x6、施工缝、变形缝防水施工作业指导书.doc

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1、Last week, our economic work Conference held today, held the Countys rural areas for work and five water treatment, three to split Conference, which this year was a matter of Thirteen-Five important meeting of our Countys economic and social development. The main task of the meeting was, on rural wo

2、rk and conscientiously implement the Central, provincial and municipal five water treatment, three to split series of important conferences, learn from the past, study deployment priority tasks this year. Just now, the XXX Deputy head and Deputy County magistrate, respectively, on the work of the XX

3、 was fully deployed, and put forward specific measures and requirements about is in place. County Environmental Protection Bureau, the XX town, town of XX 3 units for a position statement, resounding, demonstrated determination and confidence. Conference also recognition has advanced representative,

4、 this, I also representative County, and County Government, to by recognition of advanced said warm of congratulated! to rural, and water and three modified a split front General cadres workers extend sincere of greeting! following, I again told five points views: a, and deepening awareness, further

5、 enhanced work of sense and urgency since party of 18 session v plenary proposed has innovation, and coordination, and green, and open, and shared five big development concept Hou, rural and environment governance work can said was upgrade to has more high of strategy level, is Thirteen-Five build w

6、ell-off a top priority task. XX, County besides lingxi, Longgang, jinxiang, the Treasury, the hills, several industrial town outside the city centre, is basically belong to other rural areas, area, the vast rural population. Same time, the current and coming period, is the County into a crucial peri

7、od of the South Gate of XX beautiful, environmental regulation directly affects the effectiveness of the strategic objectives can not be achieved. Therefore, the focus on rural work and five water treatment, three to split, the XX economic and social development has an important role. Last year, thr

8、ough the joint efforts of the County, reform of the agricultural and rural development has made great progress in our County, environmental remediation and achieved initial results. Three agriculture agricultural modernization level continues to increase, new 4-level modern agriculture Park, release

9、d 20 agricultural leading enterprises above the county level, the County area of 200 acres of land more than eco-leisure, investments of more than 5 million Yuan reached more than more than 100 agricultural projects. Rural development has improved continuously, boutique line 1 completed the beautifu

10、l countryside, fine village 17, beautiful rural development conference was held in lingxi peach Lake in the city. Promote comprehensive rural reform, included in the provinces building three in one system of farmers cooperative economic organization first promoting the County. Improvement of farmers

11、新建铁路武汉至广州客运专线乌龙泉至花都段站前工程第标段第七单元 隧道施工作业指导书新建铁路武汉至广州客运专线乌龙泉至花都段第标段施工缝、变形缝防水施工作业指导书编 制 人： 审 核 人：技术负责人：单位负责人：中铁五局武广客运专线XXTJIV标项目经理部工程部二00六年十月 湖南郴州目 录一、适用条件、范围2二、施工缝、变形缝的止水原理2三、施工缝、变形缝防水3四、止水带材质要求8六、止水条施工及要求11施工缝、变形缝防水施工作业指导书一、适用条件、范围施工及变形缝是隧道防排水的薄弱环节，施工缝分为环向及纵向两种。采用封闭式防水段的环向施工缝（拱墙、仰拱）从外至内分别设置防水板，中埋排水管及中

12、埋止水带等多重防水措施。一般地段拱墙环向施工缝设置中埋式排水管及中埋止水带等防排水设施，仰拱环向施工缝设置中埋式止水带防水。纵向施工缝主要采用涂刷混凝土界面剂及遇水膨胀橡胶止水条防水措施。沉降缝拱墙部位防水采用中埋止水带，沥青木丝板塞缝，聚硫密封胶（内侧设置排水槽引排渗入水）等措施，沉降缝仰拱部位采用中埋止水带，沥青木丝板塞缝并环向设置双层抗剪钢筋的措施，以减小沉降缝两边的不均匀沉降。二、施工缝、变形缝的止水原理二缝（施工缝、变形缝）是混凝土与混凝土界面之间的缝隙，在混凝土界面嵌入止水材料时，止水材料和混凝土之间同时也形成了新的界面（缝隙），因此，二缝的止水都是界面缝隙的止水，在考虑了混凝土与

13、混凝土界面缝隙的止水后，必须解决止水材料自身和混凝土界面的密封止水，同时必须满足土木工程止水材料的可靠性和耐久性。施工缝缝隙一般都不大，在混凝土施工过程中和投入使用后，存在少量混凝土伸缩变形，沉降变形，相应止水材料也要适应这些变形，才能达到止水目的。与施工缝相比，变形缝缝隙较宽，要考虑采用吸水膨胀率较大的遇水膨胀止水材料。三、施工缝、变形缝防水（一）施工缝、变形缝处理环向施工缝处设中埋式止水带及排水管，仰拱部位设中埋式止水带；纵向施工缝刷涂混凝土界面剂。变形缝拱墙部位采用中埋橡胶止水带，沥青木丝板塞缝、聚硫密封胶（内侧设排水暗槽引排渗入水）；沉降缝仰拱部位采用中埋式橡胶止水带、沥青木丝板塞缝并

14、环向设双层抗剪钢筋（50，20MnSi），以减小沉降的不均匀。（二）复合式止水带施工缝防水构造形式复合式止水带由外贴式止水带与中埋式止水带组成，常见的复合式止水带施工缝防水构造形式如下图施工缝防水复合构造形式中埋式止水带与外贴防水层复合使用中埋式止水带、遇水膨胀止水条与嵌缝材料复合使用（三）中埋式止水带施工中埋式止水带有钢板腻子止水带和遇水膨胀橡胶止水带两种。1）施工工艺流程挡头模板钻钢筋孔固定钢筋卡固定止水带拆挡头板灌注混凝土下一环止水带定位 2）施工工艺（1）挡头板制作：在模筑衬砌施工时，根据衬砌厚度及衬砌形式，制作拼装式钢模挡头板，每块钢模宽度为衬砌厚度的一半。预先在拱部和仰拱靠下侧钢模

15、、墙部两侧钢模按环向间距0.3m0.4m钻12孔，同时将钢模根据安装顺序编号。（2）就位固定：按编号安装钢模挡头板，同时将止水带沿隧道环向夹在挡头板中间，预留一半止水带浇筑在下一循环砼衬砌中。用12钢筋制作一端带弯钩的钢筋卡，穿过钢模上预留的12孔，用弯钩卡紧挡头板内侧止水带，将拱部、仰拱止水带托平，将墙部止水带固定，同时将内侧钢筋卡与结构钢筋绑扎连接，使止水带位置固定。挡头板外侧的另一半止水带为避免止水带弯折后受到破坏，应尽量在未衬砌段也采用加工的钢筋U型卡固定在两侧钢模上。待砼凝固拆除挡头板后，在下一环二衬钢筋绑扎好后，及时用同样的弯钩钢筋卡卡紧止水带，将止水带托平固定，浇注下一环衬砌砼。

16、（3）止水带接头：宜留设在起拱线上下，尽量避开容易形成壁后积水的部位。接头形式满足以下要求： 止水带接头形式粘接前应做好接头表面的清刷与打毛，粘接可采用热硫化连接的方法，搭接长度不得小于10cm，焊接缝宽不小于5cm。4）止水带安装、接头检查 （1）检查止水带安装的横向、纵向位置，保证与设计位置吻合。止水带不得翻滚、偏移、扭结，以免影响止水效果。（2）检查接头处上下止水带的压茬方向，此方向应以排水畅通、将水外引为正确方向，即上部止水带靠近围岩，下部止水带靠近隧道衬砌。 （3）观察接头粘接和表面打毛情况，接头外观应平整光洁。抗拉伸强度不低于母材的80%；不合格时重新焊接或粘接。5）施工要点（1）

17、止水带露出仰拱部分，在下一环衬砌前须用麻袋布包裹保护好，不得被钉子、钢筋、石子等刺破，如发现有割伤、破裂现象，应及时修补。（2）在浇捣靠近止水带附近的混凝土时，应严格控制浇捣的冲击力，避免力量过大而刺破橡胶止水带，同时还必须充分震捣，排除止水带底部气泡和空隙，保证混凝土与橡胶止水带的紧密结合。（3）对于钢筋混凝土地段安设的遇水膨胀橡胶止水带，必须注意膨胀条一面（带红色一面）面向围岩面安装。（四）环向波纹管施工在相邻两环二衬中埋式止水带靠围岩面一侧须安装一根50环向打孔波纹管（外包土工布）。具体施作方法为：中埋式止水带固定后，在靠近围岩面一侧的挡头板内侧紧挨止水带处，固定一55左右大小的半圆形木

18、模。待上一环二衬砼灌注完拆除挡头模板时，同步拆除该半圆形木模，然后在下一环二衬钢筋绑扎及立模前，将用土工布包裹好的环向波纹管放入预留出的半圆形槽内固定。（五）纵向施工缝浇灌混凝土前，将纵向施工缝表面凿毛，清除浮粒和杂物，用水冲洗干净，保持湿润，涂刷2mm厚混凝土界面处理剂并及时浇筑混凝土。（六）施工缝设置与施工验收标准1、衬砌结构混凝土施工应连续一次浇筑完成，宜少留施工缝，拱圈、仰拱、底板不得留纵向施工缝。2、墙体纵向施工缝不宜留设在剪力与弯矩最大处或底板与侧壁的交接处，应留在高出底板顶面不小于30cm的墙体上；3、墙体有预留孔洞时，施工缝距孔洞边缘不应小于30cm；4、纵向施工缝浇灌混凝土前

19、，应将其表面凿毛，清除浮粒和杂物，用水冲洗干净，保持湿润，可铺上一层厚2530mm的11水泥砂浆或涂刷混凝土界面处理剂并及时浇筑混凝土；5 、施工缝内采用中埋式止水带时，应确保位置准确、固定牢靠；6、施工中应采取措施保证待贴止水条的混凝土界面洁净。（七）变形缝施工变形缝缝隙较宽，选择变形缝防水材料时，除了选用橡胶止水带止水外，还考虑到橡胶止水带有限的压缩变形能力和弹性变形能力以及与混凝土之间的密封还存在一定的缺陷，不能完全填充和密封其变形范围以外的孔隙，为此，又选用了一种具有“双重止水功能”的遇水膨胀止水条作补充，它可以通过自身的弹性和遇水时体积膨胀来进一步填充和密封橡胶弹性变形以外的橡胶和混

20、凝土之间的界面缝隙，以此来达到可靠的止水效果。1变形缝的设置与应符合下列规定：1）变形缝的位置、宽度、构造型式应符合设计要求；2）缝内两侧应平整、清洁、无渗水；3）缝底应先设置与嵌缝材料无粘结力的背衬材料或遇水膨胀止水条；4）嵌缝应密实。2变形缝嵌缝材料及嵌填施工应符合系列要求：1）嵌缝材料要求最大拉伸强度不应小于0.2MPa，最大伸长率应大于300，且拉、压循环性能为80时拉伸压缩率不小于20。2）缝内两侧平整、清洁、无渗水，涂刷的基层处理剂符合设计要求。3）背衬材料的设置应符合设计要求。4）嵌填密实，与两侧粘接牢固。3施工工艺（1）变形缝处中埋式橡胶止水带，按照上述方式施作。（2）拱墙变形

21、缝处衬砌内缘设置的钢板接水盒，在拆除端头模板后，于下一衬砌段砼施工前，按设计位置用铆钉固定在前一衬砌段的端面上。（3）防水板、遇水膨胀橡胶止水带、钢板接水盒间空隙采用沥青木丝板等填缝料填塞密实。（4）靠近衬砌内缘3cm、缝宽2cm范围内，在衬砌时，预埋泡沫条，待二衬施工完成后，扣出泡沫条，涂以嵌入聚硫密封胶封堵。4施工要点（1）变形缝的位置、宽度、构造型式应正确，缝内两侧平整、清洁、无渗水。（2）缝底先设置与嵌缝材料无粘结力的背衬材料，做到嵌缝密实。（3）缝内涂刷基层处理剂，做到嵌填密实，与两侧粘接牢固。四、止水带材质要求（一） 止水带宜选用橡胶止水带或钢边橡胶止水带（二）对水压力大、变形大的

22、施工缝、变形缝应选用钢边止水带，当地下水有腐蚀性介质的应选用氯丁橡胶、三元乙丙胶材质的止水带。当设计选用其它新型、成熟、可靠的材料时，其物理性能应符合国家相关标准的要求。（三）橡胶止水带的材质、形状、尺寸、物理机械性能应符合设计及现行橡胶止水带（HG/T2288）的规定1、止水带的宽度宜控制在300350mm，并视水压力大小调整宽窄；止水带的截面尺寸用精度为0.05mm的卡尺，其它尺寸用精度为1mm的卷尺检查测量。两种典型止水带断面结构见图：两种典型止水带断面结构示意图注：W-止水带宽度；T-止水带厚度A此部分外观质量要求较严；B此部分外观质量要求较宽； 2 、橡胶止水带产品外观质量应符合下表

23、规定：序号缺陷名称A部分B部分1气泡直径不大于1mm的气泡，每米不允许超过3处直径不大于2mm的气泡，每米不允许超过4处2杂质面积不大于4mm2的杂质，每米不允许超过3处面积不大于8mm的杂质，每米不允许超过3处3接缝缺陷不允许有裂口及“海绵”现象。高度不大于1.5mm的凸起每米不超过2处不允许有裂口及“海绵”现象。高度不大于1.5mm的凸起每米不超过2处4凹痕不允许允许有深度不超过0.5mm，面积不大于10mm2每米不超4处5中孔偏心中心孔周边对称部位厚度差不超过1mm橡胶止水带产品外观质量要求3 、橡胶止水带物理机械性能及检验标准见下表橡胶止水带物理机械性能及检验标序号项目指标试验标准B型

24、S型J型1硬度（昭尔A）（度）605605605GB5312拉伸强度（MP）151210GB528；采用I型试样3扯断伸长率（%）3803803004压缩永久变形7072h（%）353535GB7759；采用B型试样；压缩率2523168h（%）2020205撕裂强度（N/m）302525GB/T5296脆性温度（）-45-40-40GB16827热空气老化7072h硬度变化（邵尔A）（度）+8+8GB3512拉伸强度变化率（降低）（%）1210伸长率变化率（降低）（%）3003007096h硬度变化（邵尔A）（度）+8拉伸强度变化率（降低）（%）9伸长率变化率（降低）（%）2508臭氧老化（

25、50pphm；20%；48h）2级2级0级GB7762；矩形试样注：1、B型适用于变形缝用止水带；S型适用于施工缝止水带；J型适用于有特殊耐老化要求的接缝用止水带。2、本表参照GB18173.2制定。其中压缩永久变形指标反映了橡胶止水带的使用性能，是重要的指标项目。4、钢边橡胶止水带的物理力学性能见下表项目性能指标硬度（邵尔A）625拉伸强度（MPa）18扯断伸长率（%）400压缩永久变形（7024），%35撕裂强度（N/mm）35热老化70168硬度变化（邵尔A）+8拉伸强度（MPa）16.2扯断伸长率（%）320拉伸永久变形（7024h，拉伸100）20橡胶与金属带粘合试验破坏类型橡胶破坏

26、（R）粘合强度（MPa）6钢边橡胶止水带的物理力学性能五、止水带常用的固定方法有以下三种。止水带常用的固定形式methods of ultrasonic inspection and testing results for grade 3 GB50236-2002 industrial pipe welding engineering code for construction and acceptance of field equipment 4 HGJ222-92 technical specification for welding of aluminium and its alloys

27、 5 low temperature steel welding procedure 6 SH3525-2004 petrochemical JB/ T4708-2000 of welding procedure qualification for steel pressure vessels 7 JB/4709-2000 8 JB4730-2005 pressure vessel welding procedures of steel pressure vessel NDT 9 JB/T4744-2000 steel pressure vessel products mechanical p

28、roperties test of welded plate II, mechanical equipment installation engineering 1 GB150-98 2 GB50128-2005 vertical cylindrical steel pressure vessel steel welded specification for construction and acceptance of oil tank 3 JB/ T4735-1997 steel welded atmospheric pressure vessel 4 GB50231-2009 mechan

29、ical equipment installation engineering construction and acceptance specification for 5 GB50275-98 compressor, fan and pump installation engineering construction and acceptance specification for lifting 6 HG20201-2000 construction installation engineering construction standard 7, HG . Pressure gauge

30、s, using an installed spark arrestor for acetylene cylinders, illegal carrying, using gas cylinders, each operator fined 20 Yuan. Gas bottle without the hot sun exposure measures, responsibilities of team a fine of 50 Yuan. (7) at height and the opening and provisional protective measures have been

31、taken,living standards, poor farmers in less than complete elimination of 4600 Yuan, 8949, 19008. Five waters rule: the County invested 2.169 billion yuan, similar counties line the citys first complete the 42 km of sewage pipe network construction, completion rate ranked first in the city, won the

32、provincial rural sewage treatment work better; key pollution sources such as electroplating, papermaking, chemical industry management through verification and acceptance of the municipal government, the County removed Black and odorous River, River waste, beginning of river ecological restoration e

33、ffects. Three modified a split aspects: County total demolition illegal area up 2.759 million square meters, completed City issued annual task of 153%, split against area ranking city second; completed three modified area 4.846 million square meters, completed City issued annual task of 403%, rankin

34、g city third, which village in the a target completed total city ranking first; County Government was named city level three modified a split work advanced. These achievements are hard won and should be appreciated. However, we are fully aware, the new period, and work in the countryside and the env

35、ironment facing higher standards and requirements, provincial party Committee offered to high level build a comprehensive well-off society goal requires no filth, dirty environment illegal buildings, into a well-off; municipal party Committee also proposes to build into the well-off benchmark goals

36、of the city. Compared with the superior claim, South Gate of XX beautiful goal, my County San Nong and environment there are a number of weaknesses and gaps, highlighted in the following five aspects: first, agriculture remained low pattern. Low is reflected in the quality and low; short, value adde

37、d of the industry chain is low; 123 fusion yield low employee age, low quality. Small is reflected in smaller, specialized cooperatives throughout the County there were 3,396, but on the scale of too little. San is reflected in production, management, services, decentralized, centralized, standardiz

38、ed, brand, information and organizational level is not high. Second, the countryside is still in dirty phase. Dirty is dirty of rural sanitation situation has not changed. Chaos is a village in rural housing construction planning, construction of disorder, no drawings, no construction, no vetting fo

39、ur no phenomenon, heap lying there. Bad is the weak rural base, village governance is poor. Thirdly, farmers continued to be persistent look. Old is aging, rural labor force accounted for 70% over the age of 50. Big is that the reform measures ground resistance, such as the transactions of property

40、rights, land replacement; public service supply gap, rural education, health care, pensions and other services can not meet the demand still difficult for poverty alleviation, with emphasis on poverty alleviation and 191. Hard is a peasants, peasants. Four water effects still lacks11 中铁五局(集团)武广客运专线XXTJ标项目经理部