初中英语词性变化归纳.doc

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1、 初中英语词型转换归纳一、 动词的变形：1.变名词： （1）+ mentachieve-achievement 成就advertise- advertisement/ advertising 广告(dis)agree-(dis)agreement （不）同意apart- apartment 公寓amuse- amusement 娱乐argue-argument 争吵commitcommitment 奉献develop - development 发展depart- department 局部equip -equipment 装备，器材governgovernment 政府manage-mana

2、gement 经营 管理compliment 称赞，恭维（2）+ tion/sionact-action 行为attractattraction 有吸引力的事或人competecompetition 竞争，比赛educate-education 教育describedescription 描写，描绘graduategraduation 毕业operateoperation 手术organize-organization 组织instructinstruction 指导， 介绍inventinvention (物)/inventor（人）发明inviteinvitation 邀请pollute-

3、pollution 污染predict-prediction 预言pronounce -pronunciation发音resolve -resolution 决心suggest -suggestion 建议solve -solution 解决方法collect-collection 收藏concludeconclusion 结论permit -permission 允许decide-decision 决定express -expression 词语；表达方式discussdiscussion 讨论inspire-inspiration 灵感，鼓舞人心的（3）+ ance appearappea

4、rance 外貌 ，出现 perform-performance 演出enter-entrance（4）+ ing bathe -bathing 洗澡end -ending 结尾，结局train -training 培训mean - meaning 意义say-saying 谚语build- building 建筑物light-lighting 灯光find-finding 发现meet-meeting 会议（5）+er/orfarm-farmer 农民teach-teacher 老师work-worker 工人report-reporter 记者manage- manager 经理drive

5、- driver 司机write- writer 作家wait-waiter 服务员（男waitress(女)win-winner 获胜者run-runner 跑步者act-actor 演员（男）invent-inventor 发明家visit-visitor 参观者collect-collector 收藏家 (6)+uremix -mixture 混合物presspressure 压力please- (with) pleasure 高兴fail-failure 失败(7)其他（动词-名词） behave -behavior 行为，举止know -knowledge 知识flyflight 飞

6、行sit-seat 座位succeedsuccess 成功tour- tourist 游客die-death 死weigh-weight 重量act-activity 活动enter-entrance 入口2.变形容词:(1) +ing (指物) / ed（指人）surprise-surprising/surprised 吃惊的tire-tiring/tired 疲惫的bore-boring/bored 无聊的excite-exciting/excited 兴奋的interest- interesting/ interested 有趣的relax- relaxing/relaxed 放松的di

7、sappoint- disappointing/ disappointed 失望的frustrate- frustrating/ frustrated 沮丧的frighten- frightening/ frightened 害怕的(2)其他:wake-awake 醒着的sleep-asleep （睡着的）sleepy （困倦的）live-alive (活着的，系动后，作表语)living (活着的，名词前，作定语)lively (生动的)二名词的变形：1. 变形容词：（1）+yanger -angry 生气的hunger-hungry 饥饿的fogfoggy 有雾的fur-furry 毛皮的

8、guilt -guilty 内疚的health-healthy 健康的luck-lucky 幸运的cloud-cloudywindwindyrain-rainysnow-snowysunsunnytourist-touristy 游客多的salt - salty 咸的shine-shiny 发亮的silksilky 丝绸般的sleep-sleepy 困倦的taste -tasty 甜的 noise-noisy 吵闹的（2）+ ed 或动词+ed/dbalance balanced 平衡的spot -spotted 有斑点的talent-talented 有天赋的organize- organi

9、zed 有组织的disgust- disgusted 厌恶的offend- offended 生气的crowd- crowded 拥挤的pollute- polluted 被污染的please- pleased(人) / pleasant(物) 高兴的endanger- endangered 濒临灭绝的（3）+ ful / less（变反义）use- useful/ useless 有用的 无用的carecareful/ careless 小心的；粗心的help-helpful / helpless 有助的 无助的homehomeless 无家可归的color-colorful 五颜六色的pa

10、in -painful 痛苦的thankthankful 充满感激的peace - peaceful 平静的，宁静的play-playful 顽皮的，爱玩耍的wonder-wonderful 精彩的forget-forgetful 健忘的meaningmeaningful 有意义的（4）+ ableadjust-adjustable 可调整的comfort-comfortable 舒适的knowledge-knowledgeable 知识渊博的suit -suitable 合适的enjoy- enjoyable 高兴的 （5）+ ousdangerdangerous 危险的mystery -m

11、ysterious 神秘的nerve-nervous 紧张的enormous 巨大的（6） ce 变 tconfidence-confidentdifference-differentimportance-importantsilence-silent（7） +almedicine -medical 医学的music-musical 音乐的nature-natural 自然的person-personal 私人的nationnational 国家的education-educational 有教育意义的tradition-traditional 传统的origin -original 新颖的；

12、独创的profession- professional 职业的，专业的 （8）+ lyfriend-friendlylive-lively 活跃的，有生气的live-living 活着的（名词前，作定语）alive 活着的（系动后，作表语）love-lovely 可爱的（小孩） loving 慈爱的（老人） （9）+ en woodwooden 木制的 woolwoolen 羊毛的（10）方位词+ern easteastern westwestern southsouthern north-northern （11）四大洲： Asia- Asian亚洲 Africa - African非洲Am

13、erica -American美洲 Europe - European欧洲music-musician 音乐家（12）其他：( 名词-形容词)energy -energetic 精力充沛的athlete-athletic 强健的scientist-scientific 科学的foolfoolish 愚蠢的freedomfree 空的， 免费的heighthigh 高的heat-hot 热的illness - ill 生病的loveloving 慈爱的（老人） lovely（小孩）death-dead 死的pleasure-pleasant 物 / pleased人pride-proud 自豪的

14、popularity-popular 受欢迎的length-long 长的courage-encourage v. 鼓励2变名词：（1）+istart-artist 艺术家tour-tourist 旅行者violin-violinist 小提琴手piano-pianist 钢琴家science-scientist 科学家terror-terrorist 恐怖分子三形容词的变形：1. 变副词： （1）+ lybadbadly糟糕地brightbrightly 明亮地casualcasually 随意地clearclearly 清楚地completecompletely 完全地correct-co

15、rrectly 正确地finalfinally 最后fortunatefortunately 幸运地generalgenerally 一般来讲loudloudly / aloud 大声地particularparticularly 特别地politepolitely 有礼貌地proper -properly 合适地main-mainly 主要地most -mostly 多半，大多数normal-normally 正常地quickquickly 快地，迅速地quietquietly 轻轻地，安静地realreally 真地recent -recently 最近；近来hard -hardly 几乎

16、不sad-sadly 难过地slow-slowly 慢慢地specialspecially 专门，特殊地specific-specifically 明确地strongstrongly 坚决地， 强烈地suddensuddenly 突然usualusually 经常地careful- carefully 认真地successful- successfully 成功地wide-widely 广泛地 safe-safely 安全地（2）以le 结尾的，e 变ycomfortable-comfortably 舒适地gentle-gently 轻柔地possible-possibly 可能地simple

17、 -simply 仅仅；只；简单地terrible-terribly 可怕地（3）辅音字母+ y 变 ilyeasyeasily 容易地heavy (rain) heavily happyhappily 开心地lucky-luckily 幸运地 （4）特殊goodwell好地truetruly 真正地2.变反义词：polite-impolite 无礼的possible-impossible 不可能的happy-unhappy 不高兴的lucky-unlucky 不幸的usual- (an) unusual 不寻常的expensive-inexpensive 不贵的honest-dishones

18、t 不诚实的regular-irregular 不规则的3. 变名词(+ness)happy-happiness 幸福ill-illness 疾病busy -business 生意，事业sad-sadness 悲伤4其他: (形容词变名词)hot-heat 热量high-height 高度foreign-foreigner 外国人strange-stranger 陌生人village- villager 村民safe-safety 安全difficult-difficulty 困难honest- honesty 诚实popular- popularitytrue-truth 真相，事实dead

19、-death 死亡free-freedom 自由四名词-形容词副词：beautybeautifulbeautifullycarecareful carefullycarecarelesscarelesslydifference-different-differentlyhappinesshappyhappilyhungerhungry-hungrilyhealthhealthyhealthilyluckluckyluckilynoisenoisynoisilyprideproudproudlysadnesssadsadlysafetysafesafelysilencesilent-silent

20、ly 默默地successsuccessfulsuccessfullytruthtruetrulyluck (un)lucky(un)luckilywonderwonderfulwonderfully五既是形容词又是副词： early get up early ； an early trainlate be late for class come late for schooldeep dive deep into the sea a hole deep largehigh jump high； a high mountainhard a hard question；a hard stone work hard / study hard rain hardlong It takes too long It takes a long timefar jump farMy home is far from school straight a straight linego straight along here