定语从句完整课件（修改过）.ppt

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1、Attributive clauses,Attributive Clause（定语从句）概念在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句.被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。,He is an English teacher who likes singing songs.,定语从句,先行词,引导词,引导词,关系代词:whowhomthatwhichwhose as,关系副词:wherewhenwhy,注意：1 关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中都要 充当句子成分。2 定语从句中的谓语动词要和先行词保持一致。3定语从句分为限制性和非限制性两种。4 非限制性定语从句中的关系词不可以省略。,关系词的作用：

2、1、连接作用 把主句和从句连接起来 2、替代作用 在从句中代替在它前面 的先行词 3、成分作用 在从句中充当一个成分,关系代词的用法：一、whose引导的定语从句。whose用作定语。whose+n.=the+n.+of+whom/which,Which house is mine?,房顶是棕色的房子是我的。,The house is mine.,whose roof is brown,My house,whose 在定语从句中作定语，表示引导词与 whose 后的名词为所属关系。whose多指人，也可指物，指物时可与 of which互换使用。指人时可用of whom.,This is th

3、e book whose cover is blue.This is the book the cover of which is blue.,Do you know the man whose name is Wang Yu?Do you know the man the name of whom is Wang Yu?Mary lives in the house whose roof is red.Mary lives in the house the roof of which is red.,Yesterday she talked with one woman _ husband

4、died in that accident.A.which B.whose C.of which D.that,B,二。Who 特殊情况先行词是all,everyone,one,ones,anyone且做主语时用who.Anyone who breaks the law should be punished.One who has nothing to fear for oneself dares to tell the truth.Everybody who were willing to see the film signed their names here.先行词是those时，用wh

5、o.Those who want to see the film sign up here.,注意：whom,which 作介词宾语时，介词一般可放在关系代词之前，也可放在原来的位置上；但是在含有介词的动词固定词组中，介词只能放在原来的位置上。This is the person whom you are looking for.,三、由that引导的定语从句。that在从句中可以指人或物，在从句中做主语或谓语动词的宾语.但不能放在介词后面作介词的宾语。This is the school in that you will study.()This is the school in which

6、 you will study.()This is the school(which/that)you will study in.(),注意 在下面几种情况下必须用that引导定语从句。先行词是不定代词all,few,little,much,something,nothing,anything 等。All that we have to do is to practise every day.Something that we heard was of great truth.,先行词被序数词、the last或形容词的最高级所修饰。The first thing that I learne

7、d will never be forgotten.This is the most interesting film that I have ever seen.先行词被all,any,every,each,few,little,no,some等修饰。I have read all the books that you gave me.,先行词被the only,the very 修饰。This is the very pen that I am looking for.He is the only person that I want to talk to.先行词既有人又有物时。They

8、talked of things and persons that they remembered.,当句中已有who 或which时，为避免重复。Who is the man that is talking to John?当关系代词在定语从句中作表语时，无论先行词是人还是物，常用that引导定语从句。1）He is no longer the man that he used to be.,四.当先行词为way时，定语从句的关系词可以有三种情况:that,in which 或不填。(前提是从句中不缺主语或宾语）I dont like the way you talked to your m

9、other.（choose the one that is not proper for this blank）A.that B.which C.in which D./,B,五 在 Its time 句型中，后面的从句也可以看成是定语从句，通常有下面几种句型。It is(high/about)time that 主语+过去式 It is 序数词 time that 主语+谓语(现在完成时)()It is high time that I _to do the physics homework.A.go B.wentC.shall go D.have gone()It is the first

10、 time _ he has been here.A.thatB.whenC.at whichD.which,B,A,六one of+复数名词+who/which/that+复数谓语 the(only)one of+复数名词+who/which/that+单数谓语She is one of the students who _ praised at the meeting yesterday.A.was B.were C.isD.areHe is the only one of the students who _a winner of scholarship for three years.

11、A.is B.areC.have beenD.has been,B,D,关系副词引导的定语从句：,1、由where引导的定语从句。定语从句在修饰一个表示地点的名词时,常用where引导。A book office is a place where tickets are sold.Where 在从句中做状语，相当于一个介词短语。在本句中相当于in which，所以此句可以改为：A book office is a place in which tickets are sold.因此定语从句中关系副词where=介词+which.,2、定语从句在修饰一个表示时间的名词时，常用when 引导。I

12、still remember the year when we studied together.When在从句中时间状语，其作用相当于一个“介词+关系代词”,I still remember the year(which/that)we studied in together.,I still remember the year in which we studied together.,This is the house where he lives.,=This is the house _he lives.,=This is the house _he lives in.,in whi

13、ch,(which/that),3、由why引导的定语从句。关系副词why 的先行词只有reason,在从句中表示原因状语。Do you know the reason why I left early?Why 在从句中作原因状语，其作用相当于for which.,Do you know the reason _I left early?,但如果关系词在从句中不是作状语，而是作宾语时仍用that/which.The reason _ he gave us was unacceptable.,for which,that/which,关系代词和关系副词的选用。,在定语从句中到底选用关系代词还是关

14、系副词要看它们在从句中所充当的句子成分来决定，有时同一个先行词往往关系词却不同。,1.This is the factory which/that produces TV sets.This is the factory where my father once worked.(in which),2.Ill never forget the day that/which we spent together in the countryside.Ill never forget the day when his house was broken into.(on which),介词+关系词引导

15、定语从句介词+关系代词引导的定语从句多用于正式文体中，这样的关系代词主要是which,whom,whose.,This is the house in which my grandfather once lived.The film of which Im speaking is to be shown next week.This is the man from whom I learn the news.,注意：这类句子中的介词也可以放在从句的末尾，这时关系代词可省略。This is the person(whom)you are going to work with.,如何选用结构中的介

16、词,根据从句中的谓语动词的搭配on which I spent five Yuan.for which I paid five Yuan This is the book from which I learnt a lotin which there are few new words about which Tom often talks,根据先行词的搭配习惯the day on which I joined the league.I still remember the days during which I lived in the country.the years in which

17、I stayed there.,as引导的定语从句:as用作关系代词和关系副词引导限制性定语从句，并在从句中做主语、表语和状语，构成the same as,such as等结构。I want to have such a dictionary as he has.I shall do it in the same way as you did.I like the same book as you do.,as引导非限制性定语。在从句中做主语、表语或宾语，这个定语从句说明整个句子，可以放在主句之前、之中和之后。The experiment is very important,as indeed

18、 it is.As is known to all,he studies very hard.As we all know,China is a developing country.常用于这种类似插入语的句式有as is said above,as is already mentioned above,as is known to all,as it is,as is often the case,as is reported in the newspaper,注意：which 和 as 的区别是：which不能放在句首，而as则可以；在句中时，as有“正如”、“就像”之意，而which 没

19、有。,下列每句均有一处错误，请找出并改正。1They talked for half an hour of the things and persons who they would deal with a few days later 2Who is the man who was praised at the meeting？3Is this the farm where you visited the other day？4I want to buy the same dictionary that you have,_,that,_,that,_,that,_,as,巩固练习：Fina

20、lly the thief handed everything _ he had stolen to the police.Which B.whatC.whatever D.that2.He told me all _ he knew.whichB.whatC.that D.how3.He was very rude to the Customs officer,_ of course made things even worse.who B.whomC.whatD.which,4.Is the river _ through that town very large?which flowsB

21、.flowsC.that flowingD.whose flows5.The most important thing_ we should pay attention to is the first thing _I have said.A.which;that B.that;which C.which;which D.that;that 6.The songs _ she sang in the concert yesterday sounded _A./,beautifullyB.that,wonderfullyC.which,wellD./,nice,7.The result of t

22、he experiment was very good,_we hadnt expected.A.when B.that C.whichD.what8.You may keep any _ you find Athat Bwhich Cwhat Dwhom9.In the dark street,there wasnt a single person_ she could turn for help.to whom B.whoC.from whomD.that10.The Great Wall is the last place _Mr.smith is going to visit befo

23、re he leaves Beijing.A.whereB.which C./D.what,11.They study in a small classroom _ floor is broken Awhose Bwhich Cwhere Dthat12.Next Sunday is the only day _ he can spare to join us Athat Bwhich Cwhen Don which13.He isnt the man _ he used to be Athat Bwhom Cwho Dwhich14.Please pass me the dictionary

24、 _ cover is black Awhich Bwhich of Cits Dwhose,15.Through practice we can learn a lot _ can not_ from books Awhich；be learned Bthat；learn Cwhich；learn Dthat；be learned,1.I still remember the night _I first came to the house.2.Ill never forget the day_ we met each other last week.3.I will never forge

25、t the days _I spent with your family.4.Ill never forget the last day_ we spent together.5.Do you still remember the place_ we visited last week?6.Do you still remember the place_ we visited the painting exhibition?,when,when,that/which,that,that/which,where,7.Tom will go to Shanghai,_live his two br

26、others.8.I live in Beijing,_is the capital of China.9.There was a time _there were slaves in the USA.10.It is the third time _you have made the same mistake.11.It was in the street _I met John yesterday.12.It was about 600 years ago_the first clock with a face and an hour hand was made.,where,which,

27、when,that,that,that,13.He lives in the room_window faces to the south.14He lives in the room,the window_faces to the south.15.This is Mr.John for_son I brought a book yesterday.16.This is Mr.John for_I bought a book yesterday.zq|wJ 17.This is the hour_the place is always full of women and children.18.And there is one point _Id like your advice.,