状语从句(min).ppt

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1、状语从句,When he was young,he loved music.,Though they lacked money,his mother managed to buy him a piano.,近五年高考对状语从句的考查,总述,在复合句中担任状语成分的从句，称为状语从句，状语从句可以用来修饰主句中的动词、形容词或副词等，有时修饰整个句子。状语从句可分为时间、地点、原因、条件、方式、让步、目的、结果、比较状语从句等种。状语从句放在主句之前时，常用逗号分开；放在主句之后，一般不用逗号。每类状语从句有各自不同的引导词。,1 易混、易错点(1)when/as/while He hurrie

2、d home,looking behind _ he went._ you have seen him,you would be happy._ I was waiting for the bus,I met with a friend.总结:1)as 表示主从句动作_发生,译成_ 2)while从句只能跟_动词,常用_时,as,时间状语从句,when,while,同时,一边-一边,延续性,进行,when:持续性非持续性动词都可,当时正在忽然,Are you going to be a sailor when you leave school?,sb.was doing whensb was

3、about to do/was going to dowhen,when=at this time/at that time,引申义:While I accept the problem is difficult,I dontthink I wont work it out.Some people waste food while others haventenough.As modern industry is developing,there is moreand more pollution.Young as I am,I know a lot.Just do as I told you

4、 to.As everybody is here,lets begin.,虽然,而,随着,虽然,像,因为,While,as,2)till（不可放句首）/until I will wait for you till/until all the flowers get withered.倒装 _ 强调 _,Not until all the flowers get withered will I give up.,It is not until all the flowers get withered that I will give up.,beforeIt will be half a yea

5、r before I come back.It wont be half a year before we meet again.We sailed four days and nights before we saw the land.,肯定句“才”否定句“就”,it will be+一段时间+before.多久之后才.,it wont be+一段时间+before.不久就.,要过很长时间我们才能再见面只要三天他就回来了,It will be a long time before we meet again.,2,It will be only three days before he re

6、turns.,重难点及其突破,(2)hardly/scarcelywhen,nosoonerthan,assoonas,directly,immediately,the moment,the minute,表示“一就”英译汉：AssoonasIhavefinishedit,Illgiveyouacall.Hardlyhadwegotinto thecountry whenit began to rain.Nosoonerhadhearrivedthanshestartedcomplaining.Hemadeforthedoordirectlyheheardtheknock.,考点:“一 就”“

7、刚.就”我一到达上海就给你打电话。（时态）时态要求：改错:I hardly got home when it began to rain时态要求：.,I will call you as soon as I arrive in Shanghai.,had,以一般现在时代替将来时,主句用had done,从句用did,考点:名词短语引导时间状语从句 1.When every time I was in trouble,he would come to help me.2.At next time you come,do remember bring your son here.3.For the

8、 first time I met the girl.I felt in love with her.4.You are welcome to come back at any time you want to.5.At the last time she saw James,he was lying in bed.语法规则：,every time,each time,next time,the first time,any time 等名词短语引导状语从句不加介词。,条件状语从句,if once as/so long as as far as unless on condition that

9、 in case,条件状语从句 if:假如,如果,If you work harder,you will succeed.,e.g.如果你更努力的话,你会成功.,Work harder,Work harder,and you will succeed,or you wont succeed.,_ you touch an English person,you should say“sorry”._ they are dirty,certain seas are not able to clean themselves._ we dont lose heart,well find a way t

10、o overcome the difficulty._ I know you shouldnt have any problem there.,If,Once,As long as,As far as,You can have my bicycle for a few days _ you return it by Sunday.Dont touch anything _ yourteacher tells you to.,on condition that,unless,1 易混、易错点Unless I didnt finish reading the book _ Mum came bac

11、k.I cant finish the work _ you help me.We are going to have a barbecue _ it rains.结论:,until,unless,unless,条件状语从句,unless强调条件 而until 强调时间,戒烟广告：千万别跟吸烟的女子交朋友，除非你愿意吻一只烟灰缸(ashtray)。,You mustnt make friends with girl smokers unless you want to kiss an ashtray.,中途加油站：,让步状语从句,1）nomatter后接上who、what、where、how等

12、疑问词，也可以在这类疑问词后面加上ever构成whoever、whatever、wherever、however等。汉译英：无论他说什么,我们都不相信他.2）as也可以引导让步状语从句。要用倒装。Childas(though)heis,heknowsalot.MuchasIlikeit,Iwontbuy.Tryashewould,hecouldntlifttheheavybox.,No matter what he says,we dont believe him.,连接词+过去分词 Pressurecanbeincreasedwhenneeded.Unlessrepaired,thewash

13、ingmachineis nouse.(2)连接词+现在分词 Lookoutwhilecrossingthestreet.She waits outside the door as if waiting for someone,状语从句的省略,在时间和条件等状语从句中,如果主句的主语和从句的主语一致,可以把从句中的主语和be动词省略,锦上添花,2 There are too many cars in Beijing now.Traffic jam has been a headache.状语从句：There are too many cars in Beijing now_ _ traffic

14、 jam has been a headache 得分亮点：_ too many cars,traffic jam has been a headache in Beijing now.,With,so,3.Time permits.A redesign of the city will provide a better environment.状语从句：_ time permits,a redesign of the city will provide a better environment.得分亮点：_ _,a redesign of the city will provide a be

15、tter environment.,If,Time permitting,Adverbial Clauses of Place(地点状语从句）Youd better mark a mark _you have any question.Youd better mark a mark at the place _ you have any question.-Mom,what did your doctor say?-He advised me to live _ the air is fresher?in where B.in which C.the place where D.where,w

16、here,where,原因状语从句,becausesinceasfornow thatconsidering(that)seeing(that),既然,考虑到鉴于,鉴于由于既然因为,Adverbial Clauses of Reason(原因状语从句）1._he was ill,he didnt go to school.2._ you do not understand,I will explain again.3._she was late for class,she had to say sorry.4._class is over,lets go to play football.5.

17、He must be ill,_he is absent today.,Since,Now that,for,As,Because,原因状语从句 because,since,as 用法比较：,As she was late for class,she had to say sorry.,1、because:语气最强,表示的是直接理由，通常放句中,不能同so连用。,I was late because there was a traffic accident.,2.since:“既然.”表示对方已知的事实或理由，常放在句首,不能同so连用。,Since you have enough money

18、,you can come and buy it,3.as:“由于.”语气较弱，较口语化，表明显的原因或已知的 事实,常放在句首,不能同so连用。,Exercise,1.The teacher must be strict with you _ they want you to make great progress.(because,as,since)2._your father is well again,you no longer have anything to worry about.(because,as,since)_ she was the oldest in her fami

19、ly,she had to look after them.(because,as,since),because,Since,As,Adverbial Clauses of Purpose(目的状语从句)1.They set out early _ they might arrive there in time.2.Take your raincoat _it should rain.3.The boy hid himself behind the tree _his father should see him.,so that(in order that),in case,in case/f

20、or fear that,1.Id like to arrive 20 minutes early _ I can have time for a cup of tea.A.as soon as B.as a result C.in case D.so that2.Youd better take something to read when you go to see the doctor _ you have to wait.A.even if B.as if C.in case D.in order that,Adverbial Clauses of Result(结果状语从句)It i

21、s _good a story that Ill never forget it.It is _ a good story that Ill never forget it.,so,such,Adverbial Clauses of Manner(方式状语从句)You must try to do _I did.The old lady treats the boy _he were her son.,as if/as though,as,Adverbial Clauses of Comparison（比较状语从句）1.He doesnt work so hard as you do.2.Th

22、e more you worry,the less youll succeed.3.She did worse in the test _she expected.,than,考点:the+比较级.the+比较级There are things people accept less,_ you defend them.A.as B.while C.the moment D.the more,1You must keep on working in the evening _ you are sure you can finish the task in time.A.as B.if C.whe

23、n D.unless2In time of serious accidents，_we know some basic things about first aid,we can save lives.A.whether B.until C.if D.unless,3.It was some time_ we realized the truth.A.when B.until C.since D.before4Scientists say it may be five or six years_ it is possible to test this medicine on human pat

24、ients.A.since B.after C.before D when.,5How long is it _ we last spent the holiday in the country together?A.before B.when C.that D.since6.Its quite a time _ Yao Ming was injured,but it wont be long _ he returns to the court.A.since,before B.after,when C.before,since D.that,when,Exercise,Complete th

25、e following passage,using conjunctions or the right forms of the given verbs:,The weather was cold and wet.The wind was blowing and I could see thick snow on the ground.I went to buy some medicine for mother _ she was ill._ I got to the bus station,a lot of people were waiting for the bus.I remember

26、ed it was Saturday and farmers went to sell their vegetables._ about an hour,the bus came.,because,When,After,_ it stopped,people crowded onto it._ I was too young,I could hardly get on.At last we all got on.But _ we waited for a long time,the bus still didnt start.Some people lost their patience an

27、d shouted.A young man hit something and the bus began to run.We all felt happy _ a woman cried,“Wheres the driver?”,As soon as,As,after,until,Exercise,翻译下列句子:1.我们该趁热打铁.(strike,iron)2.直到他告诉我，我才意识到我的错误这小男孩哭喊着，直到他妈妈回来在他毕业后他去了西部工作,We should strike the iron while it is hot.,I didnt realize my mistake unt

28、il he told me.,The little boy cried until his mother came back.,After he graduated,he went to work in the west.,随着那天的到来我们变得越来越激动了你父亲会生气的，除非你马上去向他道歉我还没来得及说句话，他就走了如果红灯亮，我们该怎么办？,As the day is coming,we get more and more excited.,Your father will be angry unless you say sorry to him at once.,Before I co

29、uld say a word,he left.,What should we do if the lights are red?,假设你是李明,你的网友Peter来信,他想充当2008年北京奥运会的 志愿者,但他不知道北京的状况以及中国要怎样改善.请你根据下列要点,给他回信,欢迎他到北京充当2008年奥运会志愿者.信的开头已为你写好.主要内容:1）交通还需要治理。2）经过治理，环境已经大大改善。3)个人应该怎样做。4)政府要采取那些措施。注意:1)不能逐条翻译上述要点;2)词数:150词左右Dear Peter,Let me tell you something about Beijing.,Writing,