大学体验英语第三版综合教程4 UNIT4答案.doc

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1、Unit4Listen 1. discourage 2. from 3. dialects 4. overwhelmingly 5. choice 6. fierce 7. standard8. are now promoting English as the language of the 21st century 9. English is going to be the lingua franca of the new century 10. adopted English to be taught as the second language of choiceThink about

2、it(1) Now in China there is a situation where people from all walks of life and all ages are learning English. Children as young as 4 years old are starting to learn English. Young people are improving their English proficiency in different English training centers. And even senior citizens in their

3、 70s are learning English too.(2) 1). Probably, I will. There are several reasons. First, a working knowledge of English will help me get a better-paid job. Second, English was, is and will be a lingua franca in international communication in various fields: business, diplomacy, science and technolo

4、gy. Whats more, English is the working language for many international organizations, such as the United Nations, the World Trade Organization and many other professional organizations.2). No, I wont. Although English is one of my favorite subjects, I wont choose it as my minor as I have got other i

5、nterests.(3) Its hard to say. It depends on what kind of jobs theyll have. For example, English major graduates may have more advantages in doing secretary and journalism jobs. Besides, English majors are said to have made excellent preparation for future careers in law, medicine, business, and gove

6、rnment service.Passage A学英语既有乐趣又有回报文学的研究包含对哲学、宗教、历史事件的发展和观念由来的研究，不仅是文明的，同时是有教化作用的，而且是流行的和实际的。在所有从文理学院毕业并获得学士学位的人中，有六分之一的人主修英语。让人惊异的是，这些毕业生能胜任范围相当广泛的工作。他们的经验表明，这种广泛流行的偏见是错误的：即英语专业的学生只能从事新闻或教学工作。事实上，主修英语的学生也为未来从事法律、医学、商业和公职等职业做了相当好的准备。有人时常劝告期望上法学院或医学院的大学生要学习与他们的择业有直接联系的严格制定的课程。有人还建议未来法学院的学生应该选修政治、历史、会

7、计、商业管理甚至人体解剖学、婚姻和家庭生活等课程。未来医学院的学生被引导去学习多种理科课程，实际上，这些课程比他们考入医学院所需要的理科课程要多得多。令人惊讶的是，许多法学院和医学院却指出，如此专门化的准备不但没有必要，而且并不可取。没有什么“法律预科”课程：上法学院和从事法律行业的最好准备是培养学生能够进行批判性思考；能够进行清晰的合乎逻辑的自我表述；能够对他人的动机、行动和想法进行敏锐的分析。这些技能也正是英语专业要教给学生掌握的技能。此外，要进入法学院就读，通常需要具有合格院校颁发的学士学位，还需要拿到最低限度的各课平均积分点，并和在法学院录取考试（L.S.A.T.）中取得一个通得过的分

8、数。这项测试包括三个部分：首先是测试阅读理解、图形分类和书面材料评估等能力。测试的第二个部分是考核对英语语法和词汇用法的掌握能力，组织书面材料的能力和文字编辑的能力。第三个部分是检测学生的文学、艺术、音乐、自然科学和社会科学的一般知识。显而易见，主修英语的学生参加法学院录取考试会得心应手。至于医学院，入学要求主要的一条只是修满32个学时的理科课程。这一要求对主修英语的学生来说肯定不成问题。另外，许多医学院校要求学生必须在医学院入学考试中达到规定的最低分，这一测试对全面发展的文科学生来说又十分有利。医学院入学考试检测四方面的能力：同义词、反义词和词语联想能力；从分数到立体几何学的基本数学知识；文

9、学、哲学、心理学、音乐、艺术和社会科学的常识；以及熟悉中学和大学初始阶段教过的生物学、化学和物理学基本原理的程度。理科基础扎实的主修英语学生完全有能力参加这一考试和医学院入学考试，他们的阅读、分析、阐述和准确交流的能力使他们更胜一筹。学医和行医只会从对人的行为的洞察中受益无穷，而这种洞察却是文学研究才能提供的。很明显，如此的洞察力对计划从商的学生来说也是很有价值的。这样的学生应该考虑的是，挑选主修对商科有侧重的英语课程是有优势的：这种课程的目的在于在提供文科教育的同时，也为从商做职业准备。对这种教育计划的需求是显而易见的：只有技术性资格的毕业生能找到从商工作，但却经常难以居其位。华尔街杂志和大

10、学生就业杂志都有报道，说越来越多的著名商学院的毕业生发现他们自己经常从一种工作或一家公司跳槽到另一个工作或另一家公司，在一个工作岗位上干不了十二个月。雇主们抱怨说，这些表面上年轻有为的男女们根本不会有效地交流，因为他们的文字能力不够强；他们不能够从管理人员培训中学到东西；他们不能够进行有效的口头表达；他们不能用书面形式报告他们的工作进展或问题；他们不能够指导其他工作人员。然而，分析和交流的技能却是管理的最根本的需要。因此，偏重商业经营管理方向的主攻英语的学生，为未来从事商业管理做好了充分准备。对涉及从银行、保险到通信乃至制造业等众多领域的将近400家公司进行的有关调查显示，针对是否聘用具有英语

11、学位文凭却没有受过行业领域的专门培训的毕业生这一问题，百分之八十五的公司说他们聘用过。拥有英语学位文凭的大学毕业生在营销、系统工程、人事管理、销售、编程、项目设计和劳资关系等领域都工作得十分出色。主修英语的学生也正在各级政府提供的上千种岗位上工作。就拿可以算得是美国最大的雇主的联邦政府来说吧。从海军陆战队到矿务局，从商业部到国家公园服务处，联邦政府各种机构雇佣的劳动大军近三百万人。主修英语的学生适合做其中的许多工作。最近，向51个联邦政府机构调查了同一个问题：是否聘用有英语学位文凭而却没有受过专门行业训练的大学毕业生，88%的这些联邦政府单位的回答是肯定的。主修英语的毕业生能胜任联邦政府的一系

12、列工作，从索赔审议到外交官再到公路安全管理专家等等。再说，那些要求高薪高位的人可能还需要参加一种考试，这就是，联邦政府每年都要举行的“业务和管理职业考试”借此对大约10 000种工作岗位的求职者进行考核，而测试的焦点仍然是语言技能：理解、分析、阐述、理解概念间逻辑关系的能力，以及解决用文字表述问题的能力。毫不奇怪，主修英语的学生时常在这一考试中获得高分。简而言之，英语的课程既无局限性又很实用：学习英语是对职业生涯的绝好准备。二.(1) English majors are confined to choosing careers between journalism and teaching

13、(2) Experience shows that English major graduates qualify for a surprising range of jobs. In fact, they are also often well prepared for future careers in law, medicine, business, and government service.(3) The skills tested in L.S.A.T. clearly show that an undergraduate major in English is strong p

14、reparation for this test.(4) One must take thirty-two hours of science courses and pass the M.C.A.T. with a minimum score as required by the particular medical school.(5) They tell us that the essential skills needed for various careers are adequately covered by the education programs for English ma

15、jors.三1.A, 2.B, 3.C, 4.C, 5.A四1. preparation, 2. indicate, 3. capable, 4. analysis, 5. particularly, 6. occupations, 7. neither, 8. professional五1. sensitive 2. classification 3. sufficiently 4. steer 5. familiarity 6. consequently 7. reward 8. qualifications 9. fundamentals 10. evaluate六1. As for2.

16、 focus . on3. benefit . from4. failed to5. relevant to七1. complain about his carelessness 2. take courses 3. steer efforts in the correct direction 4. evaluate ability / courses 5. hold a position 6. consider the advantages and disadvantages 7. receive high scores 8. get qualification / a position 9

17、. gain an insight into his mind 10. give interpretations八（1）My grandfathers interests range from playing chess to climbing mountains although he is 70 years old.（2）Surprisingly, Toms grandmother plays with dolls at the age of 80.（3）His selflessness and talent qualify him for the job most students dr

18、eam to get.（4）What interpretation would you put on his odd / strange dream?（5）The brand-new car our boss has just bought is capable of making 200 kilometers an hour.九（1）Justice must not only be done, but it must be seen to be done. （2）The main impediment to development is the countrys huge foreign d

19、ebt（3）Politicians say a lot but often failing to tell us what they really mean（4）Dont complain that life is unfair to you because life simply does not know who you are.（5）Diversified products range from electronics components to assembly machinery十Dr Wilson: Im glad that you all decided to enroll in

20、 my English class. Who can tell mewhy it is important to speak English?Linan: Its important because knowing English gives us an advantage in applyingfor a job.Dr Wilson: Why does it give you an advantageLinan: The marketplace is becoming increasingly global and the most widely spokenbusiness languag

21、e in the world is English.Dr Wilson: Did you know that even in the United States, not all people speak English? In the US, there is no national language.Linan: While it may be true that there is no national language in America, it is alsotrue that a graduate is more marketable if he is multilingual.

22、 But, to bemultilingual is not enough. In todays age, most multi-national corporations require their employees to speak, read, and write a common language. Most often, that language is English.Dr Wilson: Linan is right, students. Like it or not, English is the predominant language inthe world, espec

23、ially in the business sector. If you want to succeed in theworld of business, then you must master English. Even if you dont want towork in the business circles, English is still a big academic pursuit to be learnt with vigor.十一。 The Importance of Learning Spoken EnglishIn todays modern world, learn

24、ing spoken English has many advantages. English is fast becoming the international language of many fields, including politics, business and education. Not only is English used between native speakers and non-native speakers, but it is also used increasingly as a common language in interactions betw

25、een non-native speakers.Having a good grasp of spoken English helps you to improve your chances of employment. These days, there are many foreign companies operating in China, and many Chinese-owned companies have trade links with foreign partners. These companies require speakers of English with su

26、fficient language skills to ensure smooth business transactions.Spoken English also provides the chances for you to communicate socially with people from many other countries. It gives you a window into other cultures, and other perspectives of the world. It also gives you access to foreign films, T

27、V programs, music and news.Therefore, spoken English is an important and fundamental tool in todays global village.Passage BThink about it 1. Probably not. Since Chinese English is thought to be the use of English in a Chinese way and it will not be accepted widely by the world.2. “Have you had your

28、 dinner?” used as a greeting is typical of Chinese English.3. From the title, we can predict that the passage is about whether Japanese English can be accepted as a variety of English.“日本式英语”能成为一种合法的语言吗?在我们当地面包店的招牌上这样写着：“我们希望总能提供给你新鲜的面包并建议你享受有面包吃的生活乐趣，特别是，我们想成为你厨房晚餐的主人。我们用各种不同类型的面包、蛋糕和三明治恭候你们。”这段话大意

29、清楚，但能认为是正确的英语吗？是的，回答是肯定的，这是一位在日本的美国学者的观点。他说日本式英语与印度英语、牙买加和菲律宾等国说的英语一样，也应看作是合法英语。教育学博士马歇尔?奇尔兹认为，日本学生应该忽略英式和美式英语的“势利”，以适合自己的方式来说英语，即使这样做可能会违背语法、发音和句子结构等公认的规则。 但是，他对“日本式英语”的推崇却激怒了他的一些同事，而且还在日本的一家英文报纸读卖日报专栏上引发了一场激烈的争论。奇尔兹先生是日本一所国际学院的院长，他认为两种语言（英语和日语）的混合是可以接受的，因为在日本人听来，这种英文更容易理解。 “创造性地使用语法结构是日本式英语的特征，其结果

30、对那些期待使用标准语法的人来说是非常令人震惊的，但其意义通常是完全可以理解的，也许这是因为它遵循了自然的思路。” “如果我们（以英语为母语的人）对日本式英语有偏见的话，那是我们的问题，不是日本人的问题。” 作为一个留居日本已有16年之久的居民，奇尔兹先生批评英语语言学校，说它们“羞辱”学生，让他们注册学习“正确的”英语课。 “我认识一位学生，在学了15年英语之后，她诚恳地接受了一位新老师的意见，从最基础的东西开始，重新学习发音，这次她学习的是得体的英式英语。” “她的这次经历耽误了她好几年时间，花费了几百万日元。其实大多数学生并不需要漂亮且地道纯正的口音；他们需要的是培养流利的听说习惯。如果他

31、们可以学他们喜欢的英语变体，则这些听说习惯就更加容易培养起来。” 奇尔兹先生还补充说:“广泛使用日本式英语所产生的生动活泼的局面是值得赞赏的，应该受到鼓励，而不是批评。” 他还说：“在学校，学生非常厌烦与他们生活无关的正确英语”。他还认为学习流利标准的英式或美式英语是文学家、表演艺术家、翻译家和国际谈判家的事。 “一派胡言，”他的一位美国同行和学者丹尼尔?韦伯斯特反驳道。他说奇尔兹先生的所作所为对日本学生学英语有害无益，明明是错误的东西，他却告诉学生是正确的。 韦伯斯特先生是东京早稻田大学英语系的客座教师，他说，“在亚洲和加勒比海地区的人说的那些英语类似奇尔兹先生作比拟的日本式英语，可他们却能

32、使用他们的英语相互之间进行流利的交流，也可以和外国人进行交流。他们也能看懂没有字幕的英语电影，他们之中一些有文化的人还能理解亨利?詹姆斯的作品，有的甚至能以高雅的文笔用英语写作。” “上述情况对那些使用日本式英语的人来讲绝非易事。事实上，我敢同奇尔兹先生打赌，真正用日本式英语作为交际媒介来进行最基本的需求之外的交流的唯一场合只能是家庭，其中有一个或几个家庭成员是日本人，而另一个或几个非日本人。” 韦伯斯特先生宣称，“日本式英语的使用范围不会超出家庭，在那些各家各户的住宅和公寓外面，日本式英语只能是许多令人费解的佶屈聱牙的话语，而且会永远如此。” 日本目前正在寻找提高学校英语教学标准的途径。事实

33、上，虽然所有的孩子都学了几年英语，但就其水平，日本远比其他亚洲国家落后。政治家和商业巨头们说，这一趋势使得他们的商业和外交效率低下。一本名叫40岁以上的人学英语的教科书在日本十分畅销，近来越来越多的企业主管为了提高他们的晋级机会正在报名学习各种英语课程。 去年，专家小组给当时的总理大臣小渊惠三建议，要求在全国范围内就是否应把英语作为日本的第二官方语言进行一场辩论。这种想法将迫使中央政府、地方当局和其他官方机构用两种语言草拟文件，因而它被看作是向日本文化被西方腐蚀所作的另一妥协，受到一些人的批评。 无论小泉纯一郎领导的新政府做出何种决定，人们可以预料没有人会抹去东京市机场候机厅用日本式英语写成的

34、告示“注意扒手”，也不会有人拿掉自动饮料销售机上的牌子，上面写着日本式英语：“该公司选择有把握的上等原料为消费者提供最好的产品，让你日复一日地有好心情。”十二。1. D 2. C 3. A 4. D 5. C十三。（1）To show that Japanglish is comprehensible and widely used, thus deserving its status as a legitimate language. （2）He is in favor of it. He claims that Japanese should speak English in a way

35、that suits them.（3）Because he thinks English language schools force their students to learn “correct” English that is far removed from their everyday lives.（4）He is against the use of Japanglish and says that Mr. Childs is doing Japanese students of English a disservice by telling them something is

36、right when it is simply wrong.（5）In a way, “Japanglish” should be encouraged.十四. 1. beyond 2. champions 3. ignored 4. obliged / obliges 5. sheer 6. lagged 7. prospects 8. proficiency 9. prejudice 10. claim 十五. 1. in a way 2. drawing up 3. calls for 4. signed up for 5. set . back 十六. 1. improve the s

37、tandard of English / broad prospects 2. acquire proficiency 3. provide food and drink / the instructions 4. break the rules of grammar 5. develop habits of hearing and speaking 6. follow the instructions / the rules of grammar 7. ignore personal danger / prejudices 8. draw up documents9. overcome pr

38、ejudices 10. open up broad prospects十七. 英语作为一种外语，学习它有很多好处。英语现在是国际商务语言，也是世界的通用语言。这就意味着在国际商业界，英语是那些说不同语言的人用来相互交流的工具。英语通常被认为是仅次于汉语普通话的被最多人使用的语言。然而，人们却很难知道在世界上某一特定的时间段到底有多少人在说英语，或者现在到底有多少人在学习英语。据估计这个数字一定很高。十八. 1. C 2. B十九.（1）元素是一种物质，这种物质不能用一般的化学方法再分裂成更为简单的物质。 （2）晚报记者想写一篇文章，以便能引起公众对这件事的注意。 (3) 老师十分生气，要约翰

39、打扫教室，约翰叫玛丽做，玛丽又叫琳达做，而琳达装着没听见。 (4) 我认为我应该特别感谢我的父母，没有他们的帮助，我不可能成功。 (5) 汤姆喜欢热情而可爱的妹妹，但不喜欢冷漠又高傲的哥哥。二十. (A) Comparison of two bridgesThe Shanghai Yangpu Bridge and the Wuhan Yangtze Bridge are both important bridges in China, but they differ in size, design and age.The Yangpu Bridge is a relatively new c

40、onstruction, completed in 1993 as the second bridge across the Huangpu River. The Wuhan Yangtze Bridge is much older. Built in 1957, it was the first bridge to be built across the Yangtze River.The Yangpu Bridge is much larger and grander in its design. Spanning 7 658 meters and measuring 30.35 mete

41、rs wide, its main bridge tower reaches the peak of its inverted “Y” shape 208 meters above sea level. The Wuhan Yangtze Bridge, measuring 1 670 meters long and 14.5 meters wide, is comparatively small. However, it has the added design feature of a double layer, accommodating road traffic on the uppe

42、r layer and railway on the lower layer.(B) Shanghai World Financial Center and the Empire State BuildingThe Empire State Building and Shanghai World Financial Center are both impressive buildings which are often seen as symbols of the countries they belong to. However, they have different symbolism.

43、 The Empire State Building at the time of its construction was intended to represent the grandiosity and strength of New York City at that time, while the World Financial Center symbolizes the emerging modernization and development of Shanghai and China as it heads into the future.The two buildings

44、also differ in their sizes. The World Financial Center is comparatively taller than the Empire State Building, standing at 101 floors or 492 metres high, which makes it the fourth tallest building in the world. It surpasses the Empire State Building, which measures 448 meters high.二十一.College of Bus

45、iness AdministrationChongqing UniversityChongqing, 400044 ChinaTel: (023) 68000100Email: lmcqfec June 16, 2012Dear Sir or Madam:I would like to be considered as an applicant for the post of director which was advertised in European Management Daily dated June 10, 2012.I am male and I am now 35. I ha

46、ve a Bachelors Degree in Business Management. I worked in a large company for 5 years before entering Chongqing University last year to study for a MBA degree. Therefore I have accumulated quite a lot of experience in international marketing and sales management. I am outgoing and sociable and I am

47、familiar with many strategies for delivering current products into new international markets. In addition, I am creative and innovative in thinking and Im sure that will help me to determine the profitability and feasibility of new products. Furthermore, I am honest, intelligent and cooperative, yet

48、 I am independent. Apart from these traits, I am proficient in English, I can communicate in English fluently both orally and in writing. I am also a computer expert. That means I am well qualified to deal with international business transactions electronically.Im sure that Im the person you are looking for.Thank you in advance for your time and consideration. You can reach me at t