超级详细国际音标讲解.ppt

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1、国际音标,元音和辅音的定义：发音时声带振 动，呼出的气流通过口腔时不受阻碍，这样形成的语音称为元音。不论声带振动与否，发音时呼出的气流通过口腔或鼻腔时受到一定的阻碍，这样形成的语音称为辅音。发音时声带不振动的辅音称为清辅音。发音声带振动的辅音称为浊辅音。,元音音标学习,元音概述：元音是有噪音的语音。形成元音时，声带振动，气流经由咽腔和口腔逸出时，不受到任何阻碍，没有可以听得到的摩擦声。英语里共有20个元音（单元音1个，双元音个）。元音之间的差异，是由发音时各发音器官所采取的不同位置形成的。所谓“不同位置”，指的是舌头的高低与前后，牙床的开合程度，以及唇形的大小和圆扁。但其中决定的因素是舌头的位

2、置：舌头是在口腔的前部、中部或者后部，决定所发的音是前元音、中元音还是后元音；舌身隆起的高度以及舌的哪一部分隆起最高，决定发出的元音是开口元音、半开元音、合口元音、还是半合元音。牙床开合的程度是由舌位的高低所决定的，而双唇的圆扁和大小对形成不同的元音也有相当的影响。因此，描述一个元音的发音部位，主要是描述它的舌位和唇形。,元音音标学习,Lesson 1,元音i:i:学习,元音i:I:学习,i:发这个音的字母和字母组合e ea ee e:me be she he we evening ee:sweet bee sweep sheep see sleep three green ea:meat l

3、eaf sea pea teach eat clean根据发音规则，圈出下列单词中元音字母组合发音相同的两个词。1.seat rain bean cat 2.gift feet teacher dog 3.pig star tree jeep 4.sweet sea fish the,i 发这个音的字母和字母组合i e y ey ay i:pig fish in fifteen six ship thin e:begin behind jacket basketball y:happy heavy busy lorry carry sunny lovely study thirsty twen

4、ty thirty windy rainy snowy ey:monkey money ay:Sunday Saturday Friday 根据发音规则，圈出每组中元音字母发音不相同的单词。1.sofa sit kick lip 2.ink gift jam ship 3.hand picture big sister 4.hot lick pig jelly,:发这个音的字母和字母组合er ir ur ear or er:her serve term ir:bird girl skirt first dirty skirt shirt ur:nurse Thursday turtle pur

5、ple curtain ear:early learn or:word work world根据发音规则，圈出每组中元音字母组合发音相同的单词。1.thirty beer thirsty wheat 2.bank king her nurse 3.turtle bird rabbit knee 4.room run shirt term,发这个音的字母和字母组合ure er ar or a e ure:picture er:teacher brother dinner father sister mother ar:sugar or:doctor a:panda about above cam

6、era sofa China根据发音规则，找出发的2个单词写在后面的横线上。1.mother sofa road smile 2.sit father sister food 3.hair deer tiger China 4.sugar soon ear leader,音标i:i:练习1.找出下列没有相同发音的词。()hefeet bread green()pig is dog ship()thirtybird her food()shebig in money()sweetsfish teacher we()teachersisteraboutgirl()tigerfirstworkshi

7、rt()treebeancleanchin()fatherdoctorskirt china()happyseasitpicture2.读音标写单词。bi:b:d si:swi:t bizi h:dkt sist li:f hi:3.连线。meat:thirsty i:driver animal i:,Lesson 2,音标:u:u学习,音标:u:u学习,:发这个音的字母和字母组合a aw al or oor a:water aw:draw strawberry al:ball wall or:horse corn fork or short oor:floor door根据发音规则，找出发:

8、的1个单词写在后面的横线上。1.tall bird bread poor 2.idea chair sport hare 3.cake bear walk cup 4.drink short bag milk,发这个音的字母和字母组合o a o:fox coffee dog shop dog doctor long a:watch 根据发音规则，找出发:的2个单词写在后面的横线上。1.doctor teacher box clothes 2.cold zoo clock dog 3.love boss lot violin 4.watch beach fox girl,u:发这个音的字母和字母

9、组合o oo ui o:do who whose oo:food moon too ui:fruit juice u:ruler rude 根据发音规则，找出不发u:的单词。1.juice moon zoo panda 2.tooth broom eye spoon 3.head boot noodles pool 4.noon cool boot watch,u发这个音的字母和字母组合o oo u o:woman wolf oo:look good book foot wood u:bull bullet根据发音规则，选出与其它单词元音发音不相同的单词。1.mouth book look p

10、ull 2.push tape sugar foot 3.wood kind wolf bull 4.bullet wood cook name,音标:u:u练习一抄写音标，一个抄写10遍,一边抄写一边读。u：u:：:：_ 二找出下列没有相同发音的词。()moonfood eat fruit()truebookwoodlook()foursmallwalk bird()gotclockshopshirt()busfootpush book()lostball long ox()rulerdog mooncake blue()bigship horse it,四.写出单词或音标。bru:m d:

11、sit b:d fut wi:dg sist look do water good too foot clock first work sister doctor sea五.将下列单词与正确的音标用线连起来。hotblu:footballhuk blueki:s hookfutb:l kissht,Lesson 3,音标a:e 练习,音标a:e 练习,a:发这个音的字母和字母组合a ar au ear a:grass glass class plant dance fast father last ar:car star arm March garden dark scarf au:laugh

12、 aunt ear:heart根据发音规则，圈出发a:的2个单词。1.arm lip doctor card 2.cloud cart garden gate 3.ball scarf dark tiger 4.job lorry March park,发这个音的字母和字母组合o u oo ou o:son come colour love money u:sun nut jump gum bus brush supper us ou:touch cousin country根据发音规则，找出每组中发的单词。1.hear cup bed air 2.voice boy duck ant 3.v

13、ase corn bear gun 4.cute boy money her,发这个音的字母和字母组合a a:dad cap cat bad apple bag flag hand rabbit ant black fat has stand rat map根据发音规则，找出每组中发的单词。1.rat bed face sport 2.hear cup fat pear 3.rice bat finger tree 4.sea young knife apple,e 发这个音的字母和字母组合e ea e:egg bell desk leg pet ten pen ea:bread head b

14、reakfast根据发音规则，找出每组中不发e的单词。1.cat well leg pen 2.sweat map pet elephant 3.egg ten tall desk 4.bread head bed toy,音标a:e 练习一抄写音标，一个抄写5遍。a:：e：_二选出下列没有相同发音的词。()1.car arm food garden()2.true jump bus cut()3.bag short map flag()4.egg pen head small()5.got clock bell dog()6.rabbit book wood foot()7.rat bat

15、apple ten()8.gun star duck moneg三.写出单词或音标。pa:st ru:m swet sit ft gt cp sh:t bag car bus bread star head,四.选出下列每题中元音有几种读音，有一种读音的在（）里画,有两种读音的画,有三种的画()1.hat fast cook last()2.jeep door sun gum()3.dad cap hand map()4.star car cut from()5.skirt sheep bird her 五.改变下列单词的一个字母,使它变成另一个单词 like_(交通工具)hat _(动物)l

16、ake _(食品)nice _(数字)hot _(用品)well _(用品),Lesson 4,元音音标ei ai i au练习,音标ei ai i au练习,ei 发这个音的字母和字母组合a ai ay a:cake make name game snake gate lazy ai:rain train wait ay:day May play today way 根据发音规则，圈出下列单词中发音不一样的单词。1.face wave sheep tail 2.grape plane name coat 3.time tape train snake 4.rain soap cake tra

17、in,ai 发这个音的字母和字母组合i y ie uy i:kite bike nice tiger write knife y:by cry fly my sky try why ie:tie pie uy:buy根据发音规则，找出每组中发ai的2个单词.1.rice good jam right 2.ship mine ice-cream mouse 3.cloud sit tie eye 4.write small tennis kite,i 发这个音的字母和字母组合oi oy oi:oil boil coin corn oy:boy toy根据发音规则，找出每组中发i的2个单词.1.s

18、oil hear soy cold 2.rabbit bed boy noise 3.walk voise boil word 4.tea enjoy toy milk,au 发这个音的字母和字母组合ou ow ou:house mouse mouth trousers ow:flower cow how now down根据发音规则，选出不发au的单词。1mouse cloud arm clown 2.teacher trousers cow mouth 3.town dance flower house 4.tower blouse now baby,音标ei ai i au练习一抄写音标

19、，一个抄写5遍。ei：ai：i：au：_ 二.选出下列没有发相同发音的词()1.cake egg rain May()2.kite cry broom fly()3.boy joy cat kate noise()4.blouse sun cow house()5.tower flower mouth arm三.读音标,将下列单词补充完整或写出字母，单 词的音标。klaud set kin kr:s c_ _ _d s_ _ c_ _n cr_ _s flg trein desk smail f_ _g tr_ _n d_ _ _ s_ _leAa Kk Ii Yy hi hey boy co

20、w nowtoy bike house mycake face how nice,四.把下列单词下正确的音标连接起来 bow bau gate pai tray geit pie trei poison pizn五.看图、填空、标号h_t s_n e_ _s_ r r_l_ _ c_k_ m_ _th,Lesson 5,元音音标u i e u的练习,音标u i e u的练习,u 发这个音的字母和字母组合o oa ow o:nose rose poem over oa:boat coat soap goat ow:show window snow bowl 根据发音规则，圈出每组中发u的2个单词

21、。1coat goat tree river 2.make window knife road 3.your white row coat 4.boat hen nose lamp,i 发这个音的字母和字母组合ear eer ear:ear hear tear dear eer:deer beer根据发音规则，圈出每组中发i的1个单词。1.bear beer fair tail 2.noodles pair near come 3.horse near tower air 4.ring king here three,e 发这个音的字母和字母组合air ear air:air hair cha

22、ir pair ear:pear bear wear根据发音规则，圈出每组中发e的1个单词。1.bear idea pineapple tail 2.noodles pair climb come 3.horse house tower air 4.ring king hare three,u 发这个音的字母和字母组合oor our ure oor:poor our:tour ure:sure pure根据发音规则，圈出每组中发u的1个单词。1.clear tourist pineapple tail 2.noodles pair climb fury 3.beard cure tower a

23、ir 4.voice king pure engineer,音标u i e u的练习一抄写音标，一个抄写5遍。u：i：e：u：_ 二.选出下列没有相同发音的词。()1.mouth coat goat window()2.dear beer cake teacher()3.pair boy air hare()4.poor tour Europe cry()5.boat bike side fly三.写出单词或音标。nuz said i kau pe pu bt wu:d go ear photo deer near nose hear五.把下列单词与音标用线连起来。ruz theater it

24、 rose skwe tour tu square pleisiz places,Practice,review,i:I can see the deep green sea.i Why does Lily go out with Jim and not him?,:The nurse put her pearl in her purse.My mother and my sister like the new shopping center.,:Paul plays basketball.My mom likes to shop,she shops until she stops.,u:Yo

25、u look so cool.uWheres the cook book?Please take a look.,a:Our game of darts is starting.Father and son are flying kites in the sun.,An apple is good after a nap.eMy hen likes to lay ten fresh eggs everyday.,eiIt is a rainy day.ai I like to fly my kite in a quiet place.,i Boys and girls like new toy

26、s.They will bring many joys.auI got a cat to chase the mouse,now I hear“meow meow”around the house.,u Rose likes ice-cream in a cone,but never when shes home alone.i Tom has one bad ear,you must speak loud and clear.,e Beware of the hare in the yard,he glares and stares very hard.uI love tours of Eu

27、ropean places.,音节(Syllables):音节是包含一个元音或一个元音跟别的辅音结合而成的发音单位。在英语中元音特别响亮,一个元音可以构成一个音节,如：I;一个元音和一个或几个元音或辅音音素也可以构成一个音节,如：go,bed,lamp,stand。一般来说,元音可以构成音节,辅音不响亮,不能构成音节。,A.音节的种类:(A)开音节(Open syllables):分绝对开音节和相对开音节两种。a.绝对开音节：就是在元音字母后面没有辅音字母的音节,如:no,she,me等（无声的e 除外）。,b.相对开音节：就是在元音字母后面有辅音字母（r 除外）,还有一个无声的字母 e,如:

28、take,bike,note,mute等(have 例外)。,不论是绝对开音节还是相对开音节,读音的规则就是发其中元音字母的名称音。,元音字母在重读开音节或重读相对开音节中读元音字母本身的音：元音字母 读音 例词 读音 a/ei/a/ei/e/i:/me/mi:/I/ai/I/ai/o/u/no/nu/u/ju:/cue/kju:/,exercise,(B)闭音节(Close syllables):元音字母后面有辅音字母（r除外）时,这个元音字母构成的音节叫做闭音节。它的读音规则是:a读作/;at,cat,shall;e 读作/e/;desk,best;i 读作/i/;sit,pig pick

29、;o读作/;hot,knock;u读作/,up,cut,duck,元音字母在重读闭音节中的常用读音：元音字母 读音 例词 读音 a/man/mn/e/e/men/men/I/i/bit/bit/o/hot hot-pot/h t/u/u/put/put/,(C)-r 音节：元音字母与辅音字母 r 结合，构成ar,er,ir,or,ur音节。在-r音节中,ar读作/:/,如：car,far,park,star,large,farmer,target,carpet,carpenter,carbon(例外：war,warm,warp,Mary);or读作/:/,如:short,horse,north

30、,sport,normal,forward(例外:word,work,worm,world);er,ir,ur都读作/:/,如：her,verb,term,serve,stern,certain(例外：clerk,very,Derby);girl,bird,first,shirt,skirt,firm;fur,hurt,burn,turn,nurse,further,curtain。,有一点要注意：在双音节或多音节的词中,r 如果是双写,r 前的元音字母在重读音节中按闭音节的读音规则发音,例如：marry/,merry/e/,mirror/i/,sorry/,hurry/。,(D)-re音节：

31、元音字母与辅音字母组合-re 结合，构成are,ere,ire,ore,ure音节。在-re音节中,are 读作/,如：care,dare,hare,rare stare,square;ere读作/i/或/,如：mere,here;there,where(例外：were)；ire读作/ai/,如：fire,tire,hire;ore读作/:/,如：more,sore,wore,store;ure读作/ju/或/u/,如：pure,cure,manure;sure。,a/i/village/e/any many/catch match fact happy marry/a:/pass glass

32、 demand advance/what wash swallow want watch/agree ahead admire attend/ei/take make table case behave able late,！,ai/e/said/ei/wait rain train raise grain ar/a:/arm garden march smart harmful/:/war warm warn/calendar polar/e/area vary various au/a:/aunt laugh/:/taught caught naught fault ay/e/says/e

33、i/may way play stay,e/i:/me we he equal scene/i/pretty English England/e/egg effect check enter never gentle accept ee/i:/see indeed breeze succeed/i/coffee committee ea/i:/eat beat neat real defeat/e/spread/i/idea real ly realize/ei/break great,eer/i/beer cheer deer career ear/a:/heart/i/ear near c

34、lear fear hear/e/bear tear wear/:/earth heard search ei/i:/seize receive ceiling/ei/eight neighbor reign,i/i:/police ski machine/i/it fit pig miss kiss fill picnic/ai/nice like wife advice dive prize wise tidy igh/ai/high night ir/:/bird first birthday ie/i:/yield piece field believe/i/carried worri

35、ed ladies/e/friend,o/i/women/copy offer block college possible/u/woman wolf/u:/who do lose dove movement/son come compass government/method Europe second/u/notice bone devote hero host,oo/:/door/u/good wood book woolen football/u:/fool spoon cool tooth choose/flood blood oa/:/broad board/u/road boat

36、 coat coach ow/knowledge/u/know bowl slow low flow follow/au/now how town tower,.,ou/cough/:/bought brought course/touch trouble couple double/famous/au/loud house shout south outer mouth about/u/tour tourist/u/soul shoulder though although,u/i/busy/e/bury/u/push pull helpful bullet careful/u:/rude

37、June revolutionary pollution/sun adult culture custom,ui/u:/fruit juice/i/build guilt ue/u:/blue cruelty true ur/:/turn church furniture further/surprise survive/u/fury jury assurance,英语辅音(English consonants)(共28个）,辅音的特点：辅音是气流从肺中压出后受唇、齿、咽喉等发音器官阻碍的结果。辅音有清浊之分,发音时声带震动的是浊音，不震动的是清音。,Lesson 6,辅音音标p b t d练

38、习,辅音音标p b t d练习,p 发这个音的字母和字母组合p pp p:piano panda parrot pet ship sheep pig stop pp:apple happy 根据发音规则，圈出没有发p的单词。1.ship phone sleep pear 2.pick pen big pineapple 3.taxi parrot sheep pig 4.panda pony pet truck,b 发这个音的字母和字母组合b bb b:book ball bird big boy bag banana bb:rubber rabbit cabbage根据发音规则，圈出发b的2

39、个单词。1.cab gift beach love 2.pet god tub bed 3.weather boy bus make 4.rabbit read dress baby,t 发这个音的字母和字母组合 t tt t:table tea taxi cat rat fat ticket Tt:butter matter根据发音规则，圈出没有发t的1个单词。1.taxi fat bag toy 2.hat ticket tea duck 3.pocket packet cat rain,d 发这个音的字母和字母组合d ed d:duck seed door desk day red he

40、ad bed read cold ed:smiled opened played根据发音规则，圈出没有发d的1个单词。1.bed clothes hand 2.dog cold five 3.dance duck grape,音标p b t d练习一抄写音标，一个抄写5遍。p：b：t：d：_ 二.选出下列没有相同发音的词()1.pear ship coat pig()2.taxi bean cab cabbage()3.hat sea ticket wallet()4.seed dance hand full()5.pick pen sit pineapple()6.cold find doo

41、r chair()7.cloth purple pool push()8.eat fan quiet set三.写出单词或音标。pnd kt di:p klaud apple pear rabbit read四.改变下列单词的一个字母，使它变成另一个单词。short_(衣物)sea_（感官动词）pet _(蔬菜)ten_(动物),Lesson 7,辅音音标k g s z学习,辅音音标k g s z学习,k发这个音的字母和字母组合c k ck c:cap cook cup car can class k:cook milk key desk kite cake ck:clock sock coc

42、k neck从下列单词中找出一个发sk的单词。1.cake car desk neck 2.mask rock ink clock 3.disk truck silk duck,g发这个音的字母和字母组合g gg g:glass golf get girl bag goat flag gg:egg 根据发音规则，圈出发g的单词。gas drive gum give violin bag jeans orange log bridge guess tank grade long language,s发这个音的字母和字母组合s c ss ce s:star sun snake sea see c:

43、pencil city cedar ceiling celebrate ss:grass glass class boss ce:face race rice nice根据发音规则，圈出每组中2个发s的单词。1.whose juice lick student 2.those case scarf shoes 3.space nose science meat 4.tears piece bus nose,z发这个音的字母和字母组合z s se z:zero zebra zoo s:photos sisters beds sons se:nose rose根据发音规则，圈出每组中2个发z的单词

44、。1.zoo freeze lick case 2.game play busy shoes 3.dog nose rose meat 4.tears peanut eagle zero,音标k g s z的练习,一抄写音标，一个抄写5遍。k：g：s：z：_ 二.将下列没有相同发音的词找出来()1.car stay neck clock()2.gas give drive bag()3.sea boss rice cook()4.lick zoo rose zero()5.tears freeze desk busy三.写出单词或音标。rais nuz sneik gra:s _ _ _ _

45、glf gla:s kk ki:_ _ _ _ leg cake rice mouse _ _ _ _ nose bag get kite_ _ _ _,四.把下列单词与音标用线连接起来。socks gigl giggle gust ghost sks face ti:z cheese feis五.根据翻译提示。（1）Daisy is the desk on dancing Miss._Daisy 小姐正在桌子上跳舞。（2）name sneik is My._我的名字叫做蛇。（3）a bi:Im busy._我是一只忙碌的小蜜蜂。,Lesson 8,辅音音标 3 t d3练习,辅音音标 3 t

46、 d3练习,发这个音的字母和字母组合s sh s:sugar sure sh:ship sheep wash cash shop she根据发音规则，圈出下列单词中发的2个单词。1.shell ship watch desk 2.truck shirt skirt ship 3.brush carrat sheep sleep 4.hero shape street shelf,3发这个音的字母和字母组合s s:television,usually,Asia measure,unusual;decision;pleasure根据发音规则，圈出下列单词中发3的2个单词。1.shell ship

47、garage desk 2.truck shirt pleasure ship 3.brush casual sheep sleep 4.hero shape leisure shelf,t发这个音的字母和字母组合ch tch ch:teacher peach cherry chair tch:watch match 根据发音规则,找出下列单词中发t的单词，并抄下来。chair dumpling beach cheese night she monkey China church these flower egg dream shark chick catch,d3发这个音的字母和字母组合g

48、j dge g:ginger giraffe j:jump job jam ge:orange cabbage cage根据发音规则,圈出下列单词中发d3的单词。egg giraffe dragon grass cabbage job gift gate orange drug jeans gun,音标 3 t d3练习一抄写音标，一个抄写5遍。：3：t：d3：_ 二.选出下列具有相同发音的单词。()1.shell watch ship see()2.shell pleasure sick treasure()3.chair China Monkey dream()4.job gift doo

49、r cabbage()5.grass chick start jeans三.写出单词或音标。d3m pi:t ip w _ _ _ _ fish sheep she catch _ _ _ _ peach chick shoes watch_ _ _ _,Lesson 9,音标f v 的练习,音标f v 的练习,f发这个音的字母和字母组合f ff ph gh f:five fan flower fish four leaf ff:giraffe ph:phone elephant photo gh:laugh选出下列单词中不发f的单词，写在横线上。knife flower foot fish

50、pick get photo giraffe laugh leaf,v发这个音的字母和字母组合v ve v:video vase vest violin ve:five love根据发音规则,在不发v的单词上打 violin move vote window van volcano white woman victory wet wave vase,摩擦辅音/f/v/,fastfewleafproofsafesurf,vastviewleaveprovesaveserve,He works hard as if he never knew fatigue.It is very difficul