状语从句和特殊句式 教案word.doc

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1、适用学科家庭是幼儿语言活动的重要环境，为了与家长配合做好幼儿阅读训练工作，孩子一入园就召开家长会，给家长提出早期抓好幼儿阅读的要求。我把幼儿在园里的阅读活动及阅读情况及时传递给家长，要求孩子回家向家长朗诵儿歌，表演故事。我和家长共同配合，一道训练，幼儿的阅读能力提高很快。 高中英语单靠“死”记还不行,还得“活”用,姑且称之为“先死后活”吧。让学生把一周看到或听到的新鲜事记下来,摒弃那些假话套话空话,写出自己的真情实感,篇幅可长可短,并要求运用积累的成语、名言警句等,定期检查点评,选择优秀篇目在班里朗读或展出。这样,即巩固了所学的材料,又锻炼了学生的写作能力,同时还培养了学生的观察能力、思维能力

2、等等,达到“一石多鸟”的效果。 适用年级观察内容的选择，我本着先静后动，由近及远的原则，有目的、有计划的先安排与幼儿生活接近的，能理解的观察内容。随机观察也是不可少的，是相当有趣的，如蜻蜓、蚯蚓、毛毛虫等，孩子一边观察，一边提问，兴趣很浓。我提供的观察对象，注意形象逼真，色彩鲜明，大小适中，引导幼儿多角度多层面地进行观察，保证每个幼儿看得到，看得清。看得清才能说得正确。在观察过程中指导。我注意帮助幼儿学习正确的观察方法，即按顺序观察和抓住事物的不同特征重点观察，观察与说话相结合，在观察中积累词汇，理解词汇，如一次我抓住时机，引导幼儿观察雷雨，雷雨前天空急剧变化，乌云密布，我问幼儿乌云是什么样子

3、的，有的孩子说：乌云像大海的波浪。有的孩子说“乌云跑得飞快。”我加以肯定说“这是乌云滚滚。”当幼儿看到闪电时，我告诉他“这叫电光闪闪。”接着幼儿听到雷声惊叫起来，我抓住时机说：“这就是雷声隆隆。”一会儿下起了大雨，我问：“雨下得怎样?”幼儿说大极了，我就舀一盆水往下一倒，作比较观察，让幼儿掌握“倾盆大雨”这个词。雨后，我又带幼儿观察晴朗的天空，朗诵自编的一首儿歌：“蓝天高，白云飘，鸟儿飞，树儿摇，太阳公公咪咪笑。”这样抓住特征见景生情，幼儿不仅印象深刻，对雷雨前后气象变化的词语学得快，记得牢，而且会应用。我还在观察的基础上，引导幼儿联想，让他们与以往学的词语、生活经验联系起来，在发展想象力中发

4、展语言。如啄木鸟的嘴是长长的，尖尖的，硬硬的，像医生用的手术刀样，给大树开刀治病。通过联想，幼儿能够生动形象地描述观察对象。 高中二年级适用区域人教版区域课时时长（分钟）2课时知识点时间状语从句地点状语从句原因状语从句条件状语从句结果状语从句目的状语从句让步状语从句方式状语从句以here/ there等词开头的倒装以out /up/ away等词开头的倒装表方位的介词短语位于句首的倒装否定副词或连词置于句首的倒装Only+状语置于句首的倒装So/ such that位于句首的倒装让步状语从句中的倒装Notuntil置于句首的倒装以had /were/ should开头的倒装It强调主语It强调

5、宾语It强调状语It强调句的一般疑问句式和特殊疑问句式What引导的强调结构Notuntil句型的强调强调句与其他句型的区别教学目标知识：分辨不同状语从句的特点并掌握各状语从句的用法；分辨强调句以及强调句的特点并掌握各自的用法。方法：根据句意找出正确的状语从句连接词；根据倒装的关键点判断倒装类型，并结合句子时态做出正确选择；根据强调句的特点做出正确的判断，并得出答案。能力：提升学生对语法的整体认知和运用能力，规范状语从句、倒装以及强调句的正确使用。教学重点常见状语从句、倒装以及强调句用法的判断。教学难点倒装类型的判断以及强调句的识别和应用。教学过程一、导入【教学建议】导入有很多种方法，一般控制

6、在十分钟左右为宜，可以采用各种形式，比如：1、直接导入法。2、复习以往知识：可以从已学、已知的入手，与今天的教学进行对比。3、课前小测：可以针对学生学校近期讲授的内容进行出题（以简单题和中档题为主，以10分钟左右为宜）进行测验，也可以针对基础知识进行复习提问，检查学生学校所学内容的掌握程度，进而展开教学。4、以近年来发生的重大事件为题导入。既考查了学生从社会生活中获取信息的能力，又激发了学生的学习兴趣，让学生马上进入学习状态等。以上的导入方法只是建议，大家选择其中一种或两种进行交叉使用即可。1、让学生思考什么状语从句？可以从简单的例句入手，比如：I was very happy when I

7、heard from you .He remained there until she arrived. 分析划线部分，可以不难得出状语从句是在整个句子中充当状语成分的句子。2、导入状语从句的定义：在主从复合句中修饰主句的动词、形容词、副词等的从句叫状语从句，一般可分为：时间状语从句、地点状语从句、条件状语从句、原因状语从句、目的状语从句、结果状语从句、让步状语从句、方式状语从句。二、知识讲解知识点1 状语从句的类型1、列出八个例句，让学生进行思考并辨析：每个句子中的状语从句具体是什么状语？1) When I was young , I went to town by myself.2) Yo

8、u can go where you like.3) Although its raining, they are still working on the farm.4) She was afraid to move because a snake was lying beside her.5) You must do the experiment as I do.6) If you ask him, he will help you.7) We climb high so we can get a better view.8) She left home so hurriedly that

9、 she forgot her bag home.2、评价学生的判断并和学生一起分析这8个例句：1) When I was young , I went to town by myself.当我年轻的时候，我自己去镇里。When I was young在句中作时间状语，为时间状语从句。2) You can go where you like. 你可以去你喜欢的地方。where you like在句中作地点状语，为地点状语从句。3) Although its raining, they are still working on the farm. 虽然正在下雨，他们仍然在农场工作。Althoug

10、h its raining在句中作让步状语，为让步状语从句。4) She was afraid to move because a snake was lying beside her. 他害怕移动，因为在他旁边躺着一条蛇。because a snake was lying beside her在句中作原因状语，为原因状语从句5) You must do the experiment as I do. 你必须按照我做的那样去做这个实验。as I do在句子中作方式状语，为方式状语从句。6) If you ask him, he will help you. 如果你问他，它会帮助你的。If yo

11、u ask him在句中作条件状语，为条件状语从句。7) We climb high so we can get a better view.我们爬得很高以便于我们可以看到更好的景色。so we can get a better view在句中作目的状语，为目的状语从句。8) She left home so hurriedly that she forgot her bag home. 她离开家那么的匆忙以至于把包落在了家里。so hurriedly that she forgot her bag home在句中作结果状语，为结果状语从句。3、各状语从句的连接词： 时间状语从句：when,

12、while, as, before, after, until, notuntil, as soon as, hardlywhen, no soonerthan, since, every time, the moment地点状语从句：where, wherever条件状语从句： if, as long as, unless原因状语从句：because, for, since, as, now that目的状语从句：so that, in order that, in case结果状语从句：sothat, suchthat方式状语从句：as, as if/ though让步状语从句：altho

13、ugh, though, even if/ though, wh-+ever, no matter wh-知识点2 倒装完全倒装（整个谓语置于主语之前）1）here, there; up, down; in, out; away, off; now, then等副词位于句首例：Here comes the bus.车来了。2）表示地点的介词短语位于句首例：On the hill stands a big tree.在山上有一棵大树。注意：上述完全倒装的主语必须是名词，若为代词则不能倒装。【重点】部分倒装（将谓语中的情态动词、be动词或助动词放在主语之前） 句首为否定或半否定的词语，如never

14、, hardly, few, little So that置于句首 Only+状语置于句首 Notuntil置于句首 Not onlybut also Were/ should/ had置于句首知识点3 强调句基本结构：It is/ was +被强调部分+that/who（当强调部分为人时，可用who进行替换）例：It is you who help him a lot. 强调部分为主语。It is English that he learns at school.强调部分为宾语。It is in the hospital that you meet him. 强调部分为状语。强调句的一般疑问

15、句式（把is/ was提前）：例：Was it in the war that he died?他是在战争中死去的么？Is it Professor Wang who teaches you French?是王教授教你们法语么？强调句的特殊疑问句式（在一般疑问句前加特殊疑问词）：例：Who was it that broke the window? 是谁打破了窗户？When was it that you called me yesterday?昨天你是什么时候给我打的电话？三、例题精析【教学建议】此处内容主要用于教师课堂的精讲，每个题目结合试题本身、答案和解析部分，教师有的放矢的进行讲授或与

16、学生互动练习。例题1【题干】 - How long do you think it will be the market returns to normal?- At least one year, I guess.Awhen BbeforeCuntil Dafter【答案】 B【解析】 句意：你认为多上时间市场能恢复正常？我猜，至少一年。这里使用了固定句型“it will be + 一段时间+ before”，意思是“在之前有多长时间”。例题2【题干】 She looked after the orphan he were her own child.Aas if Beven thoughC

17、now that Din case【答案】 A【解析】 句意：他照料这个孤儿就像他是自己的孩子一样。此处as if 的意识是“好像”，引导方式状语从句。 例题3【题干】Not until the early years of the 19th century what heat is.Aman did know Bman know Cdidnt man know Ddid man know【答案】D【解析】看到not until句型，我们应知道此题为倒装句，所以答案在C和D里选，而现在将not已经提前了，故后面不需要否定词，答案为D。 例题4【题干】My good friend, Tom, c

18、ant finish so much work in such a short time he works hard day and night.Abecause BwhileCunless Das【答案】C【解析】句意：我的好朋友Tom不肯能在那么短的时间内完成这么多工作，除非他夜以继日地努力工作。根据句意可知应选C，意思是“除非”。例题5【题干】 At no time in the meeting room.Ais smoking permitted Bsmoking is permittedCsmoking is it permitted Ddoes smoking permit【答案】

19、 A【解析】 此题考查否定词位于句首的部分倒装。四 、课堂运用【教学建议】在对课堂知识讲解完，把握了重点突破了难点以及练习精讲了之后，再用练习进行课堂检测，根据学生情况建议分3个难度层次：易，中，难。基础用所给词的适当形式填空。1. to do the work, I should do it some other day.AIf were I BI wereCWere I DWas I【答案】C【解析】在虚拟条件状语中如果又were ，should，had这三个词，通常将If 省略，然后发生部分倒装。2. It was in London she first met John.Athat B

20、howCwhich Dwhen【答案】A【解析】此题考查强调句，强调地点状语，根据强调句的基本结构“it is/ wasthat”可知答案为A。3. _canyouexpecttogetapayrise. A. Withhardwork B.Althoughworkhard C.Onlywithhardwork D.Nowthatheworkshard【答案】C【解析】这是由only修饰介词短语引起的部分倒装，答案为C。 4. _,motherwillwaitforhimtohavedinnertogether. A. HoweverlateisheB.Howeverheislate C.Ho

21、weverishelateD.Howeverlateheis【答案】D【解析】状语从句的语序应是正常语序，故A、C排除，连词however后必须紧跟形容词或副词，D是正确答案。 5. Notuntilallthefishdiedintheriver,_howseriousthepollutionwas. A. didthevillagersrealize B.thevillagersrealized C.thevillagersdidrealize D.didntthevillagersrealize 【答案】A【解析】notuntil引导状语从句位于句首时，主句要倒装，答案为A。 巩固6.

22、Never in my life such a thing.A. I have heard of or seenB. I had heard of or seenC. have I heard of or seenD. did I hear of or seen【答案】C 【解析】Never放在句首，句子倒装，把完成时的助动词提前。7. Seldom TV during the day.A. they watch B. are they watching C. have they watchedD. do they watch【答案】D 【解析】seldom放在句首，句子倒装，此句应为一般现在

23、时。8. Not until his comrades criticized him to admit his mistake. A. does he beginB. did he beginC. began he D. had he begun【答案】B 【解析】Not until在句首，倒装，时态为过去时。9. Not only a promise, but also he kept it.A. did he make B. he madeC. does he makeD. has he made【答案】A 【解析】Not only 在句首，倒装，由后半句知，是过去时。10. Only w

24、hen thousands of flowers bloom together . A. spring will be considered hereB. could spring be considering hereC. can spring be considered hereD. spring can be considered here【答案】C 【解析】only修饰时间状语从句，主句倒装。拔高把下列句子改写成倒装句1. You will see so many seats only at a stadium in Beijing. 2. He only then became aw

25、are (意识到) of the dangers of the jungle. 3. You will be able to write a good report only after you have acquired the information you need. (Only)4. I have seldom seen a situation (情况) which made me so angry. (Seldom)5. He gave a lot of presents to his friends, but he has never given one to me. (Never

26、)6. We little realized the dangers that were awaiting us. （little）7. She is not only good at languages, but also at history and geography. (Not only)8. They not only took care of me, but (they) also treated me asif I were their own daughter.9. His price was so unreasonable that everybody was surpris

27、ed. (So unreasonable)10. I was so scared that I could not even scream. 【答案】1. Only at a stadium in Beijing will you see so many seats.2. Only then did he become aware of the dangers of the jungle.3. Only after you have acquired the information you need will you be able to write . 4. Seldom have I se

28、en a situation (情况) which made me so angry5. He gave a lot of presents to his friends, but never has he given one to me6. Little did we realize the dangers that were awaiting us7. Not only is she good at languages, but also at history and geography.8. Not only did they take care of me, but (they) al

29、so treated me asif I were daughter.9. So unreasonable was his price that everybody was surprised.10. So scared was I that I could not even scream.课堂小结【教学建议】此处内容主要用于教师对本节课重点内容进行总结，一方面是对本节课的重点难点内容的回顾，更重要的是针对这节课学生出现的问题再次进行复习提问等，以达到让学生课上掌握的目的，同时可以对下节课内容进行简单的铺垫，以体现出本节课内容与下节课内容之间的关系。本节课重点学习了状语从句，倒装以及强调句的知

30、识。要求学生们通过本堂课的学习能够熟练的掌握常见的几种状语从句，完全倒装、部分倒装，以及强调句的用法。除此之外，要注意倒装中与虚拟语气的结合，以及强调句中与其他从句的结合，通过大量的练习达到一定的熟练度。课后作业 【教学建议】教师根据学生掌握情况有针对性的进行课后作业的布置，掌握好的同学可以适当的布置难度大一些的作业，成绩一般的同学可以以基础题和巩固题目为主，但是一定要控制作业的数量，给学生布置的作业一般不要超过5题，这样学生才能保证做题的质量。基础1. Onlybypracticingafewhourseveryday_beabletowastemuchtime. A. youcanB.ca

31、nyouC.youwillD.willyou 【答案】D。【解析】Only修饰介词短语时，主句需要倒装2. Notuntiltheearlyyearsofthe19thcentury_whatheatis. A. mandidknowB.manknew C.didntmanknowD.didmanknow 【答案】D。【解析】由notuntil引导的倒装，通常主倒从不倒。3. _gotintotheroom,_thetelephonerang. A. Hehardly;thenB.Hardlyhadhe;when C.Hehadnot;thanD.Nothadhe;when 【答案】B。【解析

32、】hardly.when和nosooner.than是两个固定句型，前半部分置于句首，其后分句要倒装。 4._snacksanddrinks,buttheyalsobroughtcardsforentertainmentwhentheyhadapicnicintheforest. A.Notonlytheybrought B.Notonlydidtheybring C.Notonlybroughtthey D.Notonlytheydidbring 【答案】B。 【解析】not only引起部分到装时，如果句子的谓语没有助动词或情态动词，则需添加助动词do, does或did，并将其置于主语之

33、前。5. IdontthinkIcanwalkanyfurther. _,Letsstophereforarest. A. NeithercanI B.NeitherdoI C.IdidntthinksoD.Ithinkso 【答案】B。 【解析】本句是由neither引导的部分倒装。巩固1. _ he got closer, he found another vehicle upside down on the road. A. Since B. Although C. As D. If 【答案】C.【解析】句意：当他走进一些的时候，发现另外一辆车翻倒在路上。该句为as引导的时间状语从句，2

34、. Larry told her that he had already put out the fire and she should not move_ she injured her neck. A. as if B. unless C. in case D. after 【答案】C. 【解析】句意：Larry 告诉她他已经把火扑灭了，她不应该移动，以防伤到她的脖子。考查的in case 引导的结果状语从句。In case 意思为以防万一。3. Though not very big, but the restaurant is popular in our area.(短文改错)【答案

35、】把but 去掉。【解析】though 和but不能同时出现。本句是though 引导的状语状语从句。4. _ the population grew, people began cutting food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly.(语法填空)【答案】As/when .【解析】该题是时间状语从句，句意为随着人口的增加，人们开始把食物切成小块，因此它做起来也快了很多。拔高1._ it cried, she rocked it back and forth and gave it little comforting pats.

36、【答案】If/When.【解析】句意为如果它哭的话/当他大哭的时候，他的妈妈就会来回摇晃他，轻轻的拍着他。从文章语境，从句做条件和时间状语都可以。2._ the average age of the population increases, there are more and more old people to care for.【答案】 As 【解析】随着人都的增加，这里有越来越多的人需要被照顾。考查状语从句。3._ she could react, I gave her a big hug and she didnt need to keep a secret from me.【答案

37、】 Before.【解析】句意为 她还没来 得及反应，我就给她了一个大大的拥抱，而且她不需要在我面前保守秘密。考查的是时间状语，before本意是在.之前，句中为还没来得及.4._online shopping has changed our life, not all of its effects have been positive.【答案】Although/though/while.【解析】句意为尽管网上购物改变了我们的生活，但是并不是所有带来的效应都是积极的。引导让步状语从句，故用although/though/while.5.My grandfather still plays te

38、nnis now and then,_ hes in his nineties.【答案】Even though/even if .【解析】句意为即使我爷爷已经九十多瑞了，但是他仍然还时不时的打打网球。考查的是让步状语从句。6.I really enjoy listening to music_ it helps me relax and takes my mind away from other cares of the day.【答案】Because. 【解析】句意为我非常喜欢听音乐，因为他能让我放松。考查的原因状语从句，用because.当然也可以用in that.7.Had the governments and scientists not worked together ,AIDS-related deaths would not _ （fall） since their highest in 2019. 【答案】have fallen.【解析】本题考查的是省略if的虚拟语气，句意是“如果政府和科学家不共同努力，艾滋病相关的死亡就不会从2019年的最高点下降。”if省略时要把were、had、should提前。那么根据前面的动词形式“had.done”及句意，可证明该句与过去事实相反，所以主句应为“would have done”，故该空填第 13 页