r临海高等级公路发Z1标沉降观测方案.doc

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1、forming the Government, enterprises and the public forces and actively participate in, sharing a strong atmosphere. Comrades, do work in the countryside and five water treatment, three to split, is related to overall development, responsibility, task, departments at all levels must play more than sp

2、irit, do solid work, and difficult, and efforts to promote the work to a new level, South Gate of XX beauty to make new and greater contribution to the building! Research by the County, the County Government, the convening of this county, three, poverty and development, environmental protection, the

3、 main task is to 2016-these work arrangements. For a while, . . Gay also made an important speech, we must pay special attention to follow-up. The following, according to the citys plans and . . Comrade usual requirements of our work, I want to tell you three views: the first, on three last year, my

4、 County three has made certain achievements. Capital work is done using city funds . . Billion yuan, annual tasks . .%; only completion target . . Minutes, annual tasks . . rate, access to city-wide recruitment talent introduction . . Award recognized scientific and technological achievements . . ,

5、Cooperation of . . Innovation platforms . . Also complete tasks in the city. The overall three column in the city . . Name, did not enter the city in recognition of the results of this. This means we and other counties than there is room to continue the efforts. From each town in the County Street,

6、allocusing on ways and means of improving and upgrading work, further development of three to split. (A) fully grasp no unauthorised created. The township no unauthorised created the existing building one household, one document survey and file storage work must be unconditional and full coverage. M

7、ain corridor leading to the town (road, river) village, the Central built-up area of the town on both sides must be to create a no unauthorised village. According to five hundred villages created and shanty towns, villages, old houses, reconstruction of old plant, expand create, upgrading creates fi

8、les, the real no unauthorised village created into the benefit of the people of very good thing. (B) to strictly manage count as unauthorised controls. Promoting the new control work to move the center of gravity, management measures to the front, and earnestly pipes effectively. A strict new unauth

9、orised network responsibility. Sectors such as land, housing and basic stations (stations) and the Township of grid accountability mechanisms must be strictly in accordance with the new regulatory requirements, effective implementation of the area of responsibility of the new inspections, suppressio

10、n, demolition work to ensure that the new zero tolerance. Second, public security, water, electricity, water, oceans and fisheries, tourism collaboration, market supervision departments should strictly enforce the illegal construction of disposal of relevant provisions of the regulations, effective

11、fulfilment of responsibilities, particularly in electricity and water supply, and other units may not be new illegal buildings to supply water and electricity supply. While more regulation to prevent personal privacy violations. Illicit trading in illegal construction in the Ministry of public secur

12、ity sector to strictly from the blow. Three is to create additional offence reporting system of incentives. According to building law and covers an area of nature, to report timely degree divided report grade, effective after the removal of certain incentives. (C) integrated implementation , buildin

13、g demolition, modification, use combination. Demolition is the means and purpose built is. To adhere to the building demolished, combination of construction and demolition waste, demolished with combined efforts to improve the scientific level of three to split; second, we must pay attention to thre

14、e to split and five hundred and five water treatment, three of the four sides, the shackDistrict transformation, and dangerous old room transformation and two road sides, series work organic combined up, active do River, and along demolition work, and manpower advance village in the, and old residen

15、tial demolition work, to improved masses housing conditions and live environment; three to put three modified a split as traditional low, and small, and bulk industry structure transformation upgrade of important initiatives to caught, speed up advance industry Park, effective optimization park envi

16、ronment临海高等级公路通州段路基桥梁施工LHTZ-LQ1合同段沉降观测方案编制：审核：批准：无锡市交通工程有限公司临海高等级公路通州段路基桥梁施工LHTZ-LQ1合同段项目经理部2011年11月9日临海高等级公路LHTZLQ1标沉降观测方案一、工程概况 临海高等级公路通州段路桥1标起点位于如东市与通州区交界处（遥望港），路线向南从一线海堤以西、环本农场以东穿越，向南利用现状S221进行拓宽改造，继续向南跨越新中港河，终点与通州段路桥2标相接。起点桩号K79+119.18，终点桩号K85+099.46，全长5.98公里。该项目作为串联沿海港口、产业园区、城镇结点的重要通道，对提升沿海地区公

17、路覆盖水平和等级标准，有力支撑临港产业、滩涂开发及生态园区建设有了非常重要的意义。本段桥梁共三座，分别为遥望港大桥、新中港桥、小桥，各桥头段及桥头过渡段均需要堆载预压，沉降量较大。二、沉降观测方案制定依据工程测量规范（GB50026 2007）建筑物变形测量规范（JGJ8 2007）岩土工程观测规范（YS5229 96）公路路基设计规范（JTG D30 2004）公路路基施工技术规范（JTG F10 2006）设计图纸三、沉降观测原则根据省市临海办的沉降观测指导意见，施工沉降观测的基本原则是及时、准确、全面反映路基及构造物的沉降和水平位移情况。通过系统连续完整的观测数据，分析路堤的沉降量，掌握

18、控制路堤的稳定性。为此，本项目部根据省市临海办的沉降观测指导意见制订如下原则：（1）在本合同段内布置的观测点要能比较准确地反映出深厚软土层的变形规律，以便指导施工；（2）应根据填土高度的变化布置不同的观测内容，对高填方路段进行重点观测；（3）应重视道路沿线结构物附近的变形，特别是桥头段、桥头过渡段、涵洞等位置要重点观测；（4）观测工作必须认真负责、确保观测精度，做到资料真实、连续、完整。 四、观测项目与内容（一）观测内容现场观测的内容包括地表沉降、地表水平位移及隆起、地下土体深层水平位移具体见表1。表1沉降和稳定性动态观测内容观测项目传感器或观测材料观测仪器观测目的备注地表沉降沉降板水准仪根据

19、测定数据调整填土速率；预测沉降趋势，确定预压卸载时间和结构物及路面施工时间；提供施工期间沉降土方量的计算依据。沿线地表水平位移及隆起边桩全站仪观测地表水平及隆起情况，以确保路堤施工的安全和稳定。高填方路段/河塘段/临河段地下土体深层水平位移测斜管测斜仪用作掌握深层位移量，推定土体剪切破坏的位置。必要时采用。河塘段采用、临河段（二）观测断面类型观测点设在观测数据容易反馈的部位：地质条件差、地形变化大的部位均应设置观测点，桥头纵向坡脚、填挖交界的填方段、沿河、临空等特殊路段酌情增设观测点；根据施工图和不同路段情况，合理设置观测断面，桥头和过渡路段设23个观测断面；沿河、临河、河塘等临空面大且稳定性

20、差的路段，必要时应进行地基土体内部水平位移的观测；测点的设置不仅要根据设计的要求，同时还应针对施工中掌握的地质、地形等情况增设。仪器、仪表的布设数量和位置应符合表2的规定。表2 仪表设定要求序号仪表名称埋设要求1沉降板埋设在路堤左、右路肩和路中心下原地面上2水平位移边桩在路堤两侧趾部、边沟外缘处设置多点3地下水平位移标（测斜管）埋至软土层地下相对硬土层中，沿测斜导管自下而上间隔50cm观测一次本合同段内观测断面类型具体可分为以下四种： （1）观测断面1观测断面1为一般的观测断面，适应于路堤填土高度在1m以下、软土层厚度较薄、路段中无结构物的情况，主要在路堤中心布置一个沉降标，如图1所示。路中沉

21、降标图1 观测断面1 （2）观测断面2观测断面2为一般的观测断面，适应于路堤填土高度在3m以下、软土层厚度较薄、路段中无结构物的情况，主要在路堤中心和两侧布置三个沉降标，如图2所示。路中沉降标路肩沉降标路肩沉降标图2 观测断面2 （3）观测断面3当填土高度较高时，需观测路堤边坡外地表的水平位移和隆起情况，除了在路堤中布置沉降标之外，还需在路堤边坡外布置边桩，如图3所示。对于每个边桩点，一般在坡脚以外110m范围内设置 34 个位移边桩。路中沉降标路肩沉降标路肩沉降标边桩边桩 图3 观测断面3（4）观测断面4在填土较高的桥头段和桥头过渡段，建议布置观测的全断面，包括：表面沉降及水平位移、深层水平

22、位移、孔隙水压力、深层沉降，若采用复合地基法，还包括土压力的观测。观测断面见图1。对于每个分层沉降孔，一般每隔2m埋设一沉降环，埋设的深度根据填土高度和软土层厚度及采用的地基处理方法而定。路中沉降标路肩沉降标路肩沉降标测斜孔压测斜深层沉降边桩边桩图4 观测断面4五、仪器的埋设方法和观测要求（一）表面沉降观测地层表面沉降观测采用沉降板形式。 1、沉降板埋设方法（1）在观测点地面平铺20cm厚的黄沙，整平压实；（2）将沉降板平放在沙内，保证板面水平，并回填砂整平压实，沉降板底座采用600 mm600 mm10 mm的A3钢板，沉降管外套70 mm保护钢管，钢管用套丝接长；（3）将套管垂直套进沉降板

23、竖杆上，随填土加高，测杆和套管相应接高，每节长度不宜超过50cm；接高后的测杆顶面应略高于套管上口，套管上口应加盖封住管口，避免填料落入管内而影响测杆下沉自由度，盖顶高出碾压面高度不宜大于50cm；（4）用水准仪连续数日观测杆的高程，确定初始高程；（5）施工过程中严格保护测杆标，以保证测杆标竖直。沉降观测板的每段接管的顶面应有相邻两期的观测标高。观测时，第一段接管埋好后，随即连续几天测量管顶标高，作为第一期观测值。待填筑一层土后，在原管顶测量标高，作为第二期观测值。随即接上第二段接管，观测管顶标高。这样循环逐节升高，计算出每期观测的沉降量。 2、沉降板的观测路堤填筑期、预压期、路面结构层施工期

24、均按二等水准要求测量。根据设计和规范要求，观测仪器采用高精度水准仪，测量时的标尺采用铟钢尺。观测精度小于1mm。水准仪各部分转动应灵活，望远镜制动、微动螺旋作用可靠，微调镜运用及目镜调节不能有明显的晃动现象。沉降观测参照国家一、二等水准测量规范(GB12897-2006)二等技术要求精度进行。每次测量前，仪器i角均进行严格检查，在观测中，前后视距尽量相等，同时视距不得超过50m，视线最低高度大于30cm。水准点与沉降点之间一般直接观测，最多可转一次，转点时必须用尺垫。每次观测的水准测量应闭合且观测路线基本相同。2.1路基填筑期的沉降观测施工期间，施工单位应按设计要求进行沉降和稳定的跟踪观测，观

25、测频率应与沉降、稳定的变形速率相适应，每填筑一层应观测一次，如果两次填筑间隔时间较长，每3天至少观测一次；填筑结束后为36天一次，沉降稳定后每1530天一次。填筑期稳定观测控制标准为沉降小于 10mm/d或侧向位移量小于5mm/d，观测过程中，应及时整理分析观测资料，避免误测，也可以及时补测。在观测过程中，要注意避免损坏沉降杆，一旦损坏，应及时修补，以保证观测数据连续、准确、可靠。 2.2预压期观测（1）控制标准与观测96区填筑结束后，进入预压期。预压期是指堆载、等载或超载的预压土方填筑完毕，直至路基变形达到稳定标准，可进行下一道工序，即路面结构层施工。该期间一般为36个月，或更长。预压期及路

26、面施工期的观测精度要求较高，预压期后期（沉降速率降低到10 mm/月时以下时）的观测精度为31 mm，按二等水准要求进行。预压期的稳定标准视观测的月沉降速率而定，当连续两个月的月沉降速率小于等于5 mm/月时，可进行底基层和护坡的施工。预压期开始前，桥梁工程基本结束时，应适时将地面水准点转到桥上，桥上水准点的设置，编号及观测同上。 预压期第一个月，每3天观测一次；第二个月至第三个月，每7天观测一次；以后每半月观测一次，直到铺筑路面前。等载预压土方高度，一般根据设计路堤高度而定。若第12次观测的月沉降速率较大（大于35 cm/月），则应考虑超载预压；超载预压土方高度由设计确定，预压路段长度不应少

27、于50 m，同时预压填土应有80%的压实度，并应保持预压土方顶面的平整。为便于挖点，每个测点的管顶应接到压实面以下520 cm，即管顶不超过土面。等载段测点应在96层面（路床顶面）以下520 cm；超载段测点应在等、超载压实面以下520cm。在预压期观测前，要检查等超载路段，各测管管顶是否到位。 预压期观测用的水准点，大部分是桥背墙角水准点，向两端（北向和南向）各控制500 m范围内的沉降观测点，组成支水准路线（一般为一个转点组成二个测站），若超过二个测站，应进行往返观测。如观测断面有左、右观测点，可当作中视点观测。观测前绘制好观测略图，在图上设计好固定的测站位置及转点、中视点等。当无桥背墙角

28、水准点时，则与路堤填筑期一样，用原地面水准点观测。当确认等超载预压路段沉降达到稳定标准，必须由省市临海办下文，方可卸载。在卸载前应观测一次，观测后挖出沉降板的管杆，按卸载厚度拆除相应的杆长。卸载完成后，对保留在96层面下的管顶再观测一次。 （2）沉降观测工作的交接从96区到预压期观测结束时，项目部撤走前必须履行与路面施工单位的交接手续，明确接收单位及负责人员；进行现场交点，绘好点位图；所有观测资料逐一交清。（3）资料整理预压期观测，同样提交月简报，并对预压过程中出现的异常情况，及时提交临时报告。预压结束后，提交预压阶段变形观测分报告。3 沉降板的保护观测数据的连续性是靠沉降板的连续为基础的，因

29、此要特别注意沉降管的保护工作。项目部将做好交底工作，要求各施工队的机械设备不得碰撞沉降管。4 沉降控制标准（1）沉降观测各阶段的稳定标准为根据路堤填土速率满足地基土抗剪强度增长的要求，结合现场观测数据确定。（2）路基填筑施工期间，一般路段沉降不大于10mm/d，桥头构造物沉降不大于5mm/d；水平位移不大于5mm/d；上预压土时，一般路段沉降可适当放大（沉降不大于15mm/d）。（3）预压沉降速率不大于10mm/月时，宜进行桥头转桩工作。（4）超载预压时，连续两个月沉降速率不大于8mm/月可卸载。（二）地表水平位移及隆起观测地基的稳定性可通过观测地表边桩的水平位移和地表隆起量而获知。路段填土较

30、高时，一般路段沿纵向每100200m设置一个观测断面；桥头路段应设置 23 个观测断面；桥头纵向坡脚、填挖交界的填方端、沿河等特殊路段增设观测点。 1、边桩埋设方法位移观测边桩，根据需要埋设在路堤两侧坡脚或坡脚以外 35m 处，并结合稳定分析，在预测可能的滑裂面与地面的切面位置布设测点，一般在坡脚以外110m范围内设置 24 个位移边桩。同一观测断面的边桩埋在同一横轴线上。边桩采用钢筋混凝土预制，长度不小于1.5m，断面采用正方形，其边长15cm，并在桩顶预埋不易磨损的测头。边桩应埋置稳固，其埋置深度以地表以下不小于1.2m为宜，桩顶露出地面的高度不大于10cm。可采用开挖方法埋设，桩周围回填

31、密实，桩周上部50cm用混凝土浇筑固定，确保边桩埋置稳固。2、边桩观测采用全站仪进行观测，测距精度5mm，测角精度2。当地势平坦、通视条件较好时，水平位移观测采用视准线法，水网地区以采用单三角前方交会法观测。地表隆起采用高程观测法。施工期间，施工单位应按设计要求进行稳定的跟踪观测，观测频率应与沉降、稳定的变形速率相适应，每填筑一层应观测一次；如果两次填筑间隔时间较长，每3天至少观测一次。路堤填筑完成后，堆载预压期间观测应视地基稳定情况而定，半月或每月观测一次，直至预压期结束。填筑期稳定观测控制标准为侧向位移量小于5mm/d，观测过程中，应及时整理分析观测资料，避免误测，也可以及时补测。观测过程

32、中，应及时整理分析观测资料，避免误测，也可以及时补测。3、边桩的保护边桩的埋设位置应不受到周围的施工机械的影响，校核基点四周必须采用保护措施，并定期与工作基点桩校核。4、成果整理及阶段报告内容（1）按总体要求对各测次资料的可靠性进行分析，矫正误差，剔除人为异常；（2）整理边桩各测点水平位移和高程随时间的变化过程实测曲线。六、数据整理与资料分析（一）观测资料汇总及应用按总体设计要求对各测次资料的可靠性进行分析，矫正误差，剔除人为异常。观测资料分现场原始数据记录表、记录汇总表和观测成果表三种形式，原始记录采用统一格式，即时计算、校核，然后输入电脑汇总，并整理分析，发现问题及时复查或复测并处理。当计

33、算沉降和水平位移速率超过控制标准时，立即进行动态跟踪观测，分析原因，并提出暂缓或停止施工等措施，各观测项目绘制成成果曲线图表，成果内容见表3。表3 各观测项目成果图标内容成果内容沉降位移边桩汇总表内容沉降观测成果表（包括荷载、本次、累积沉降量、沉降速率）位移边桩观测成果表（包括水平向位移量、位移速率）图件内容荷载沉降时间关系曲线荷载时间水平位移曲线图（二）成果报告填筑施工过程中各项观测同步进行，及时整理观测数据，编制各种图表及绘制曲线图，反应施工及填筑过程指标的变化，及时反馈观测信息，以起到动态指导施工的目的，观测成果报告主要分即时报告、周简报、月简报、阶段性报告（路基填筑期、预压期）及总报告

34、。 1、即时报告施工单位根据观测得到的各项数据，及时整理分析，观测数据超标或现场巡查发现稳定隐患的路段，立即通告暂停施工，并上报业主、监理单位。2、周简报路基填筑过程中，每周向通州区临海办、第三方观测机构、南通市临海办提交一份简报，周报的主要内容包括：（1）本周填筑及施工情况；（2）观测情况汇报（沉降、位移边桩观测情况）；（3）观测分析判断结果及结论。 3、月简报路基填筑过程中，每个月提供一次分析简报，月报的主要内容包括：（1）本月填筑及施工情况；（2）观测情况汇报（沉降、位移边桩观测情况）；（3）观测分析判断结果及结论；（4）存在的问题及下一阶段工作内容。附件包括：（5）软基路段沉降观测汇总

35、表；（6）荷载沉降时间关系曲线图；（7）荷载位移观测时间曲线图；月简报将本月观测台帐、观测成果、分析判断结果及存在的问题等情况上报通州区临海办和市临海办。并根据上级部门的要求及时提供相关分析报告。 （三）总结报告观测接近尾声时，分析观测全过程的数据，预测观测断面的工后沉降量，提出卸载及路面铺筑时间的建议及编写监控工作分析总结报告。 LHTZ-LQ1合同段沉降观测断面布设内容表（附表1）序号桩号观测方案路段观测说明1K79+600.22断面4遥望港桥头段沉降标3个、边桩2点、测斜孔2孔、孔压1孔、深沉1孔2K79+650断面4遥望港桥头段沉降标3个、边桩2点、测斜孔2孔、孔压1孔、深沉1孔3K7

36、9+690断面4鱼塘沉降标3个、边桩2点、测斜孔2孔、孔压1孔、深沉1孔4K79+740断面4鱼塘沉降标3个、边桩2点、测斜孔2孔、孔压1孔、深沉1孔5K80+710断面2一般路段沉降标3个6K80+810断面2一般路段沉降标3个7K80+910断面2一般路段沉降标3个8K81+010断面2一般路段沉降标3个9K81+060断面2一般路段沉降标3个10K81+430断面1一般路段沉降标1个11K81+530断面1一般路段沉降标1个12K81+630断面1一般路段沉降标1个13K81+730断面1一般路段沉降标1个14K83+895断面3桥头过度段沉降标3个、边桩2点15K83+940.44断面

37、3桥头段沉降标3个、边桩2点16K83+990断面3两桥之间沉降标3个、边桩2点17K84+040断面3两桥之间沉降标3个、边桩2点18K84+080断面3桥头段沉降标3个、边桩2点19K84+125断面3桥头过渡段沉降标3个、边桩2点forming the Government, enterprises and the public forces and actively participate in, sharing a strong atmosphere. Comrades, do work in the countryside and five water treatment, thr

38、ee to split, is related to overall development, responsibility, task, departments at all levels must play more than spirit, do solid work, and difficult, and efforts to promote the work to a new level, South Gate of XX beauty to make new and greater contribution to the building! Research by the Coun

39、ty, the County Government, the convening of this county, three, poverty and development, environmental protection, the main task is to 2016-these work arrangements. For a while, . . Gay also made an important speech, we must pay special attention to follow-up. The following, according to the citys p

40、lans and . . Comrade usual requirements of our work, I want to tell you three views: the first, on three last year, my County three has made certain achievements. Capital work is done using city funds . . Billion yuan, annual tasks . .%; only completion target . . Minutes, annual tasks . . rate, acc

41、ess to city-wide recruitment talent introduction . . Award recognized scientific and technological achievements . . , Cooperation of . . Innovation platforms . . Also complete tasks in the city. The overall three column in the city . . Name, did not enter the city in recognition of the results of th

42、is. This means we and other counties than there is room to continue the efforts. From each town in the County Street, alland improve idle land of utilization, real achieved environment improved and productivity development mutual promoting total win. Five, firmly implement, promoting work ahead, to

43、create highlights. Third deployment, implementation of seven, then it is imperative to strengthen responsibility and improve the mechanisms and implementation. All localities and departments must be convinced that goals, going all out, mustering spirit, work together to ensure that this years object

44、ives carry out tasks, at the forefront. First, we must strengthen the leadership to implement. Departments at all levels should always work and rural five water treatment, three to split in an important position, and carry the main responsibility, main leader personally, leaders arrested and layers

45、of responsibility rank transmission pressure established hierarchical accountability, and work together to promote the work of the mechanism, a concerted effort pay attention to implementation. County nongban, flood, three to one down to further play a leading catch total, integrated and coordinated

46、 role of all kinds is long, Sheriff Inspector to effectively fulfill their responsibilities, formed the alignment on the fire line and management a lively situation. Second, we must strengthen the test implementation of the Governor. Role play the Governor got the baton, for agricultural and rural focus and five water treatment, three to split work, refine improve assessment methods and evaluation system, accurate assessment. Combin