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1、2012届高考英语顶尖学案：新课标人教版此学案为QQ1084591801原创整理首发，转载请保留此信息。（20111102）Unit 5The power of nature大自然的力量核心词汇1She was hit on the head by a stone and knocked _(无意识的)2My time is _(珍贵的)；I can only give you a few minutes.3When he came out of the water，he was_(颤抖)with cold.4. She got into a _(惊慌)when she found she h

2、ad lost her necklace.5Interest is the best teacher，and a lack of interest is a _(保证)of failure.6A number of _(可能的) buyers have expressed interest in the company and placed orders for some of its products.7The Big Island is home to one of the most active volcanoes in the world.It has _(爆发)a total of

3、40 times since 1924.8Tom made a big_in his business，but_，he went bankrupt because of his careless investment.(unfortunate)9He was_ to leave and he could not hide his _.(anxious)10People from_ cultures hold different understanding on the play and this _of opinions makes it hard to reach an agreement

4、at the meeting.(diversity)1.unconscious2.precious3.trembling4.panic5.guarantee6.potential7.erupted8.fortune；unfortunately9.anxious；anxiety10.diverse；diversity高频短语1_前往2_ 匆匆看一遍3_ 由到不等4_ 生产；产生5_ 与相比6_ 保护免受伤害7_ 被委派为8_ 全部焚毁9_ 即将做某事；马上就要做某事10_ 查阅，参考，指的是1. make ones way2.glance through3.vary from.to.4.give

5、 birth to5.be compared with.6.protect.from.7.be appointed as8.burn to the ground9.be about to do sth. 10.refer to重点句式1_this boy，who had a great gift for languages and persuasion，is the father of the Manchu people.据说这个男孩就是满族人的祖先，他具有语言天赋和很强的说服力。2I_ go back to sleep _ suddenly my bedroom became as brig

6、ht as day.我刚要再睡，突然我的卧室亮如白昼。3The other two climbed down into the crater to collect some lava for later study，but _，I stayed at the top and watched them.另外两人攀下火山口去收集供日后研究用的岩浆，我是第一次经历这样的事，所以留在山顶上观察他们。4_ the information，I help other scientists to predict where lava from the volcano will flow next and ho

7、w fast.收集和评估这些信息之后，我就帮助其他科学家一起预测熔岩接着将往何处流，流速是多少。1.It is said that2.was about to；when3.this being my first experience4.Having collected and evaluated知识详解1appointvt.任命，委派；约定，指定，安排(回归课本P34)I was appointed as a volcanologist working for the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory(HVO)twenty years ago.二十年前我被任命为火山学家

8、，在夏威夷火山观测站工作。14归纳拓展例句探源(牛津P82)They have appointed a new headmaster at my sons school.我儿子读书的学校任命了一位新校长。(牛津P82)They appointed him (as) captain of the English team.他们任命他为英格兰队队长。The time appointed for the meeting was 1030.规定开会的时间是10点30分。(牛津P82)She made an appointment for her son to see the doctor.她为儿子约定

9、了看医生的时间。即境活用1我们在考虑指定他当秘书。We are considering _ _ _ act as secretary.答案：appointing him to2 suitv适合某人；对(某人)方便(回归课本P34) We had white protective suits that covered our whole body，helmets，big boots and special gloves.我们都穿着白色的防护服遮住全身，戴上了头盔和特别的手套，还穿了一双大靴子。例句探源(牛津P2022)If we met at 2，would that suit you?我们两点

10、钟见面，你方便吗？(牛津P2022)If you want to go by bus，that suits me fine.要是你想坐公共汽车，那对我也合适。A good teacher suits his lesson to the age of his pupils.一位优秀的老师应使他讲的课适合学生的年龄。易混辨析fit，suit，match(1)fit多指衣服等尺寸、大小合身，合适。(2)suit指衣服等颜色、款式、花样适合。(3)match意为“使相称，使相配，使匹配”，指事物在大小、色调、性质等方面的搭配。I tried the dress on but it didnt fit.

11、It was too small.In my opinion，red suits you very well. Her clothes dont match her age.即境活用2Her shoes_her dress；they look very well together.Asuit BfitCCompare Dmatch解析：选D。句意：她的鞋和衣服很搭配，二者搭配看起来很不错。本题考查近义词辨析。suit是指颜色、花样或款式等相配；fit是大小、尺寸等合适；compare比较；match指两个东西相称、匹配。3How about eight oclock outside the c

12、inema?That_me fine.Afits BmeetsCsatisfies Dsuits解析：选D。本题考查动词词义辨析。fit多指“(大小、尺寸等)适合，吻合”；suit多指“合乎需要、口味、条件等”；meet，satisfy常表示“满足(需要)，符合(要求)”。3panic vi.& vt.(使人或动物)受惊；惊慌(panicked/panicking) n惊慌；恐慌(回归课本P38)I felt very nervous and had to force myself not to panic.我非常紧张，不得不强迫自己不要惊慌。归纳拓展例句探源(朗文P1478)Lisa pan

13、icked when she heard she might be fired.莉萨听说自己可能会被解雇后惊慌失措。(牛津P1440)There is no point getting into a panic about the exams.对考试惊慌失措是没有用的。(朗文P1478)Small business owners are in a panic over whether they will survive.小企业主们不知道自己能否生存下去，因此惶恐不安。The audience were thrown into a panic when the fire started.一发生火

14、灾，观众顿时陷入一片慌乱之中。即境活用4完成句子(1)看到厨房冒烟，我顿时惊慌失措。I _ _ _ _ when I saw smoke coming out of the kitchen.答案：got into a panic(2)处于惊恐状态的人往往会做出蠢事来。Often people _ _ _ do foolish things.答案：in a panic4guarantee vt.保证免受损失或伤害；确保 n保证；保证书(回归课本P39)If you are lucky enough to visit the Lake of Heaven with your loved one，d

15、ont forget to drop a coin into the clear blue water to guarantee your love will be as deep and lasting as the lake itself.如果你有幸和你的爱人一起游览天池，不要忘了向清澈、湛蓝的湖中投入一枚硬币来保证你们的爱情像湖水一样幽深而长久。归纳拓展例句探源(朗文P919)Even if you complete your training.I cant guarantee you a job.即使你接受完培训，我也不能担保你会有工作。(朗文P919)The plan would g

16、uarantee health care to all Americans.这项计划将保证所有美国人都能享受医疗保健服务。(朗文P919)Going out with friends is guaranteed to cheer you up.和朋友一起出去玩肯定会让你高兴起来。(朗文P919)Can you give me a guarantee that the work will be finished on time?你能向我保证工作会按时完成吗？即境活用5完成句子(1)未来的科技将保证所有人都能拥有健康和幸福！Technology will _ _ _ _ _for all!答案：g

17、uarantee good health and happiness(2)我们会尽力，但我不能保证我们会赢。We will do our best，but I cant _ _ _ _ _.答案：guarantee that we will win5anxiousadj.忧虑的，不安的(回归课本P38)I was so anxious and couldnt move at first.我非常担心，一开始吓得动弹不得。归纳拓展例句探源(朗文P75)Most children feel anxious about returning to school.大部分孩子对于重返校园感到焦虑。(牛津P7

18、5)She was anxious to finish school and get a job.她渴望毕业找份工作。(浙江高考)My mother always gets a bit anxious if we dont arrive when we say we will.如果我们不能在我们所说的时间到达，母亲总是有点焦虑。I felt anxiety for/about his safety when I heard the news of the train accident.当我听到火车事故的消息时，我很担心他的安全。(牛津P75)If you are worried about y

19、our health，share your anxieties with your doctor.你要是担心自己的健康，就把自己的忧虑告诉医生吧。即境活用6We had an anxious couple of weeks _for the results of the experiment.Await Bto be waitingCWaited Dwaiting解析：选D。由于是主语在等待，表主动关系，且在题干中充当方式状语。动词不定式不作方式状语，所以用现在分词表主动和伴随。had an anxious couple of weeks waiting for .在焦急中等待的几周。6mak

20、e ones way前往；获得成功(回归课本P35)It was not easy to walk in these suits，but we slowly made our way to the edge of the crater and looked down into the red，boiling centre.穿着这些衣服走起路来实在不容易，但我们还是缓缓往火山口的边缘走去，并且向下看到了红红的沸腾的中央。归纳拓展例句探源(牛津P2274)Will you be able to make your way to the airport?你能自己去机场吗？The man hesita

21、ted，but made his way to the woods.那个人犹豫了一下，但还是朝树林走去。Without experience on it，we have to feel our way.由于在这方面没有经验，我们必须摸索着前进。As we got into a forest，we lost our way.进入森林后我们迷路了。We fought our way through the forest.我们穿过森林前进。即境活用7Mom，where did Cathy go?She _her way towards the centre of the town.AgotBdidC

22、decided Dmade解析：选D。句意：妈妈，Cathy去哪里了？她去市中心了。make ones way意为“前往”，符合句意。8A great man shows his greatness_the way he treats little men.Aunder BwithCon Dby解析：选D。本题考查介词的用法。“借助某种方法和手段”常用by；而with强调使用具体工具。with this method搭配相当于by the way。9I think he is taking an active part in social work.I agree with you_.Ain

23、a way Bon the wayCby the way Din the way解析：选A。in a wayin one way“在某种程度上”。on the way在途中；by the way顺便说；in the way挡道；碍事。句意：我在某种程度上同意你所说的话。7vary from.to.由到不等(回归课本P39)The land varies in height from 700 metres above sea level to over 2,000 metres and is home to a great diversity of rare plants and animals

24、.这里地面的高度由海拔700米到2000多米不等，是多种多样的珍稀动植物的生长地。归纳拓展例句探源(朗文P2273)The price of seafood varies according to the season.海产品的价格随季节而变化。Opinions on this matter vary from person to person.对于这件事，人人意见不一。As in China，the climate in Canada varies，depending on the area.正如中国一样，加拿大的气候也因地而异。For various/a variety of reason

25、s，he didnt attend the meeting.因种种原因，他没参加会议。即境活用10It is obvious that the hopes，goals，fears and desires_ widely between men and women，between the rich and the poor.AalterBshiftCTransfer Dvary解析：选D。句意：很明显男人和女人，富人和穷人在希望、目标、恐惧和欲望方面有很大的不同。vary between.and.由到的情况不等。alter更改；transfer转换；shift转移，替换。句型梳理1【教材原句】

26、It is said that this boy，who had a great gift for languages and persuasion，is the father of the Manchu people.(P39)据说这个男孩就是满族人的祖先，他具有语言天赋和很强的说服力。【句法分析】(1)It is said that.表示“据说”的意思，实际上it为形式主语，that 引导的为主语从句。相当于people say that.的意思。该结构还可以改变成sb.is said to do.结构。(2)注意根据动词不定式和is said动作之间的时间关系，使用不定式的一般式、进行式

27、或完成式。John is said to be one of the best teachers in the school.It is said that John is one of the best teachers in the school.据说约翰是这个学校最好的老师之一。He is said to have written a new book about workers.It is said that he has written a new book about workers.据说他写了一本有关工人的新书。归纳拓展It was reported that more than

28、 180 people had been killed in the fire.据报道，那场大火烧死了180多人。It is hoped that the terrible disease will soon be controlled.人们希望这种可怕的疾病能迅速得到控制。即境活用11Leonardo da Vinci(14521519)_birds kept in cages in order to have the pleasure of setting them free.Ais said to be buyingBis said to have boughtChad said to

29、buy Dhas said to have bought解析：选B。本题考查动词不定式及时态的应用。因为say与主语(人)是动宾关系，所以应用被动语态；再由括号中的时间标志可知应用现在完成时。故选B。2【教材原句】Having collected and evaluated the information，I help other scientists to predict where lava from the volcano will flow next and how fast.(P34)收集和评估了这些信息之后，我就帮助其他科学家来预测熔岩接着将往何处流去，流速是多少。【句法分析】ha

30、ving collected and evaluated the information是现在分词的完成式在句中作状语，表明从句动作发生在主句动作之前。Having answered the teachers questions，she sat down and felt much more relaxed.回答老师的问题后，她坐下来，感到轻松多了。Having been separated from other continents for millions of years，Australia has many plants and animals not found anywhere e

31、lse in the world.由于与其他的大洲分离了几百万年了，澳大利亚有许多在世界上其他地方都找不到的动植物。【温馨提示】过去分词作状语同现在分词作状语时一样，其逻辑上的主语就是主句的主语，但所不同的是，过去分词与主语之间存在被动关系，但有时无被动意味，只是表示一种状态或动作的完成，而现在分词与主语之间存在着主动关系。Given better attention，the flowers could have grown better.要是照看得好一点，这些花会长得更好。Dressed in white，she looks really pretty.穿着白衣服，她看起来真美。Seeing

32、 the photo，he couldnt help thinking of his good old days.看到那张照片，他禁不住想起了美好的往昔。即境活用12_in the queue for half an hour，the old man suddenly realized he had left the cheque in the car.AWaitingBTo waitCHaving waited DTo have waited解析：选C。本题考查非谓语动词。根据the old man与wait之间的关系，应该选择v.ing形式，再根据句意得知他是先“wait”后才“reali

33、ze”。所以先发生的动作应该用完成式Having waited。13_there for some time，Mr.Johnson knew the place quite well.AHaving lived BLivingCTo live DLived解析：选A。考查非谓语动词。Mr.Johnson与live之间构成逻辑上的主动关系，“先在那儿住一段时间”才能“很熟悉那个地方”，所以应用v.ing形式的完成式作状语。3【教材原句】The other two climbed down into the crater to collect some lava for later study，b

34、ut this being my first experience，I stayed at the top and watched them.(P35)另外两人攀下火山口去收集供日后研究用的岩浆，我是第一次经历这样的事，所以留在山顶上观察他们。【句法分析】this being my first experience 是独立主格结构。独立主格结构的构成方法：n/pron.v.ing/ed/to do/n./adj./adv./prep.phrase。其中名词或代词起着逻辑主语的作用；另一部分表示状态、状况或动作。独立主格结构本身不是句子，但在语义上相当于一个句子。在句子中作状语，表示时间、原因、

35、条件、伴随等。独立主格结构一般用逗号与主句分开。The guide leading the way，we had no trouble getting out of the forest.向导领着路，我们毫不费劲地走出了森林。Weather permitting，we will go on an outing to the beach tomorrow.如果天气允许的话，我们将在明天组织一次海滨旅游。He left the office，tears in eyes.他眼里含着泪水离开了办公室。He walked into the classroom，his head lowered.低着头，他

36、走进教室。There being no one else to turn to，I had to come to see you.我没有其他可以求助的人，只能来找你。14The children went home from the grammar school，their lessons _for the day.AfinishingBfinishedChad finished Dwere finished解析：选B。本题考查名词的独立主格结构。名词短语their lessons和动词finish之间是被动完成关系，故用过去分词finished。即境活用15The car burns mor

37、e fuel，but _all things into consideration，its still a good car.Ataken Bhaving takenCtaking Dto take解析：选C。独立成分作状语。注意有些分词短语的形式是固定的，不受上下文影响，因此被称为独立成分。句意：这辆汽车耗油量较大，但是综合整体情况来看，它仍不失为一部好车。作文指导说明文【体裁导航】说明文，顾名思义，就是要说清、道明。可见，清晰的描述、不紊的条理、分明的层次和准确的用词，都是说明文最明显的特征。无论是文字叙述还是图表标识，只要无时间限制，说明文中一般都要用现在时态。图表说明文是近年来高考英语

38、写作的重点、热点，也是国家英语课程标准所要求掌握的。做这一写作题型时，同学们最好能在分清图与图之间逻辑关系的基础上，列出要点，逐条予以说明。这样，既能避免主次不分，又能有效防止要点的遗漏。巧用过渡性词语，能使文章结构紧凑，条理清晰。中学阶段常用的过渡词语主要有以下几类：1表示时间顺序：first, then, afterwards, to begin with, meanwhile, later, soon, finally .2表示空间顺序：near, next to, far from, in front of, on the left, on one side .3表示并列关系：and,

39、 as well as, also, too .4表示因果关系：because, for, since, as a result (of), therefore, thus, thanks to .5表示递进关系：besides, whats more, moreover, furthermore, in addition, also, one more thing .6表示比照关系：like, unlike, such as，but, however, on the other hand, on the contrary .7表示条件关系：if, unless, as long as, so

40、 long as, on condition that .8表示概括关系：in general, in a word, in short, on the whole, to sum up .【写作示例】由于现代科学技术的发展，人们现在的日常生活已与几十年前的大不一样。那么，随着社会和科学技术的进一步发展，未来人们的生活又会是什么样的呢？请你以“未来生活”为主题，从人类的工作、身体的变化、生活的环境、交通设施、沟通方式、住房等方面，展开想象，描述一下未来美好的生活。要求：1.想象合理，表达清晰，有条理。2描述你想象中的未来生活。3词数：120150。【写作要领】本文的体裁是说明文，主题是未来的生

41、活，时态应为一般将来时。要求学生预测并适当描述几十年以后生活可能发生的变化，表达自己对未来美好的愿望。文章可以分为三部分：一、开头，二、主体，三、结尾。第一部分(第1段)开门见山，直接点题，指出未来的生活肯定会发生巨大的变化。第二部分(第2和3段)发挥想象，具体阐述。可从人们日常生活的各个方面(工作、交通、教育学习、休闲娱乐、环境等)入手。第三部分(第4段)提出建议，表达自己美好的愿望。【金点模板】一、开头(表达个人观点)I suppose that .Personally, I think that .With science and technology developing, it is

42、 certain that .二、主体1句型In the future we will.More people will be able to .At that time, people will be using .There will be no need to .2过渡词besides/in addition/whats more/furthermore而且for example/for instance/such as举例instead of代替，而不是not only .but also .不但而且in other words换句话说that is to say也就是说三、结尾1句型

43、Compared to the life today, the future life will be .No matter what happens in the future, we will .2过渡词altogether总之；above all 最重要的是；however然而【范文点评】The Future LifeWith science and technology developing fast, it is certain that the future life will be more convenient and fastpaced.In the future we will have more free time and