必修三 4.7 unit 4 astronomyU4 M3.ppt

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1、新课标人教版课件系列,高中英语必修3-4.7,Unit 4 Astronomy:the science of the stars,How Life Began on the Earth,Period 1,Science Subjects,PhysicsChemistryBiologyGeology Mathematics,MedicineBiochemistryGeophysicsAstronomy,Astronomy is the scientific study of the universe and the heaven bodies(such as the sun,the moon,a

2、nd stars),gas,and dust within it.,astronomer,The Big Bang,The Solar system,eight planets many comets other objects,Water Air Life,Water is the headspring of life.,?,A cloud of dustCombine into a solid ballExplodewith fire&rock(produce H2O,CO2,O2,N2,other gases),atmosphere,Cool down,water appeared,di

3、ssolve harmful gases into,Life began,Life developed,The development of life,A cloud of dust a solid ball presence of water on the water shellfish&other fish plants begin to grow on dry land insects and amphibians appear retiles appear dinosaurs appear mammals appear,The development of life,insects a

4、nd amphibians appear,retiles appear,dinosaurs appear,mammals appear,Good morning/afternoon,I am Dr.Im greatly honored to be here to give you a speech about the development of life.,What problems have been caused by humans to the earth?,How to protect the earth and make it a better place to live on?,

5、Design an activity on Earth Day,What the activity is about Why the activity is designed When and where to do the activity Who takes part in the activity What to be done in the activity,Homework Search the Internet for the information of the development of life.2.Read and learn good words,phrases or

6、structures from Reading.,Period 2 Using Language&Reading Task,the natural force that causes an object to move toward the centre of the earth.,Gravity,Isaac Newton,Albert Einstein,Stephen Hawking,Gravity,I heard about how three men made mistakes when they tried to describe gravity.I heard about how t

7、hree men wanted to find out about the beginning of the universe.I heard about how the idea of gravity has developed over a long period of time.I heard about three scientists and their work.,Main idea,1642-1727,1879-1955,1942-,Everything is affected by a force called gravity,Gravity is connected to t

8、ime and space,“Black holes”“eat”objects but also“spit”them out.,It was only about the earth.,It was about the universe.,It was about things found in the universe called“black holes”.,A visit to the moon,On the moon,The change of gravity,In space,Very strong,Very heavy,Disappeared,Floated weightlessl

9、y,Very light,The mass will be less,Leave the earth,Last month I visited the moon with my friend.Before we left,I was told the force of g_ would change three times on our journey.Then we took off.As we left the earth,I became very h_.Gradually the weight l_.When I was in space,it d_.We f_ weightlessl

10、y in the cabin and I c_ _.When I was on the moon,I was surprised to find out even walking needs lots of practice n_ _ gravity changed.The returning of the earth was very f_.We were amazed to watch fire b_ _ on the outside of the ship.,gravity,heavy,lessened,disappeared,floated,cheered up,now that,fr

11、ightening,break out,A black hole,About us,About the black hole,About others,Circle of lights,Large stars,Like a mouth,In shock and amazement,Light went out Computers stopped working,Feel sickMy mouth dryClose my eyes,Spaceship not move,I was bumped and bangedable to look,Spit objects out,Pull us int

12、o its mouth,Jumped again,increase its speed as fast as light,like a bird,Jump and went fasterMy watch slower,exciting,Computer began to work again,turn away,Homework1.Search for more about the black hole.2.Read these two passages again to find out how to organize a story.,Period3 Listening task,talk

13、ing,listening and writing,C.To make the Hubble telescope work again.,Why did Li Yanping have his first space walk?,A.To collect data for his research on gravity.,B.To test the function of the new spacesuit.,C.To make the Hubble telescope work again.,How to cool you,How to breathe,Problems,What to ea

14、t,What to dress,1.Oxygen can,2.Water system,3.Gravity boots,4.Left engine,5.Right engine,6.Tool kit,Please look at/listen to Please check that You needPlease pay attention to Dont forget to Youd betterMake sure you Watch out for You must(nt),The manned spacecrafts Shenzhou 5&6,Oct.15,2003,Oct.12,200

15、5,Yang Liwei,21 hours and 23 minutes,5 days,video,Fei Junlong Nei Haisheng,Interview,Mr.Renault,Yang Liwei became an astronaut by chance.Nobody over 170cm can be an astronaut.Yang Liwei trained for 10 years to become a pilot.If Yang Liwei had problems in space,there were ways to save him.China is th

16、e third country to send people into space just like Russia and the USA.Yang Liwei thinks he was lucky to be Chinas first man in space.,T,True OR False,F,F,T,T,T,Excellent degree and 10 years training,Pilot for the air force of the PLA,Smaller than 170 cm;less than 70 kg,Calm,mature,hard-working,What

17、 have you learnt from the great scientist?What qualities should a scientist have?,What should you do now in preparation for becoming an astronaut or scientist?,Writing,Brainstorming for writing,What will we meet on the moon?,when,where,what,who,problems,Solution,How to write an outline?,Outline(main

18、 idea),The first paragraph(introduction),Body(your own ideas on the item),Conclusion(summing up),heading,Homework Search more information on Shenzhou 5&6.2.Read and learn important words or phrases learnt in class.,Grammar:,Period 4,Subject clause,Can you find the following sentence in the reading p

19、assage?,In this sentence,a noun clause is used as the subject.,What it was to become was a mystery until the dust began to slowly combine into a ball moving around the sun.,Please pick out three more sentences with subject clauses from the reading passage.,1.because it was not clear whether the soli

20、d shape was to last or not.,2.What scientists think is that the earth was different because of,3.Whether life will continue on the earth for millions of years to come will depend on,P64 USING STRUCTURE,Do you know where we come from?How did the universe begin?Read the passage and try to understand h

21、ow Stephen Hawking solved the problems?,What has attracted Stephen Hawking all his life?Does he think it simple to answer the questions?Whats his opinion?What have we discovered about the universe,past and present?How can we have a complete picture of the universe?,What the universe is like has attr

22、acted him.,No.The answers have always well beyond our reach.,Milky Way galaxy;billions of galaxies,in a universe that is infinite and expanding;big bang;black hole;a dark matter;a possible Big Crunch.,Learning to understand what we see.,_ the universe is like has attracted Stephen Hawking all his li

23、fe._ is clear and simple about the universe has always seemed too difficult for us to answer._ the universe exists the way it does is a major question to all those who have looked at stars like Hawking._ has developed over two thousand years of observation has to be greatly revised._ in the universe

24、 we live is not the centre,but one of the mine planets orbiting the sun,which is just one of millions of stars in our own Milky Way galaxy.,What,What,Why,What,where,6._ we understand the universe is the time when we human beings will have answered all the questions.7._ we can have a complete picture

25、 of the universe depends on learning to understand what we see.8._ Hawking wants to tell us in this text is that we should study the universe,and understand it.,When,How,What,做主语用的名词性从句，因其在复合句中做主语，又称主语从句，引导主语从句的有从属连词that,whether，连接代词who,what,which，连接副词when,where,how,why等。,1.连接词：,1）从属连词：that，whether等

26、.that 引导主语从句只起引导作用，本身无实际意义，在主语从句中不充当任何成分，但不能省略。,That she left him cut him to the heart.That he will come is certain.,2)连接代词who，what，which,whatever,whichever,whoever,What seems easy to some people seems difficult to others.Which side will win is not clear.,由whether及其他连词引导的主语从句放在句首，句后都可。,Whether it wi

27、ll please them is not easy to say.Whether shes coming or not doesnt matter too much.,3)连接副词when，where，how，why等。,Why he did it remains a mystery.When they will start is not known yet.How he became a great scientist is known to us all.,2.位置：主语从句可以前置，也可以后置。用it做形式主语，而把主语从句放在句末，常用下面几种句型。,1）It+be+表语+主语从句表

28、语：（名词，形容词，过去分词）,It is certain that she will do well in her exam.It is true that I told her everything.,It is a pity that we cant go.It is no surprise that our team should have won the game.It is an honour that I was invited to attend the meeting.,It is said that Mr.Green has arrived in Beijing.It is

29、 reported that China has sent another manmade earth satellite into orbit.,2）It+不及物动词或短语+主语从句It seemed(happened,doesnt matter,has turned out)that,It happens that they were absent.It seems that Alice is not coming to the party at all.,It doesnt matter whether she will come or not.It makes no differenc

30、e where we shall have the meeting.,3)It+及物动词（被动语态）+主语从句,It has been decided that the exhibition will not open on Sundays.,注意:,1）主语从句在句首时，必须由连接词引导，不能省略这些连接词；但是如果用it做形式主语，而把主语从句放在句末时，从属连词that可以省略。,误：They should like each other is natural.正：That they should like each other is natural.正：It is natural th

31、at they should like each other.,2)如果主语从句放在句首，不能用if引导，但是如果用it 做形式主语，而把主语从句放在句末时，也可以用if引导.,误：If Mary really heard him is really doubtful.正：It was doubtful if Mary really heard him.,1.I have always been honest and straightforward,and it doesnt matter _that Im talking to.A.who is it B.who it is C.it is

32、who D.it is whom,2.It is pretty well understood _ controls the flow of carbon dioxide in and out the atmosphere today.A.that B.when C.what D.how,3._ made the school proud was_ more than 90 of the students had been admitted to key universities.A.What;because B.What;thatC.That;what D.That;because,4._

33、we will go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.A.If B.Whether C.That D.Where5._ that they can pass the written exam this time.A.That is hoped B.It is hoped C.It hopes D.That hopes,6.It was doubtful _ Mary really heard him.A.that B.if C.whether D.what,Reading comprehension:,Put the following sent

34、ences into Chinese:What it was to become was a mystery until the dust began to slowly combine into a ball moving around the sun.随后它会变成什么曾经是一个谜，直到最后这团尘埃开始慢慢地合成一个环绕太阳运转的球状物。2.The problem was that the earth became violent because it was not clear whether the solid shape was to last or not.问题是地球（开始）变得激烈

35、动荡，不知道这个固体形状是否会继续存在下去。,3.It allowed the earth to dissolve harmful gases,which had become part of the earths atmosphere,into the oceans and seas.,它使得地球得以把曾经存在于大气层中的有害气体，溶解在海洋里。,4.Whether life will continue on the earth for millions of years to come will depend on whether this problem can be solved.,在

36、未来的千百万年中，生命能否在地球上延续将取决于这个问题能否得到解决。,Homework,Review the subjective clause.Finish the exercise on the workbook.,Language points,Period 5,1.What it was to become was a mystery until the dust began to slowly combine into a ball moving around the sun.,_（使大家吃惊的是）is that he didnt come to the meeting.,What

37、surprised everybody,2._（他所做的）added to our difficulty.,What he did,_ we cant get seems better than _ we have.What;what B.What;that C.That;that D.That;what_ made the school proud was _ more than 90%of the students had been admitted to key universities.A.What;because B.What;that;C.That;what D.That;beca

38、use,A,B,2.The problem was that the earth became violent because it was not clear whether the solid shape was to last or not.问题是地球开始变得激烈动荡，不知道这个固体形状是否会继续下去。,n.固体 solid,liquid,gas adj.固体的；实心的,无空隙的；结实的，坚固的,solid fuels solid food a solid sphere solid furniturea man of solid build,1)Matter has three stat

39、es:solid,liquid and gas.,2)When water freezes,it becomes solid and we call it ice.,be to(do):(something)will definitely happen,or it must happen 不可避免要发生或必须发生,e.g.They said goodbye,little knowing that they were never to meet again.She is to be honoured for this great work.Mr.Clark said to his daughte

40、r,“You are to be home by 10 oclock at the latest.”,3.It exploded loudly with fire and rock,which were in time to produce the water vapour,1).（使某物）炸开，爆炸,2).（指感情）激发,3).（指人口）突然或迅速增加,The firework exploded in his hand and he was hurt seriously.,I was frightened when she exploded into loud laughter.,Now i

41、t is not easy to find jobs with the exploding population.,explosion n.爆炸（声）,explosive adj.爆炸性的，易爆炸的 n.炸药，爆炸物,in time(for sth/to do sth):not late 及时；不迟She will be back in time to prepare dinner.她来得及回来准备晚饭。,in time:sooner or later;eventually 迟早；最后Ill see him in time.总有一天我会遇见他。,in/out of time:in/not in

42、 the correct time 合/不合节拍The audience clapped in time to the music.观众合着音乐的节拍拍手。,4.As the earth cooled down,water began to appear on its surface.随着地球的冷却,地球的表面就开始出现了水。,cool adj.凉快；冷静；冷淡,v.（使）变冷；冷静下来,1)Lets sit in the shade and get cool.2)I knew I had to keep cool.3)His play received a cool response fro

43、m the public.,4)The rain has cooled the air.5)Let your soup cool a little before you drink it.6)A heated argument can be settled better if both sides cool down first.7)I tried to cool her down but she was still very angry when she left.,5.Nobody knew that it was going to be different from other plan

44、ets going round the sun.,be very/much/quite/entirely/totally different from与不同,City life is quite different from country life.,1）城市生活和农村生活很不同。,2）他们的品位和我不同。,Their tastes are different from mine.,There are differences betweenand 与之间有不同之处tellfrom 把与区分开来the same as 与一样be similar to 与相似,going round the s

45、un为现在分词短语，做定语，表示一般的动作。例如：,Men breaking the law will be punished.Men who break the law will be punished.,现在分词短语作定语，也可表示进行的动作。例如：,Can you see the girl dancing with your boyfriend?Can you see the girl who is dancing with her boyfriend?,你能看到与男友跳舞的那个姑娘吗？,6.It allows the earth to dissolve harmful gases,wh

46、ich,allow vt.允许、许可、容许allow+n./pron./doing allow sb.to do be allowed to do,My father doesnt allow smoking at home.In fact he doesnt allow us to smoke anywhere at any time.,父亲不允许在家里吸烟。实际上，他不允许我们在任何地方任何时候吸烟。,Are we allowed to use the computer?,我们可以用电脑么？,be harmful to 对有害,do harm to sb.=do sb.harm 伤害某人，

47、对某人有害处,1)Pollution is especially harmful to animals.,2)Smoking will do you a lot of harm.,it作形式宾语，其真正的宾语可以是不定式，动名词和从句。,The foreign Minister said,“_ our hope that the two sides will work towards peace.”(2004BJ)A.This is B.There is C.That is D.It is,2.I like _ in the autumn when the weather is clear a

48、nd bright.(NMET2004)A.this B.that C.it D.one,3.Why dont you bring _ to his attention that you are too busy to do it?A.this B.that C.what D.it,D,C,D,7.That made it possible for life to begin to develop.,4.Why?I have nothing to confess._ you want me to say?A.What is it that B.What it is that C.How is

49、it that D.How it is that 5.Was it at the school _ was named after a hero _ he spent his childhood?A.which;that B.where;where C.that;where D.which;where,A,A,8.They multiplied and filled the first oceans and seas with oxygen.,multiply(数目上)增加，增多；乘；（使）繁殖,1)Our problems have multiplied since last year.,2

50、)2 and 5 multiply to make 10.,4)The plants here multiply rapidly.,3)6 multiplied by 5 is 30.,=Multiply 6 by 5 to make 30.,9.This encouraged the development of early shellfish and all sorts of fish.,encourage 鼓舞；促进；怂恿。后接名词、代词，也可接不定式作宾语补足语。如：,High prices for corn and wheat will encourage farming.,玉米和小