addition,furthermore,again,also,besides,moreover,whats more,similarly,next,finally 等。,2、文章段落之间的逻辑关系主要由过渡词来完成，在修辞中称为启、承、转、合。“启”就是开头,“承”是承接，“转

26、”是转折，“合”是综合或总结。,（1）“启”。用于表示“启”的过渡词或过渡性的语句通常用在段落或文章的开头：,过渡词：first,first of all,at first,in the first place,firstly,to being with,to start with,recently,now,at present,in recent years,in general,generally speaking,at present,lately,currently,过渡句：It is often said that,As the proverb says,It goes withou

27、t saying that,It is clear/obvious that,Many people often ask,过渡词：second,similarly,in addition,besides,then,furthermore,moreover,what is more,what is worse,for example,for instance,certainly,surely,obviously,in other words,especially,particularly,in particular,indeed,still,third,truly,in fact,at the

28、same time,no doubt，,（2）“承”。表示“承”的过渡词或过渡性的语句通常用在段落中的第一个句中：,（2）“承”。表示“承”的过渡词或过渡性的语句通常用在段落中的第一个句中：,过渡句：It is true that,Everybody knows that,It can be easily proved that,No one can deny thatThe reason why is that,There is no doubt that,To takefor an example(instance),We know that,What is more serious is

29、 that,（3）“转”。用于“转”的过渡词或过渡性的语句通常用在段落中的第二个句中：,过渡词：but,however,on the other hand,on the contrary,in contrast,in any case,at any rate(无论如何),nevertheless(虽然如此),otherwise,or,or else,while,whereas,but,despite,in spite of.,yet,instead,过渡句：I do not believe that,Perhaps youll ask whyThis may be true,but we st

30、ill have a problem with regard to,Though we are in basic agreement with,yet differences will be found,Thats why i feel that,（4）“合”。用于“合”的过渡词或过渡性的语句通常用在段落的结论句或文章的结论段中：,过渡词：in a word,in general,in short,above all,after all,generally speaking，to sum up,finally,in conclusion,at last,in summary,therefore

31、,as a result,above all,thus，after all(毕竟),eventually,hence,in short,in conclusion,in a word,in sum(总之),on the whole(就整体而言),to sum up过渡句：From this point of view On account of this we can find that The result is dependent on Thus,this is the reason why we must,Assignment,假如你是一名大学生，对近年来大学毕业生就业情况颇有己见，请根

32、据下面提供的信息向报社写信谈谈你的看法。词数120-150。,Dear editor,Im writing to you to talk about taking up occupations for college graduates.Nowadays many graduates are looking forward to obtaining employment in big cities,not willing to work in the countryside.As a matter of fact,there are not enough,opportunities to sa

33、tisfy most of the hunters in big cities while in the countryside,talented people are badly needed and a lot of posts are waiting for us.Rural areas are a vast world,you can put your abilities to good use and youll be able to make greater contributions to the building of new countryside.Therefore,I believe we can have as bright a future in the country as we have in the city.,