人教新课标必修1第四单元（知识点讲解）.ppt

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1、Language points for reading,Phrases in the text,rise and fall smelly gas come out of jump out of crack and burst fall down think little of one-third/two thirds cut across in ruins at an endbe injured thousands ofbe left without parents blow awayuseless pieces of steel give milk tens of thousands of

2、instead of hundreds of thousands of rescue workerscoal mines dig out fresh water,Language points,分数表达法:分子用基数（one,two)，分母用序数词(first,second)，当分子超过1时，分母的词尾加s.,1/3:one third 2/3:two thirds1/4:one fourth(a/one quarter)1/5:one fifth 3/5:three fifths2 4/5:two and four fifths1/2:a half 或 one half(例外),百分数表达法

3、：百分数+单n+单谓；百分数+复n+复谓,75%：seventy-five percent 90%:ninety percentMore than 70%of the surface of the earth is covered by water.40%of the students in our school are girls.,数词+量词+形容词,two hundred kilometers away 两百公里远 eight kilometers long 八公里长 thirty meters wide 三十米宽四米深four meters deep五米高five meters hig

4、h六米厚six meters thick The train is seven minutes late.My watch is eight minutes fast.(adj 快的),Imagine your home begins to shake and you must leave it right away.imagine:form a mental picture imagine+n./pron imagine sb.to be shake:cause to move to and fro,right away:at once;in no time;immediatelyright

5、 now:at this very momentMake up your mind_.Ill return the book_.,right now,right away,He _from his chair when the doorbell rang.Her job is _chickens.Her temperature is still_.He _ in rank recently.,2.rise vi.&raise vt.,rose,raising,rising,has risen,smelly:smell+y=adj.smell n./v(smelt/smelled)They we

6、re all hungry and the food _good.I can _something burning in the kitchen.Please throw the _fish away.,smelt,smell,smelly,3.A _ gas came _ _ the cracks.,smelly,out,of,4.the water pipes in some buildings cracked and _.,burst,burst:to come open or fly apart suddenlyThe balloon suddenly burst.burst into

7、+n.Some robbers burst into that house.burst outburst out+doing They burst out laughing.,He burst into laughter.=He burst out laughingHe burst into tears.=He burst out crying.,burst into+n.burst out+doing,5.It seemed as if the world was _ _ _.,at,an,end,at the end of 用于表示具体事物或场所的场合，它也可以用来表示比喻意;by the

8、 end of 用于表示时间的场合到结束的时候，用语过去完成时态;in the end 意思“最后、终于”。,Compare:at the end of by the end of in the end,1).His father will return home _this year.2).He will be a scientist _.3).How many English words had you learned _ last term?,at the end of,in the end,by the end of,as if 好像；似乎；仿佛。,She was sitting th

9、ere as if nothing had happened.,6.In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in_.,ruins,lie(lay,lain):to be,remain or be kept in a certain statein ruins:severely damaged or destroyed,Compare:ruin;destroy;damage,damage指部分“损坏”、“损害”、“破坏”或指使用价值有所降低。它可以用作动词,也可以用作名词,用作名词时常与to something 连用。The accident d

10、id a lot of damage to his car.destroy 只能用作动词,指彻底破坏,以致不可能修复,常作“破坏”、“毁灭”解,也可以指希望、计划等打破。The earthquake destroyed almost the whole town.,ruin则表示破坏严重,以致不能修复,但这种破坏不像destroy那样毁灭某物,而是强调致使该物的使用价值发生了问题。用作动词时,它作“使毁灭”、“使崩溃”、“弄糟”解;用作名词时,它表示“毁灭”、“瓦解”、“废墟”等抽象概念。ruin也有借喻的用法。The fire ruined the castle.The house has

11、fallen into ruin.The company is facing ruin.,The village _in ruins after the war.These machines have _idle since the factory closed.An earthquake left the whole town_.His career is_.,lay,lain,in ruins,in ruins,Everywhere they looked nearly everything was_.,destroyed,He _ his girl friends prospects,r

12、uined,Soft wood _easily.,damages,lie 与lay的区别,口诀:规则的“撒谎”，不规则的“躺”，躺过就“下蛋”。(lie当“说谎”用，它的过去式和过去分词都为lied，而当“躺”用时，它的过去式为“下蛋”即lay),injure:to hurt oneself/sb./sth.physically,7.Two-thirds of the them died or were _ during the earthquake.,injured,More than 61%of the surface of the earth _covered by water.Seve

13、nty percent of the workers in this factory _ young.,is,are,Their criticisms _him deeply.Smoking will _his health.He was slightly _in the car accident.He got _in the fighting.What you said _my feeling.,have hurt,injured,injured,wounded,hurt,Compare:injure;hurt;wound,8.People were shocked.shock:v 震惊、打

14、击I was shocked by his rudeness.be shocked at 对感到吃惊We were shocked at the bad news.be shocked to do sth 因做某事而吃惊 I was shocked to learn that he had failed in the exam.be shocked that I was shocked that he had failed in the exam.,shock：n.打击；震惊，震动The news of his wifes death was a terrible shock to him.s

15、hocking:adj.使人震惊的His failure in the exam was shocking to his parents.,9.Some of the rescue workers and doctors were trapped under the ruins:,n 救援、救助a rescue team 营救队 come/go to sbs rescue 营救某人v 援救、营救 rescuefromThe firemen rescued a boy from the fire.,wonder:v.A.to have a feeling of surprise.B.to be

16、filled with curiosity or doubt.n.one that arouses astonishment,surprise;admirationIt is no wonder(that)=No wonder(that),wonder,10.People began to _how long the disaster would last.,disaster,n 灾难、灾祸 Too much water can cause disaster.引起灾难、惹祸 Disasters always come in three.祸不单行,-Tom often works deep in

17、to the night every day.-No wonder he always gets first in the examinations.,10.All hope was not lost.allnot=not all;some but not all Not all the children are left.(=Only some of them left early.)Not all the children are noisy.(=Some of the children are not noisy.)none of.None of us were allowed to g

18、o there.None of these reports is very helpful.,11.bury the dead.bury:A.to place in the ground B.to occupy(oneself)with deep concentration;absorbThe dog buried the bone in the ground.I buried myself in my studies.bury oneself in=be buried in devote oneself to=be devoted to,选用单词的适当形式填空,1.The flood d_

19、a lot of houses and many people became homeless.2.After e_ was cut off,the lights went out.3.D_ always come suddenly and cause a lot of damage.4.The f_ girl was speechless after she saw the terrible scene.5.A car accident happened with two people killed and one seriously i_.,injured,estroyed,lectric

20、ity,isasters,rightened,6.St.Petersburg was almost in r_ after it was under attack for 900 days by the Germans.7.The rescue workers put up a lot of tents so that the homeless survivors could be s_.8.The river b_ its banks and flooded the village.9.They were badly s_ by the news of her death,shaken,ui

21、ns,heltered,urst,hocked,选择题,3.The death of his wife was a terrible _ to him.A.knock B.shock C.surprising D.experience,2.He _ his voice so that everyone could hear him.A.lifted B.rose C.held D.raised,The work must be done_.A.right away B.right now C.at once D.all the above,_of people came to the meet

22、ing from all over the country.A.Many B.A number C.The number D.A plenty of,5.They tried to prevent their cows from _.injury B.injuring C.being injured D.hurting,4._ for the worst,and you wont feel too sad if you fail.Preparing B.Prepare C.To prepare D.Prepared,8.There was a strange man at the gate _

23、 something to the little girl.A.said B.says C.to say D.saying,I will go shopping with her _my mother.,instead of B.instead C.in fact D.instead with,9._ seen the film,so everybody wants to see it.,All the students haventAny students havent C.As nobody has D.None of us has,10.Do you want to go biking

24、with me?-Yes.Id love to._my bike is brokenA.But B.And C.Sorry D.However11._ were sent to hospital and the _ were buried.A.The injury,the death B.The injuring,the dying C.The injured,the dead D.The injured,the died12.About _ of the workers in that steel works _ young people.A.third fifths,are B.three fifths,are C.three fifths,is D.three fifth,are,