C66x CorePac用户指南 中文版.docx
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1、C66x CorePac User s Guide概述中断控制器:DSPC66X提供了两种类型的信号同步服务:中断;异常;中断由于外部或者内部的硬件信号而提供使正常程序流重新定向的方法。异常也是如此,也通过重新定向程序流。但是异常通常和系统的错误条件有关。C66X可以接收12种可屏蔽/配己置中断,一种可屏蔽异常,和一种不可屏 蔽中断/异常。DSP也可以响应各种内部异常情况这些在C66X CPU和指令 集参考指南中都有记录。因为它们全都包含在DSP内部。C66X内核包括一个中断控制器,允许多达128个和DSP中断/异常有 关的系统事件。这128个系统事件可以直接连接到可屏蔽中断,或者组合 起来作
2、为中断或者异常。这些不同的路由选择允许的事件具有很大的灵活 性处理。在DSP中一个中断被标记,则一个错误事件也被标记,这时该中断的 标志就会被挂起。除了路由事件以外,当CPU丢失了一个中断,中断控 制器也会检测。在CPU丢失一个实时事件时,可以利用这个错误事件去 通知CPU。中断控制器的硬件设备会在一个寄存器中保存丢失中断的编号 以纠正CPU的行为。二、C66X内核中断控制器的目的C66X提供了大量的西永事件。中断控制器提供了一种方法选择必要的事 件,并将它们路由到相应的DSP中断和异常输入。虽然可以利用许多这样相同的系统事件去驱动其他外围设备,例如EDMA,但是C66X内核中断控制器是用来专
3、门管理DSP的。三、特点中断控制器将希同事件映射到DSP的中断和异常输入。中断控制器支持 128个系统事件。这128个系统事件作为输入进入中断控制器。它们包含内部产生的事件和 芯片级事件。事件的列表将在9.3节列举。另外,除了这128个事件,中 断控制器寄存器还能够接收不可屏蔽和复位事件,并且直接路由给DSP。 中断控制器从这些事件中输出各种信号到C66X DSP: 个可屏蔽、硬件异常(EXCEP)12个可屏蔽硬件中断(从INT4-INT1)个利用中断或者异常的不可屏蔽信号(NMI)个复位信号(RESET)中断控制器包括以下模块,以方便事件路由到中断和异常。1)中断选择器:路由任何系统事件到1
4、2个可屏蔽中断2)事件连接器:减少庞大的事件数目至四种3)异常连接器:让任何系统事件组合在一起作为单一的硬件异常输入四、系统功能图五、术语和定义在本章中特别重要的一条是:1)系统事件:为了通知DSP 一些已经发生的活动或者需要一个响应而 产生的以个内部或者外部的信号。2)中断:中断由于外部或者内部的硬件信号而提供使正常程序 流重新定向的方法。异常和中断类似,他们也重新定位程序流,但是异常通常和系统的错误状态 相关。Table A-l lists the general terms used throughout this document.Table A-1 List of General T
5、erms and DefinitionsTermDefinitionC66xGeneric name for the new C6000 DSP architecture.C66x DSPDesignates the DSP hardware (functional units and registers).C66x CorePacIncludes the C66x DSP plus all the supporting hardware for memory, bandwidth management, interrupt, memory protection, and power-down
6、 support.CFGExternal configuration space, includes the memory-mapped registers outside the C66x CorePac.EDCError Detection and Correction.EMCExternal Memory Controller.IDMAInternal DMA. It is a DMA engine that is local to the C66x CorePac. It allows transfer of data between memories local to the C66
7、x CorePac (L1P, L1D, L2) and the external configuration space.L1DGeneric name for the level 1 data memory. This term may refer to the memory itself or the memory controller.L1PGeneric name for the level 1 program memory. This term may refer to the memory itself or the memory controller.L2Generic nam
8、e for the level 2 memory. Thi s term may refer to the memory itself or the memory controller.MPAXMemory Protection and Address ExtensionMSMCMulticore Shared Memory ControllerXMCExtended Memory ControllerEnd of Table A-1Table B-1 lists the cache-related terms used throughout this document that relate
9、 to the C66x memory architecture.Table B-1 List of Cache-Related Terms and Definitions (Part 1 of 4)TermDefinitionAllocationThe process offlndlmg a location In the cache to store newly cached data. This process can intiude evicting data that is presently In the cache to make room for the new data.As
10、sociativityThe number of line frames in each set. This is specified as the number of ways in the cache.Capacity missA cache miss that occdrs because the cache does not have sufficient room to hold the entire working set for a program. Compare with compulsory missand conflict misiCleanA cache line th
11、at Invalid and that has not been written to by upper level a of memory or the DSP. The opposite state for a valid cache line Is dirty.CoherenceInformally, a memory system is coherent If any read of a data item returns the most recently written value of that data Item. This Includes accesses by the D
12、SP and the EDMA.Compulsory missSometimes referred to as a first-reference miss. A compulsory miss Isa cachemlss that muit occur because the data has had no prior opportunity to be allocated in the cache. Typically, compuliory misses for particular pieces of data occur on the first access of that dat
13、a. However, some cases can be considered compulsory even if they are not the first reference to the data. Such cases Include repeated write misses on the same location in a cache that does not write alhcete, and cache misses to non-cacheable locations. Compare with capacity miss and conflict miss.Co
14、nflict missA cache miss that occurs due to the limited associativity of a cache, rather than due to capacity constraints. A fully-aociative cache is able to allocate a newly cached line of data anywhere in the cache. Most caches have much more limited associativity (see set-associative cache), and i
15、o are restricted In where they may place data. This results In additional cache misses that a more flexible cache would not experience.Direct-mappedA direct-maped cache maps each address in the lower-level memory to a single location n the cache. Multiple locations may map to the ame location in the
16、 cache. This is Incontrast to a multi-way set-asiociative cacher which selects a place for the data from a set of locations In the cache. A direct-map ped cache can be considered a single-way set-associative cache.DirtyIn a writebackcacher writes that reach a given level in the memory hierarchy may
17、update that level, but not the levels below it Thus, when a cache line is valid and contains updates that have not been sent to the next lower llevel, that llneis said to be dirty. The opposite state fora valid cache line Is clean.DMADirect Memory Access. Typically, a DMA operation copies a block of
18、 memory from one range of addresses to another, or transfers data between a peripheral and memory. On the C66x DSP, DMA transfers are performed by the enhanced DMA (EDMA) engine. These DMA transfers occur in parallel to program execution. From a cache coherence standpoint EDM A accesses can be consi
19、dered accesses by a parallel procesior六、中断控制器的结构中断控制器设计来提供对系统事件的灵活的管理。这个功能是通过列出的 这一组寄存器实现的。这些寄存器在本章中具有涉及。在第9.5节中有详 细的说明。Table 9-1 Interrupt Controller RegistersRegisterDescriptionTypeEVTFLAG 3:0Event Flag Registers事件标志寄存器StatusEVTCLR 3:0Event Clear Registers事件清理寄存器CommandEVTSET 3:0Event Set Register
20、s事件设置寄存器CommandEVTMASK 3:0Event Mask RegistersControlMEVTFLAG 3:0Masked Event Flag RegistersStatusEXPMASK 3:0Exception Mask RegistersControlMEXPFLAG 3:0Masked Exception Flag RegistersStatusINTMUX 3:1Interrupt Mux RegistersControlAEGMUX1:0Advanced Event Generator Mux RegistersControlINTXSTATInterrupt
21、 Exception Status RegisterStatusINTXCLRInterrupt Exception Clear RegisterCommandINTDMASKDropped Interrupt Mask RegisterControl1)事件寄存器中断控制器包含一系列寄存器以管理由控制器收到的系统事件的状态。寄存器可按以下分租:1)事件标志寄存器(EVTFLAAGx)2)清理标志寄存器(EVTCLRx)3)设置标志寄存器(EVTSETx)事件标志寄存器捕捉所有被控制器接收到的系统事件。共有四个32 位寄存器覆盖124个系统事件输入。每个系统事件都会被映射到其中 一个事件标志寄
22、存器的一个特殊标志位(EFXX)上。通用的系统事件标志位结构如下图所示:Figure 9-2Event Flag Register Structure31302928272625242322212019181716EFEFEFEFEFEFEFEFEFEFEFEFEFEFEFEFR-0R-0R-0R-0R-0R-0R-0R-0R-0R-0R-0R-0R-0R-0R-0R-01514131211109876543210EFEFEFEFEFEFEFEFEFEFEFEFEFEFEFEFR-0R-0R-0R-0R-0R-0R-0R-0R-0R-0R-0R-0R-0R-0R-0R-0Legend: R =
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