隧道基底没类病害整治施工技术方案总结.doc
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1、forming the Government, enterprises and the public forces and actively participate in, sharing a strong atmosphere. Comrades, do work in the countryside and five water treatment, three to split, is related to overall development, responsibility, task, departments at all levels must play more than sp
2、irit, do solid work, and difficult, and efforts to promote the work to a new level, South Gate of XX beauty to make new and greater contribution to the building! Research by the County, the County Government, the convening of this county, three, poverty and development, environmental protection, the
3、 main task is to 2016-these work arrangements. For a while, . . Gay also made an important speech, we must pay special attention to follow-up. The following, according to the citys plans and . . Comrade usual requirements of our work, I want to tell you three views: the first, on three last year, my
4、 County three has made certain achievements. Capital work is done using city funds . . Billion yuan, annual tasks . .%; only completion target . . Minutes, annual tasks . . rate, access to city-wide recruitment talent introduction . . Award recognized scientific and technological achievements . . ,
5、Cooperation of . . Innovation platforms . . Also complete tasks in the city. The overall three column in the city . . Name, did not enter the city in recognition of the results of this. This means we and other counties than there is room to continue the efforts. From each town in the County Street,
6、allocusing on ways and means of improving and upgrading work, further development of three to split. (A) fully grasp no unauthorised created. The township no unauthorised created the existing building one household, one document survey and file storage work must be unconditional and full coverage. M
7、ain corridor leading to the town (road, river) village, the Central built-up area of the town on both sides must be to create a no unauthorised village. According to five hundred villages created and shanty towns, villages, old houses, reconstruction of old plant, expand create, upgrading creates fi
8、les, the real no unauthorised village created into the benefit of the people of very good thing. (B) to strictly manage count as unauthorised controls. Promoting the new control work to move the center of gravity, management measures to the front, and earnestly pipes effectively. A strict new unauth
9、orised network responsibility. Sectors such as land, housing and basic stations (stations) and the Township of grid accountability mechanisms must be strictly in accordance with the new regulatory requirements, effective implementation of the area of responsibility of the new inspections, suppressio
10、n, demolition work to ensure that the new zero tolerance. Second, public security, water, electricity, water, oceans and fisheries, tourism collaboration, market supervision departments should strictly enforce the illegal construction of disposal of relevant provisions of the regulations, effective
11、fulfilment of responsibilities, particularly in electricity and water supply, and other units may not be new illegal buildings to supply water and electricity supply. While more regulation to prevent personal privacy violations. Illicit trading in illegal construction in the Ministry of public secur
12、ity sector to strictly from the blow. Three is to create additional offence reporting system of incentives. According to building law and covers an area of nature, to report timely degree divided report grade, effective after the removal of certain incentives. (C) integrated implementation , buildin
13、g demolition, modification, use combination. Demolition is the means and purpose built is. To adhere to the building demolished, combination of construction and demolition waste, demolished with combined efforts to improve the scientific level of three to split; second, we must pay attention to thre
14、e to split and five hundred and five water treatment, three of the four sides, the shackDistrict transformation, and dangerous old room transformation and two road sides, series work organic combined up, active do River, and along demolition work, and manpower advance village in the, and old residen
15、tial demolition work, to improved masses housing conditions and live environment; three to put three modified a split as traditional low, and small, and bulk industry structure transformation upgrade of important initiatives to caught, speed up advance industry Park, effective optimization park envi
16、ronment隧道基底类病害整治施工技术方案总结1 引言隧道基底类病害按其所属线路的性质一般可分为既有线隧道基底病害和新建线隧道基底病害。既有线铁路隧道的基床病害主要指由于隧道基底病害和渗漏水等引起的道床下沉、开裂、翻浆冒泥等现象。基床病害容易导致线路几何状态难以保持,制约列车提速,危及行车安全,严重时甚至会造成列车在隧道内脱轨倾覆。新建线隧道基底病害则一般是指由于隧底存在软弱地层(淤泥层、粘土层、湿陷性黄土)等不良地质,造成隧底沉降超限而形成的病害,整治措施一般包括基底换填、小导管注浆和旋喷桩加固等。多年来,北京中铁瑞威基础工程有限公司一直与北方交大隧道中心及各铁路局在路内联合开展各类隧道病
17、害整治工作,致力于深入研究分析病害成因、优选整治方案、合理引用国外和自行研发新材料等方面的工作,成功完成了一批铁路隧道的病害整治项目,取得了满意的施工效果,得到了用户和管理部门的好评。2 既有线隧道基底病害整治施工技术方案2.1既有线隧道基底病害的主要成因基床病害的成因主要包括:当基底为软弱层(如风化的基岩、断层破碎带、超挖部分为浮碴填充层)时,由于其强度低、结构松散,容易被水浸泡软化或被水冲刷流失,列车动载的反复作用使基底泥水多沿边墙缝、人行道与道床的接缝或其它薄弱环节(如中心及侧水沟)等处涌向道床,形成翻浆冒泥,进而使基底局部淘空,造成道床断裂。另外,还有软岩膨胀底鼓等原因。2.2病害检测
18、在进行病害整治前,首先采取物探与现场原状土取样化验相结合的方法,确定病害成因,确定病害规模与分布范围。即采用地质雷达、电法等物探手段,查明基床的充泥充水、空穴等状况,再采用原状土取样化验查明填料的种类及孔隙率以及是否铺设垫层,为制定整治方案提供依据。这样做会使整治方案更具有针对性,从而有效保障整治效果。2.3病害整治方案通常,隧道基底和道床的病害整治可视病害程度和具体情况采用加设有效的地下水排导系统、道床翻修、换填、置换、道床基底注浆等措施。中铁瑞威公司针对此类病害采取的整治方法主要有以下两种:1、锚桩+注浆加固法,主要针对病害较为严重的路段;2、T浆液+化学浆的组合注浆法,一般针对病害相对较
19、轻的路段。2.3.1 锚桩+注浆加固法(以大瑶山隧道病害整治项目为例)这是一种采用聚合物砼灌注锚桩加固和封闭水沟墙及与基底灌浆相结合的方法,使断裂和“吊空”被锚固、充填,通过沟墙封闭将灌浆区段与水隔绝,确保灌浆质量,然后在封闭的灌浆区段进行基底灌浆,从而达到基底完全固结填实的目的。图1 锚桩平面布置示意图图2 锚固桩立面布置示意图 图3 道床基底注浆示意图2.3.1.1 锚桩设计l 桩径d:取决于钻机成孔直径,一般取d=120150mm;l 桩长L:L=道床厚度+铺底厚度+嵌岩深度(0.25m);l 桩间距a:按承载力计算结果,同时满足a3d,并采用错位梅花排列;l PMC聚合物混凝土:灌桩材
20、料性能具有在1m/s的涌水冲刷下不离散、30分钟抗压强度8MPa,抗折强度在6MPa,耐冲击性好的特性。由于材料的粘接特性较好,大幅提高了桩身的侧摩阻力。2.3.1.2 注浆设计专用于隧道基底和道床病害整治的灌浆料符合以下几点要求:30分钟的抗压强度8MPa;可操作时间(用于灌浆操作的时间)介于1012分钟之间;浆液粘度小(10分钟的净浆流动度250mm),可灌性好。试验工程检验和正式施工使用均证明,加固型TGRM水泥基特种灌浆料可满足基床病害的整治要求,其突出特点是:在小水灰比(w/c=0.37)的情况下,浆液流动性好,直至初凝前12分钟流动性仍保持稳定;初、终凝间隔时间短,只有23分钟,从
21、而在保证灌浆后有30分钟限定时间的同时,为可操作时间留出了1012分钟的时间,也为终凝后的强度快速达到8MPa/30分钟以上提供了保证。2.3.1.3 施工工艺(1)钻孔灌注锚桩主要利用其抗压强度强度高的优势支撑“吊空”,以群桩承载方式传递列车荷载至基岩,达到稳定基床、消除轨道状态变化的目的。施工工序为:钻孔清孔放钢筋笼支模板灌注砼捣固。 钻孔采用小型工程钻机120mm金刚石岩芯钻头,孔位中心点距水沟墙边16cm,钻至基岩下2025cm。 清孔采用风水联合法,将风压机的风管伸入已成孔的锚桩孔内将孔内的沉渣吹起,再用钳式或铲式清孔器将风压吹不起来的大块岩芯取出,并压水冲洗,以保证施工质量。 支模
22、板是针对病害“吊空”严重地段,即成孔后发现锚桩孔与中、侧沟相串通,通过支模板避免灌注锚桩的砼沿“吊空”流失。在灌注砼时进行有效的捣固,尽量使砼在锚桩孔底端向周边“吊空”位置扩散,并保证填充密实。(2)沟墙封闭施工沟墙封闭施工分为中沟墙封闭和边沟墙、沟底封闭。因中心水沟中水的流量较水,中沟封闭需使用PMC聚合物砼;边沟窄而浅,且存在着“烂底”破损现象,列车通过时有“抽吸”现象,故采用TGRM混凝土和聚合物混凝土凿补结合的方法进行处理,对无“抽吸”现象而比较稳定的边沟,可以采用普通525#水泥制备的混凝土对“烂底”进行铺底处理。沟墙封闭的施工工序为:清理沟墙(清沟、洗刷、凿毛)支模板灌注混凝土捣固
23、拆模。 中沟大量的淤泥、砂、石彻底清理干净后,再用钢丝刷洗刷沟墙,对沟墙凿毛,使“吊空”充分暴露,以保证灌注时填满“吊空”位置。 考虑到病害的严重程度存在差异,病害严重处吊空深度达90cm,为使PMC聚合物砼能够更有效地进入吊空位置,施工中采用两次支模的方法,即先在沟底以上2030cm高立模一次,将“吊空”部分填满后再进行第二次立模加高,这样即保证了“吊空”部位充分填满,又达到了堵浆的目的。灌注捣固同锚桩。(3)基底灌浆基底灌浆采用TGRM水泥基特种灌注料。施工工序为:钻孔冲孔灌浆补浆。 布孔:布孔的原则是先疏后密,中间插孔,依据施工经验,在每一整治段的中、边沟每隔3米布孔一个,布置在挡碴墙外
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