初中英语状语从句精讲.ppt
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1、专题句型状语从句,考点揭密中考考点设置典型例题解析课时训练,考点揭密,在复合句中修饰主句中的动词、形容词或副词或句子,起状语作用的从句。由从属连词引导,从属连词在从句中不充当句子成分。状语从句可置主语之前,也可置主语之后。前置时,从句后用逗号与主句分开;后置时,与主句之间无标点符号。状语从句可分为时间、原因、目的、结果、条件、比较、地点、让步、方式等九类。,e.g.If you go to the party,you will have a good time.e.g.You will have a good time If you go to the party.,中考考点设置,1.时间状语
2、从句(1)引导词:when,while,as,before,after,as soon as,until/till,since.,e.g.Mother was cooking dinner when I reached home.(when“当的时候”),e.g.While the girl was shopping,the UFO landed.(While“当的时候”),e.g.Dont close the window before you go to bed.(before 在之前),e.g.As he was reading,he was listening to the radio
3、.(As“一边一边”),e.g.After I had done my homework,I went to bed.,e.g.The Greens has lived here since they came to China.(since 引导的时间壮 语从句若用一般过去时,主句则用现在完成时,时间壮语从句中若用一般将来时,从句 则用一般现在时表示将来,即遵循“主将 从现”的原则。,e.g.I will write to you as soon as I get to Beijing.,e.g.I will tell him when he comes back.,注意,e.g.I won
4、t go to bed until I finish my homework.,(3)not.until的同义句替换。notuntil在否定句中表示“直到才”,主句中的动词常用终止性动词,这时till/until可用before替换,till/until 在肯定句中表示“直到为止”主 句中动词用延续性动词 e.g.I waited till/until he arrived.(wait是一个延续性动词),e.g.I didnt leave until/till/before she came back.(leave是个短暂性动词),practice:,1.I will go to bed as
5、 soon as I _my homework.A.will finish B.finishing C.finish,C,4.I will not watch TV until I finish my homework.=I will not watch TV _ I finish My homework.,before,2.My sister _(read)her bookin the classroom when her teacher came in.,was reading,3.I my_(do)homework while my parents_(watch)TV last nigh
6、t.,was doing,were watching,(3)if.not与unless(=ifnot)及or的同义句转换。,(2)遵循“主将从现”的原则,(即主句若为一般将来时,从句用一般现在时代替将来。),2.条件状语从句(1)引导词:if,unless.,e.g.If I am free,I will call you.,e.g.If it doesnt rain,we will go for a walk.,unless是从属连词,它引导条件壮语从句,译作“除非否则的话”,e.g.You will be late for class unless you start right now.
7、除非你现在出发否则的话年上学就会迟到的。e.g.You will not succeed unless you work hard.,小结:“祈使句+or+一般将来时的陈述句”结构中,Or表示转折,译作“否则,不然的话”相当于一个否定的条件状语从句。相当于If you dont(cant),you will,例句.Study harder,or you will fail the exam.=If you dont study harder,you will fail the exam.=Unless you study harder,you will fail the exam.,例句.Hu
8、rry up,or you will be late.=If you dont hurry up,you will be late.=Unless you hurry up,you will be late.,practice:,1.If you _ to the party,you_ have a good time.,go,will,2.She _next Sunday if she_ busy.,will go shopping,wont be,3.Please hurry up,or you will miss the train.=_you _ hurry up,you will _
9、 the train.=_ you hurry up,you will miss the train.,4.Water the young trees as often as Possible,or they will die soon.=_you _ water the young trees as often as possible,they will die soon.=_ you water the young trees as often as possible,they will die soon.,If,dont,Unless,If,dont,Unless,miss,中考考点设置
10、,3.原因状语从句,(1)引导词:because,since,as.,(2)对because 原因状语提问用“why”。,(3)because 不能与so连用。,(4)because,since,as,for的区别:,Why are you standing here?-Because Im waiting for my uncle.,because 从句所表示的是对方不知道的直接的原因,因此在回答以why引导的特殊疑问句时只可用because,它引导的从句可以位于主句前或主句后.而as,since 引导的从句却不可;,例句:Li Hong didnt go to school yesterd
11、ay,because he was ill.,as从句所表示比较明显的原因和理由(由于,既然)这种原因一般是大家知道的,一般从句说明原因,主句说明结果。其从句位于主句之前,since用来表示比较勉强的理由和原或原由已为人们所知。,e.g.As the water was not deep,we were able to cross the river.(从句说明原因,主句说明结果),e.g.AS I knew he was ill,I didnt call him.,e.g.Since everybody is here,lets bigin the meeting(“大家都在这里”的原由已为
12、人们所知),e.g.Since you cant answer the question,(原由已为人们所知)Ill ask someone else.,for往往用于附加理由证明。所说的理由是一种补充说明。分句前常有逗号,其引导的分句不可放于句首。例句:Its spring now,for the flowers are out.,Practice:Why hasnt Mr.Li come to work today.-_he has gone to Beijing to have a meeting.A.If B.Until C.Though D.Because2.I decided to
13、 stop and have lunch,_ I was feeling quite hungry.Because of B.for C.As,D,B,3.Because he was ill,he didnt_ go to school.A.so B./,4.A.I stayed at home because of the weather was bad.()B.I stayed at home because the weather was bad.()C.I stayed at home because of the bad weather A(),A,F,T,T,中考考点设置,例句:
14、She is so great a father that we all like him.,4.目的状语和结果状语(1)目的状语从句引导词:so that从句中常用情态动词(can/could)E.g.Speak slowly so that we can understand you.(2)结果状语从句引导词:so+adj+that,such+n+that,so,+adj,+a,+n(名单),+that,例句:It is so red an apple that I want to eat it.,so,+adj,+an,+n(名单),+that,(3)so与such的区别,She is
15、such a great father that we all like him.,such,+a,+adj,+n(名单),+that,It is such an red apple that I want to eat it.,such,+an,+adj,+n(名单),+that,小结:so+adj+a/an+n(单数)+that such+a/an+adj+n(单数)+that,1.It is _small a room _it cant hold so many People.A.so that,B.suchthat=It is _ a small room _it cant hold
16、so many People.A.so that,B.suchthat,Practice:,A,B,2.He is _young a boy_ he cant carry the box.He is _ a young boy _ he cant carry the box.A.so that,A.suchthat,例句:It is such fine weather that people can go swimming.,such,+adj,+n(不可数),+that,例句:There are such beautiful flowers that we want to Pick it.,
17、such,+adj,+n(pl),+that,小结 such+adj+un/n(pl)+that,A,B,I have so little money that I cant buy the book.,We have so many friends that we feel happy.,We have so much homework that we tired.,小结:一般情况下,suchthat结构中用名词,但是,如果名词是用little,few,many,much等 修饰时,要用so来表示.“如此”so little(如此少)+u so few(如此少)+cn so many(如此多
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