初中定语从句课堂讲解课件.ppt

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1、1.The man is a worker.,2.The man is speaking at the meeting.,合并句子:,The man who is speaking at the meeting is a worker.,定语从句,概念:在复合句中修饰名词或代词 的句子.,(Attributive clause),Mary is a beautiful girl.,Mary is a girl who has long hair.,形容词作定语,句子作定语,修饰girl,叫做定语从句,Mary is a girl.,Mary has long hair.,合并为一个句子,Mar

2、y is a girl who has long hair.,先行词,关系词,定语从句,Mary is a girl who has long hair.,关系代词,关系副词,which,who,whom,whose,that,Where,when,关系词作用,1.代替先行词;2.它还在定语从句中担任一定的成分;3.同时连接先行词与它引导的定语从句。（把主句和从句连起来）关系代词在定语从句中代替主句中的先行词，所以它在一般情况下都跟在先行词之后，而且它的 人称、数必须和先行词一致。,关系词判 断 步 骤:首先，要看先行词。如果先行词是指人,关系代词 可用 who,that,whom,whose

3、。如果先行词指物,关系 代词可用which或that;,然后，要确定关系词在从句中的成分。请看下表,最后，定语从句谓语动词和先行词一致.注:定语从句的时态不受主句的限制。The woman who/that spoke at the meeting yesterday is my mother.(主句)The woman is my mother.(叙述客观事实 用一般现在时)(从句)The woman(who/that)spoke at the meeting yesterday.(句中yesterday表示过去时间),定语从句的用法:,当先行词是物时,用which 或that引导.,The

4、se are the trees which were planted last year.,当先行词是人时,用who,whom,whose,that引导.,who,whom,whose,that用法区别.,who 作定语从句的主语或宾语.,The man who is speaking at the meeting is a worker.,The man is a worker.,The man is speaking at the meeting.,分解,作主语,the tallthe strong the clever,boy,The boy is Tom.,The boy who i

5、s tall is Tom.,The boy who is strong is Tom,The boy who is clever is Tom,The boy is Tom.The boy is smiling.,The boy is Tom.The boy has a round face.,The boy who is smiling is Tom.(主语),The boy who has a round face is Tom.,The boy is Tom.He sits in front of me.,The boy who sits in front of me is Tom.,

6、Whom 作定语从句的宾语,在口语和非正式文体中常用who代替，可以省略.,The woman whom/who they wanted to visit is a teacher.,The woman is a teacher.,They wanted to visit the woman.,分解,作宾语,The man is kind.Everyone likes him.,The man(whom)everyone likes is kind.(宾语),The woman got the job.We saw her on the street.,The woman(whom)we sa

7、w on the street got the job.,The teacher will give us a talk.We met the teacher yesterday.,The teacher(whom)we met yesterday will give us a talk.,关系代词,1.who指人,作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略）,The man(who)I talked with is our teacher.,A person who steals things is called a thief.,2.whom指人,作宾语(作宾语可省略,如 介词提前则不能省),The ma

8、n(whom/who)I talked to is Mr.Li.,The man to whom I talked is Mr.Li.,whose 作定语从句的定语.,I know the girl whose mother is a teacher.,分解,I know the girl.,The girls mother is a teacher.,作定语,关系代词,3.whose 是代词的所有格形式,它既可以代人也可以代物。,Please show me the book.Its cover is red.Please show me the book whose cover is re

9、d.,I saw a woman.Her bag was stolen.I saw a woman whose bag was stolen.,that 可以作定语从句的主语和宾语.,注意:关系代词作动词宾语时可 省略.,The woman(whom/that)they wanted to visit is a teacher.,4.which 指物，作主语或宾语(作宾 语可省略,如介词提前则不能省),These are the trees which were planted last year.,The TV set(which)he bought yesterday is made in

10、 Japan.,Is this the library(which)you borrow books from?,Is this the library from which you borrow books?,apple,the redthe greenthe smallthe big,The apple which is red is mine.,The apple which is green is yours.,The apple which is red is small,The apple which is green is big.,Can you find the pen?I

11、wrote with it just now.,Can you find the pen with which I wrote just now?,Can you find the pen(which)I wrote with just now?,1)This is the hero(whom)we are proud of.This is the hero of whom we are proud.This is the hero(that)we are proud of.,2)The room(that)I live in is very big.The room(which)I live

12、 in is very big.The room in which I live is very big.,关系代词与介词:介词放在关系代词的前面时,介词宾语只能用which代物,用whom代人。(介词在末尾时,关系词可以省略),定语从句中需注意事项 先行词是物，关系词只能用that,而不宜用which1.从句所修饰的词又被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时 This is the most interesting story(that)I have ever heard.The first meeting(that)we will take part in will be held in the a

13、fternoon.2.先行词是 something,nothing,anything，little,few,much,many,all,等不定代词时 Here is something(that)I will tell you.,3.先行词既有人也有物时,只能用that I can remember well the persons and some pictures(that)I see.4.先行词是one of,the one,或用 little,much,few,no,all,some,any,the only,the very,the same,the last 作修饰时 Is it

14、the one that you want?I havent got much that I can offer you.5.当主句已有疑问词 who或which时，用that Who is the woman that was praised at the meeting?,先行词前有the only，the very，the same，the last等词修饰时，只能用that。例如：This is the same bike that I lost.以who或which引导的特殊疑问句，为避免重复，只能用that。例如：Who is the girl that is crying？,先行

15、词是物关系词只能用which不能用that的情况：先行词为that，those时，只能用which。例如：What is that which is under the desk?Those are the books(which)I bought yesterday.关系词前有介词时，This is the room in which he lives.,注:who、that在指人可以通用，但下列宜用 who,不用that 1).先行词是anyone,someone,those时，关系词使用who Those who want to go to the Great Wall sign up

16、here.Is there anyone who wants to go there?2).在there be 句型中，先行词指人,关系词用who There is an old man who wants to see you.There are many young men who are against him.,Exercise,1.I have a friend _ likes listening to classical music.,who/that,which/that,whose,3.The man _ leg broke in a match used to be a fo

17、otball player.,2.Yesterday Emily was wearing the new dress _ I gave her.,4.My parents live in a house_ is more than 100 years old.,5.The boy with _ John spoke is my brother.,which/that,whom,6.Kevin is reading a book _ is too difficult for him.,which/that,7.Is there anything _ you want to buy in the

18、town.,8.All _ we can do is to study hard.,9.The first one _ stands up is a little boy.,that,that,that,句子翻译,1.这就是救了那个孩子命的医生.,This is the doctor who saved the boys life.,2.正在跑步的那个人是我的叔叔.,The man who is running is my uncle.,3.我喜欢可以随之而唱的音乐.,I like the music that I can sing along with.,4.住在隔壁的那个女的是一名教师.,

19、The woman who lives next door is a teacher.,1This is the man _ wants to see you.2The student _ answered the question is Zhang Hua.3The man _ you went to see has come.4The man _I met yesterday lent me some money.5The woman _ you saw is our geography teacher6.Jack,there is someone in the office _ woul

20、d like to speak with you.,定语从句练习,6Here is the pen _ you lost the day before yesterday.7These books _ you lent me were very useful.8A clock is a machine _ tells people the time.9This is the shirt _I bought yesterday.10The book _ is on the table is mine.11The film _ they are talking about is very inte

21、resting.,定语从句练习,13Show me the boy _ mother is a well-known singer.14The boy_ father is a teacher is good at English.15.You have seen the girl _ sister is a Chinese teacher.A.whom B.of whom C.whose D.of which16.I do not like the book-cover is blue。17.He lives in the house-wall is white。12Is there any

22、one _ family is in Beijing?,定语从句练习,18.The bridge _ a big ship can go has been built.A.under which C.in which B.under that D.on which22.The engineer _my father works is about 50 years old.A.to whom B.on whom C.with which D.with whom,定语从句练习,23.Everything _ I know will be taught to the students.23.We s

23、hould do all _ is useful to people.A./B.that C.it D.which24.The girl handed everything _ she had picked up in the street to the police.A.which B.in which C.that D.all 25.This is the best film _ I have ever seen.,定语从句练习,26.This is the best book _ I have been looking for all this year.A.who B.whom C.w

24、hich D.that27.He is the most careful boy _ I know.A.what B.which C.as D.that28.He is the first one-come to the classroom every day。29.He is the second boy-win the prize。,定语从句练习,30.I will never forget the people and the places _ I have ever visited.31.He talked about the classmates and the school _ h

25、e had visited.A.who C.which B.that D.about which32.This is the only article of these _ was written by him.A.thatB.which C.whoD.whose,定语从句练习,36.Who is the girl-sits under the tree？37.Those _ made no mistakes in todays exercises please raise your hands.A.which B.whom C.that D.who38.That _ finished doi

26、ng it pleases tell me.A.who have C.which have B.who has D.have,定语从句练习,根据汉语完成句子：6.Here is the pen _.(你昨天丢失的）7.This is the best book_ _.(我读过的）8.I have lost the pen_.（我父亲给我买的）9.Wheat is a plant_ _.（中国北方 种植的）10.I dont like the people_.(说得多,做得少的）,(that)you lost yesterday.,(that)I have ever read,(which/that)my father bought me,which/that is grown,who talk too much but do little,in the north of China,THE END,Thank you!,