【高分指导】2015中考(人教版)英语复习+第一部分+第1讲+名词课件(共45张PPT).ppt
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1、第一部分,语法知识盘点,第1讲 名词,一、将下列名词归类,noodle,chalk,bread,pie,weather,pen,second,parent,newspaper,water,meat,factory,present,gold,computer,furniture,lemonade,friend,person,advice,promise,English,noodle,pie,pen,second,parent,newspaper,factory,present,computer,friend,person,promise,chalk,bread,weather,water,mea
2、t,gold,furniture,,lemonade,advice,English,二、写出下列名词的复数形式1规则变化,classmate_cup_wife_thief_watch_party_leaf_box_,minute_mirror_family_factory_photo_hero_knife_piano_city _,half_glass_match_potato_baby_key_brush_mouth_bus _,minutes,halves,classmates,mirrors,glasses,cups,families,matches,wives,factories,po
3、tatoes,thieves,photos,babies,watches,heroes,keys,parties,knives,brushes,leaves,pianos,mouths,boxes,cities,buses,2不规则变化,goose_woman_sheep_foot_deer_,man_people_child_tooth_mouse _,men,people,teeth,deer,geese,women,sheep,children,feet,mice,三、短语翻译,1.我妈妈的生日_2.教师节_,3.李明的卧室_,4.爸爸和妈妈的房间_5.三个小时的车程_6.一幅中国地图_
4、7.我的一个朋友_8.这只小猫的名字_,my mothers birthday,Teachers Day,Li Mings bedroom,Mom and Dads room,three hours drive,a map of China,a friend of mine,the name of the cat,再现中考名词单复数,题1,(2013 年广东)Mum,Ive heard that we cant eat,_ these days.Is it true?Take it easy.It is safe to eat cooked meat.,AchickenCa chicken,B
5、chickensDthe chicken,点拨选A。句意:“妈妈,我听说这些天我们不能吃鸡肉。是真的吗?”“放轻松。吃煮熟的肉是安全的。”chicken表示“鸡肉”,是不可数名词,故选A。,题2,(2012 年广东)The students of Grade 7 visited Mikes,farm and saw many _ there.,A birdCsheep,BduckDrabbit,点拨选C。根据句意“在农场看见许多的”可知用复数,sheep 的单复数形式一样,故选C。,名词所有格,题,(2014 年广东)Katherine was excited to receive a doz
6、en,of roses from her husband on _ Day.,AWomanCWomans,BWomenDWomens,点拨选D。由语境可判断此处应用名词所有格表示“妇女节”,故选 D。,词义辨析,题 1,(2013 年广东)Tom brought a box of biscuits to a,summer camp.He ate a few and placed the rest under his bed.Afterlunch,he found the box was gone.He went to tell his camp _46_about it.“That would
7、 only make him hate you.I want you to write toyour mother and ask for more _51_.”,46A.cook,Bdoctor,Ccoach,Dcleaner,51A.gifts,Bbiscuits Ccandies,Dtoys,点拨46.选C。分析语境可知,在夏令营发现饼干不见了,应该告诉“教练”,故选 C。51选B。由上文可知是“饼干”,故选 B。,题2,(2012 年梅州)At the bottom of the _48_,there was,a notice that said,“If you do not see
8、the dish you need on this menu,please tell us and we will add it to the menu right away.”,48A.menuCrestaurant,BdishDtable,点拨选A。根据后文“If you do not see the dish you need onthis menu.”判断,可知是“菜单”,故选A。,词语的用法,题1,(2014 年广东)Later,I worked in a small _76_,,serving the guests,cleaning up the tables,washing th
9、e dishes andsweeping the floors.点拨填 restaurant。根据“serving the guests,cleaning up thetables,washing the dishes and sweeping the floors”可知是在“饭店”,故填 restaurant。,题2,(2013 年广东)They were very sad and then threw rice,into the _74_ to feed the fishes so that they would stay awayfrom his body.点拨 填river/water
10、。根据“to feed the fishes so that theywould stay away from his body”可知,应填与水有关的词。故填river 或water。,可数名词1.可数名词通常是个体名词和集体名词,可以计数,如:,treetreesfamilyfamilies,childchildrenclassclasses,2.可数名词由单数形式变为复数形式,其构成方法分为规则的和不规则的两种。,(1)规则变化,(以o 结尾的名词变复数),加-s:小马虎弹着钢琴(piano)听着收音机(radio),又到动物园(zoo)和袋鼠(kangaroo)照相(photo),最后考
11、试得了个大鸭蛋(零分)(zero)。,加-es:黑人(Negro)英雄(hero)喜欢吃西红柿(tomato),和土豆(potato)。,(以f 或fe 结尾的名词变复数),树叶(leaf)半数(half)自己(self)黄,妻子(wife)拿刀,(knife)上山冈,,架(shelf)后窜出一只狼(wolf),好像强盗(thief)逃命,(life)忙。,注意:有少数以f 或fe 结尾的名词变成复数形式时,只加-s,如:roofs,gulfs,chiefs 等。但是,handkerchief/scarf 的复数形式可以是 handkerchiefs/scarfs,也可以是handkerchi
12、eves/scarves。,(2)不规则变化(需记忆),(续表),(3)有些名词虽以 s 结尾,却并不是复数形式。,某些学科的名称。如:maths(数学),politics(政治),physics(物理),economics(经济学)。,某些活动的名称。如:politics(政治活动),athletics(体,育活动)。,某些国家或组织的名称。如:the United States(美国),the,United Nations(联合国)。,以复数形式出现的书名、剧名、报纸、杂志名,也可视,为单数。如:,The Arabian Nights is a very interesting story
13、-book.天方夜,谭是一本很有趣的故事书。,news 为不可数名词,是单数。如:Good news spreads fast.好消息传得快。注意:(1)集体名词强调每一个个体成员时,是复数概念,作主语时谓语动词用复数;如果强调整个团体,则视为单数概念,作主语时谓语动词用单数。但 furniture,equipment,clothing一类的集体名词是不可数名词,作主语时谓语动词用单数。(2)有些名词的单复数形式表示的意义不同。如:,some people 一些,two fish 两条鱼two fishes 两种鱼类人some peoples 一些民族,男女孩子的脚踩住老鼠的牙 manmen,
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