高考英语一轮复习 Unit4 Earthquakes词汇全方位训练2 新人教版必修1.doc
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1、2014届高考英语一轮复习全方位配套训练人教版必修一Unit 4 Earthquakes词汇21.damage n.& vt.损失;损害【常考用法】do a lot of damage to the crops毁坏了大量农作物cause serious damage to the house对房子造成了严重的损坏damage a car seriously严重损害车辆damage his reputation as a political personality损害自己政界名人的声誉【十年高考链接】(1)(2011新课标全国高考)William found it increasingly di
2、fficult to read,for his eyesight was beginning to .A.disappear B.fallC.failD.damage答案:C 本题考查动词意义辨析。句意:威廉发现阅读越来越困难,因为他的视力开始下降了。disappear消失;fall落下,下落,跌倒,(数量)减少,下降;damage损失,损坏,均不合题意。fail除有“失败,不及格”等含义外,还有“(健康、视力、记忆力)衰退”之意,故选C。(2)(2008重庆高考)Teenagers their health because they play computer games too much.
3、A.have damagedB.are damagingC.damagedD.will damage答案:B 根据because引导的原因状语从句的时态可知前面的时态。(3)(2007 上海春季)John had to have his car repaired in a garage because it seriously.A.damagedB.was being damagedC.had damaged D.had been damaged答案:D 句意:约翰不得不在汽车修理厂找人修车,因为车受损严重。damage在repair之前发生,结合had可知用过去完成时。(4)(2005北京春
4、季)After a fire broke out in the lab,a lot of equipment .A.is damaged B.had damagedC.damagedD.was damaged 答案:D 句意:实验室发生火灾之后,大量设备受损。damage与equipment之间为动宾关系,排除B、C两项;结合broke out(过去时态)排除A项,D项正确。2.frighten vt.使惊吓;吓唬【常考用法】frighten that boy away把那个男孩吓跑了frighten him from his plan吓得他放弃了他的计划frighten him into g
5、oing to school恐吓他去上学frighten off his attacker by calling for the police他喊警察,吓跑了要向他行凶的人frighten us out of senses吓得我们失去知觉frighten me to death吓得我要死be frightened at the sight of the dog一见到那条狗吓了一跳be frightened of mice害怕老鼠be frighten into silence被吓得一声不吭be badly frightened by the sudden noise被突然而来的嘈杂声吓坏了be
6、 frightened into holding his tongue吓得不敢往下说了be frightened off by the sound of the dog barking被狗的吠叫声吓跑了be frightened out of her life吓得要命be frightened to death吓得要死【辨析】frightening与frightened(1)frightening用作形容词,意为“令人害怕的”,事物本身具有使人害怕的性质。(2)frightened用作形容词,表示“感到害怕的,受到惊吓的”。frightened look/expression害怕的神情语法知能
7、精解定语从句()关系代词的用法在复合句中修饰主句中某一名词或代词的从句,叫做定语从句。它所修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词。它的基本构成:先行词+关系词+定语从句。连接先行词和定语从句的词叫关系词。关系词分为关系代词和关系副词两种。关系词的主要作用是连接主句和从句,同时指代先行词,并在从句中充当一定的句子成分。定语从句又分限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。引导定语从句的词有两种:关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that,which,who,whom,whose等;关系副词有when,where,why等。其具体用法见下表:关系代词指代的先行词在从句中所作的成分who指人主语、宾语、表语whom指人宾语
8、whose指人或物定语which指物主语、宾语、表语that指人或物主语、宾语、表语一、关系代词的用法1.who指人,在定语从句中可以充当主语、宾语或表语。Here comes the girl who wants to see you.想见你的那个女孩过来了。Danny is a man who we should learn from.丹尼是我们应该学习的一个人。2.whom指人,在定语从句中作宾语,可省略,也可用who代替。Rose is the person whom you should look after.罗斯是你应该照顾的人。3.whose可修饰人,也可修饰物,表“所属”关系,
9、whose在定语从句中作定语。I know the person whose company produces computers.我认识那个人,他的公司生产电脑。4.which指事物,在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语,作宾语时可省略。China is a country which has a long history.中国是一个具有悠久历史的国家。5.that既可指人,也可指物,在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语,作宾语时可省略。习惯上多用who,whom指人,多用which指物。The number of people that come to visit this city each yea
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