名词性从句复习课件.ppt

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1、名词性从句,辨别下列名词性从句的类别：1.How the book will sell depends on its author.2.John said that he was leaving for London on Wednesday.3.The fact is that he has not been seen recently.4.The fact that he has not been seen recently disturbs everyone in his office.5.He will talk to us about what he saw in U.S.6.It

2、is impossible that I go and attend the meeting.,主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句,同位语从句,宾语从句,主语从句,名词性从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。,引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类：连接词：that,whether,if 连接代词：what,whatever,who,whoever,whom,whose,which.连接副词：when,where,how,why,that只起连接主句和从句的作用，在从句中不担任任何成分,本身也没有词义，宾语从句中可省略,一主语从句,主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句，通常放在主句谓语动

3、词之前或由形式主语it代替，而本身放在句子末尾。,It 作形式主语,It 作形式主语代替主语从句，主要是为了平衡句子结构，主语从句的连接词没有变化。例如：It is a pity that you didnt go to see the film.It doesnt interest me whether you succeed or not.,What I need is book.,二宾语从句,宾语从句就是在复合句中作宾语的名词性从句，通常放在主句谓语动词或介词之后。,1.作动词的宾语,例如：I heard that he joined the army.She did not know

4、what had happened.She told me that she would accept my invitation.,2.作介词的宾语，例如：Our success depends upon how well we can cooperate with one another.,3.作形容词的宾语，例如：I am afraid(that)Ive made a mistake.I am sure(that)he will win the game.,4.it 可以作为形式宾语 it 不仅可以作为形式主语，还可以作为形式宾语而真正的宾语that 从句则放在句尾，例如：We thou

5、ght it good news that the fog had finally gone.,三表语从句,表语从句在复合句中作表语的名词性从句，放在系动词之后，一般结构是“主语连系动词表语从句”。可以接表语从句的连系动词有be,look,remain,seem等。例如：1)The question is _ we can make good preparation in such a short time.2)This is _ we cant get the support of the people.3)But the fact remains _ we are behind the o

6、ther classes.,whether/how,why,that,四同位语从句,同位语从句在句中作同位语，它一般要放在主句中某些抽象名词的后面，说明这些名词的含义、内容。可跟同位语从句的名词主要有：fact,news,promise,reason,idea,hope,word,belief，information,thought等。如：Beijing,the capital of China,is my hometown.We heard the news that our team had won.We were happy to hear the news that was annou

7、nced by our boss.,定语从句,同位语从句,考点一：区别that 与what考点二：区别whether 与if 考点三：连词 what,whatever,whoever,whomever 用法考点四：it 作形式主语或形式宾语考点五：名词性从句的语序考点六：名词性从句的虚拟语气的使用考点七：宾语从句中的前置考点八：同位语从句与定语从句的区别,名词性从句考点归纳:,考点1：连接词 that 与 what 的用法区别：,What he said makes me happy.That a new teacher will come is true.,that a.只起连接作用，无意义

8、，在从句中不充当 任何成分,一般不可省略（宾语从句除外）b.动词后有两个that引导的宾语从句时，第二个that引导词不可省略。what 既起连接作用,又在从句中作 主语,宾语,表语,1._ he said at the meeting made us angry.2.中国不再是过去的样子了。,What,China is no longer _ it used to be.,what,考点2.区别if 与whether,whether 与 if 均为“是否”的意思。但在下列情况下，whether 不能被 if 所取代：,Whether he will come is unknown.,2.表语

9、从句，如：,The question is whether you should accept it.,3.同位语从句，如：,The question whether hell attend the meeting is not decided.,主语从句,如,4.从句作介词的宾语，如：,Im not interested in whether theyll go or not.It depends on whether we have got enough money.,5.直接跟不定式连用，如：,She hasnt decided whether to go or not.,用if 或wh

10、ether 填空,1.I dont know _ Ill be free tomorrow.2.I dont know _ or not Ill be free tomorrow.3.The question is _ this book is worth writing.4.It depends on _ we will have enough money.5._ they can do it matters little to us.6._ you are not free tomorrow,Ill go without you.,whether/if,whether,whether,wh

11、ether,Whether,If,_等引导的名词性从句不含有疑问意义，相当于名词后加一个定语从句，而_等引导的名词性从句含有疑问意义。,whoever,whatever,who,what,考点3.what,whatever,who,whoever,1._ was said here must be kept secret.2._ we need is more time.3._ has taken away my bag is unknown.4._ breaks the law will be punished.,Whatever,What,Who,Whoever,No matter who

12、 destroys the forest will be punished.,（误）,no matter 只能引导状语从句，ever既可引导状语从句又可以引导名词性从句.,no matter who/what与whoever/whatever,Whoever destroys the forest will be punished.（正）,1.他犯了那样一个错误真是遗憾。That he made such a mistake is a pity.2.他来不来不重要。Whether he will come or not doesnt matter.,It doesnt matter wheth

13、er,It is a pity that,考点：it作形式主语,形式宾语,it 作形式主语,This is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.2.It worried her a bit _ her hair was turning gray.A.while B.that C.if D.for,It,it 作形式宾语,make/find/feel/consider/think it+adj/n+that,I hate it when people laugh at the disabled.,1

14、.Ive got to make clear that he told a lie.I like _ in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright.(2004)A.this B.that C.it D.one3.他发现很难使别人理解他.He found _.,it,it difficult to make himself understood,it,考点5 语序问题,1.The photographs will show you _ A.what does our village look like B.what our village

15、looks like C.how does our village look like D.how our village looks like,从句一定用陈述语序,2.You can hardly imagine _when he heard the news.A.how he was excitedB.how was he excitedC.how excited he wasD.he was how excited,考点 6 名词性从句的虚拟语气的使用,A:在名词性从句中表示建议，要求，命令语气，要用 should do表示虚拟语气，should可以省略.a.She suggested

16、that he should go there right now.b.It was suggested that he go there right now.c.My suggestion was that he go there right now.d.This is our suggestion that he go there right now.,B:It is important/necessary/natural/strange.that主语从句中常用should do 表示虚拟。eg.It is strange that he should act toward his par

17、ents like that.,考点7 宾语从句中否定前移,否定前移 think,believe,suppose,expect,imagine,guess,等动词的宾语从句如果是否定句，应将否定词not移至主句。I think that you two havent met before.I dont think you two have met before.,考点八：同位语从句与定语从句的区别,重要的标志之一是被修饰词在从句中起不起语法作用。如果在从句中作主语、宾语、表语，则为定语从句，否则是同位语从句。1.I dont like his idea that the plan should

18、 be given up.2.The idea that she thought of is helpful.,同位语从句,定语从句,辨别下列从句是定语从句还是同位语从句1.We heard the news that our team had won.2.We must face the fact that we had spent all our money.3.The news that he told me yesterday was false.4.I have no doubt that he will come soon.5.The fact is that we have sp

19、ent all our money.,同位语从句,同位语从句,定语从句,同位语从句,表语从句,1_was known to us all that Johnson had broken his promise_ he would give each of us a small gift.A.As;whichB.What;thatC.It;that D.It;which 解析 It 作形式主语，that引导同位语从句。答案C,2Its reported that the new underground line has been completed.Yes but it hasnt been m

20、ade clear_ its to be opened to traffic.Athat Bwho Cwhat Dwhen解析 考查名词性从句的连接词。此处是when引导的主语从句。答案D,3.The news_ Barack Obama won the Nobel Peace Prize is_ surprised the world.Athat；what Bwhich；thatCthat；which D/；how解析 考查名词性从句的连接词。第一空同位语从句；第二空表语从句。答案A,4_Taiwan has purchased a large quantity of arms from t

21、he US causes great tension in the Asian and Pacific district.A.What B.ThatC.It D.As解析 考查主语从句的连接词。此处that没有意思，不作成分，只起连接作用。答案B,5.Is it,in your opinion,possible _ new measures will be taken to improve the terrible traffic?A.whether B.whatC.when D.that解析 考查主语从句的连接词。此处it是形式主语，that引导的从句为真正的主语。答案D,6_life be

22、gan on the earth is one of the biggest puzzles to scientists.AHow B.WhatCWhere DThat解析 考点：名词性从句。连接词的选择考查。句意为：“生命在地球上如何开始的？”。此题容易误选B，误认为感叹句，感叹名词life。答案A,7The world thinks highly of _China and its people have achieved in the last year.A.that B.whichC.what D.how解析 考查宾语从句的连接词。此处of后为宾语从句，what是宾语从句的连接词，其在

23、从句中作achieve的宾语。答案C,8With the number of cars increasing rapidly in cities，a major problem is_ the cars can be parked.Awhich BthatCwhen Dwhere解析 考查表语从句。此处是where引导的表语从句。答案D,9We are very proud of_ you have accomplished so far.You should be proud too.A.what B.thatC.which D.where解析 考查宾语从句的连接词。此处of后为宾语从句，w

24、hat作accomplish的宾语。答案A,10.No one really knows exactly of when the first people arrived in_ we now know as California.Awhat Bwhen Cwhere Dwhich 解析 考查宾语从句的连接词。此处in后为宾语从句，what作know的宾语。答案A,11.By improving reading skills,you can read faster and understand more of_ you read.Athat BwhatCwhich Dwhether解析 wha

25、t引导的从句作介词of的宾语，同时what充当该从句的宾语。答案B,12.She is very dear to us.We have been prepared to do_ it takes to save her life.Awhichever BhoweverCwhatever Dwhoever解析 考查名词性从句。宾语从句中及物动词take缺少宾语，而且没有范围限制，故用whatever引导宾语从句。答案C,13.The most exciting thing for him was_ he finally succeeded in_ seemed to be the most di

26、fficult exam to him.Athat;what Bthat;whichCwhat;that Dwhat;which解析 考查名词性从句。句意：对他来说最兴奋的事情是他最终在看似最困难的考试中取得了成功。前一个空格处是表语从句，that只是从句中的引导词，不充当成分；后一个空格处是宾语从句，what在从句中作主语。解析 A,14The rescue team are considering _ they can do more for the people suffering from the snowstorm.So they are.Awhat BwhateverCif Dhow解析 考查名词性从句。此处是由how引导的从句作considering的宾语。从句中do已有宾语more，所以不能用what或whatever；C项if不符合语境。所以这里选D项。答案D,15.Pupils usually would like to take _ advice their teachers give.Awhichever BhoweverCwhatever Dwhenever解析 考查宾语从句。根据语意“学生们通常愿意接受老师所给的任何建议”可知此处用whatever，指“任何(事物)”。答案：C,Thank You!,